Synchronization of Drive-Response Networks With Delays on Time Scales

Dear Editor,This letter deals with the synchronization in drive-response networks with discrete and distributed delays on time scales.Based on the theory of calculus on time scales,Lyapunov functional method and inequality technique,we obtain new sufficient conditions to ensure synchronization criteria which are dependent on boundedness of grainness but independent of the types of delays.Numerical simulations are given to illustrate the effectiveness of our new results.

Existence of Periodic Solutions for Neutral-Type Neural Networks with Delays on Time Scales

In this paper, we employ a fixed point theorem due to Krasnosel’skii to attain the existence of periodic solutions for neutral-type neural networks with delays on a periodic time scale. Some new sufficient conditions are established to show that there exists a unique periodic solution by the contraction mapping principle.

Estimate of Multiple Attracing Domains for Cohen-Grossberg Neural Network with Distributed Delays

In this paper, we present multiplicity results of exponential stability and attracting domains for Cohen- Grossberg neural network (CGNN) with distributed delays. We establish new criteria for the coexistence of equilibrium points and estimate their attracting domains. Moreover, we base our criteria on co-efficients of the networks and the derivative of activation functions within the attracting domains. It is shown that our results are new and complement corresponding results existing in the previous literature.

Phase Relations in Si-Al-Y-O-C Systems

The present work investigated the phase relations in SiC-Al2O3-Y2O3-SiO2 (Si-Al-Y-O-C) system. As a continuation of our previous works, the purpose of this study is to understand the high temperature reaction behaviors of SiO2 in the system and its effect on the phase relations of the valuable system of SiC-Al2O3-Y2O3. The phase compositions of six solid-state reacted samples with different components of Y2O3:Al2O3:SiC:SiO2 were analyzed by XRD. The phase relations of the systems were determined. The subsolidus phase diagrams of ternary Al2O3-SiC-SiO2 system and the tentative phase diagram of an extended quaternary Y2O3-Al2O3-SiC-SiO2 system were presented latter involving several coexisting regions of four phases. The high temperature reaction behavior of SiO2 in the system and its effect on the phase relations of system were discussed.

Designed assembly of heterometallic cluster organic frameworks based on Th_6 cluster

Four novel compounds based on hexanuclear thorium cluster were synthesized and characterized.Compound 1[Th_(6)(HPy C)_(8)(HCOO)_(4)]is formed by replacing formate ligands of preassembled thorium cluster[Th_(6)O_(4)(OH)_(4)(H_(2)O)_(6)(HCOO)_(12)]with eight H_(2)Py C(4-pyrazolecarboxylic acid)under solvothermal conditions.Each of the HPy C^(-)ligands is coordinated with one Cu^(2+)to form the(4,8)-connected scu-net structure of compound 2[(Cu Cl_(2))_(2)Th_(6)(HPy C)_8(HCOO)_(4)].In compound 3[(Cu Cl_(2))_(2)Th_(6)(HPy C)_(10)(HCOO)_(4)],ten of the formate ligands of preassembled Th_(6)cluster are replaced by HPy C^(-)ligands.Compared with compound 2,the two extra HPy C^(-)ligands in the equatorial plane of the Th_(6)cluster in compound 3 are not further connected to copper ions.Therefore,the topology structure of compound 3 is same with that of compound 2.Compound 4[(Cu_(3)Cl_(2))(Cu Cl_(2))Th_(6)(Py C)_(3)(HPy C)_(4)(HCOO)_(5)]contains three kinds of metal nodes,Th_(6)cluster,Cu_(3)cluster and mononuclear Cu^(2+),and exhibits a novel(5,7)-connected net structure,which was first discovered in actinide MOFs.Furthermore,considering the satisfactory stability of compound 4 and its unsaturated metal nodes and Lewis acid sites,the catalysis of cycloaddition of CO_(2)was further studied.We found that this thorium-copper heterometallic cluster organic framework can be used as a potential actinide functional material for catalyzing the efficient CO_(2)conversion to value-added products.

High-temperature phase relations of ZrN–ZrO_2–Y_2O_3 ternary system

Zirconium nitride(ZrN) ceramics were prepared via hot pressed sintering(HP) at 1750 ℃ in N_2 atmosphere with ZrO_2–Y_2O_3 as sintering additive. X-ray diffraction was applied to analyze the phase composition of the as-prepared ceramics to study the high temperature phase relation in ZrN –ZrO_2–Y_2O_3 ternary system and establish ZrN –ZrO_2–Y_2O_3 ternary phase diagrams. The results show that ZrN and tetragonal ZrO_2(t-ZrO_2) solid solution, face-centered cubic ZrO_2(c-ZrO_2) solid solution, body-centered cubic Y_2O_3(c-Y_2O_3) solid solution coexist in the system of ZrN –ZrO_2–Y_2O_3.

Dysregulation of PLOD2 Promotes Tumor Metastasis and Invasion in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Background and Aims:Metastasis is a major factor associated with high recurrence and mortality in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients while the underlying mechanism of metastasis remains elusive.In our study,procollagen-lysine,2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2(PLOD2)was shown to be involved in the process of metastasis in HCC.Methods:The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database and HCC tissue microarrays were used to evaluate the expression of genes.In vitro migration,invasion,in vivo subcutaneous tumor model and in vivo lung metastasis assays were used to determine the role of PLOD2 in tumor growth and metastasis in HCC.RNA sequencing and gene set enrichment analysis were performed to uncover the downstream factor of PLOD2 in HCC cells.A luciferase reporter assay was performed to evaluate the interaction between PLOD2 and interferon regulatory factor 5(IRF5).Results:The expression of PLOD2 in HCC tissues was higher than that in adjacent tissues,and increased PLOD2 expression was often found in advanced tumors and was correlated with poor prognosis in HCC patients.In vitro experiments,knockdown of PLOD2 reduced the migration and invasion of human HCC cells.Loss of PLOD2 suppressed human HCC growth and metastasis in a subcutaneous tumor model and a lung metastasis model.Baculoviral IAP repeat containing 3(BIRC3)was proven to be the downstream factor of PLOD2 in human HCC cells.In addition,PLOD2 was transcriptionally regulated by IRF5 in HCC cells.Conclusions:High expression of PLOD2 was regulated by IRF5,which was correlated with the poor survival of HCC patients.PLOD2 enhanced HCC metastasis via BIRC3,suggesting that PLOD2 might be a valuable prognostic biomarker for HCC treatment.

SCALE-TYPE STABILITY FOR NEURAL NETWORKS WITH UNBOUNDED TIME-VARYING DELAYS

This paper studies scale-type stability for neural networks with unbounded time-varying delays and Lipschitz continuous activation functions. Several sufficient conditions for the global exponential stability and global asymptotic stability of such neural networks on time scales are derived. The new results can extend the existing relevant stability results in the previous literatures to cover some general neural networks.