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Dihydroartemisinin ameliorates innate inflammatory response induced by Streptococcus suis-derived muramidase-released protein via inactivation of TLR4-dependent NF-kB signaling
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作者 Yun Ji Kaiji Sun +1 位作者 Ying Yang zhenlong wu 《Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第10期1183-1194,共12页
Muramidase-released protein(MRP)is now being recognized as a critical indicator of the virulence and pathogenicity of Streptococcus suis(S.suis).However,the identification of viable therapeutics for S.suis infection w... Muramidase-released protein(MRP)is now being recognized as a critical indicator of the virulence and pathogenicity of Streptococcus suis(S.suis).However,the identification of viable therapeutics for S.suis infection was hindered by the absence of an explicit mechanism for MRP-actuated inflammation.Dihydroartemisinin(DhA)is an artemisinin derivative with potential anti-inflammatory activity.The modulatory effect of DhA on the inflammatory response mediated by the virulence factor MRP remains obscure.This research aimed to identify the signaling mechanism by which MRP triggers the innate immune response in mouse spleen and cultured macrophages.With the candidate mechanism in mind,we investigated DhA for its ability to dampen the pro-inflammatory response induced by MRP.The innate immune response in mice was drastically triggered by MRP,manifesting as splenic and systemic inflammation with splenomegaly,immune cell infiltration,and an elevation in pro-inflammatory cytokines.A crucial role for Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)in coordinating the MRP-mediated inflammatory response via nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-kB)activation was revealed by TLR4 blockade.In addition,NFkB-dependent transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)and mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPKs)activation was required for the inflammatory signal transduction engendered by MRP.Intriguingly,we observed an alleviation effect of DhA on the MRP-induced immune response,which referred to the suppression of TLR4-mediated actuation of NF-kB-STAT3/MAPK cascades.The inflammatory response elicited by MRP is relevant to TLR4-dependent NF-kB activation,followed by an increase in the activity of STAT3 or MAPKs.DhA mitigates the inflammation process induced by MRP via blocking the TLR4 cascade,highlighting the therapeutic potential of DhA in targeting S.suis infection diseases. 展开更多
关键词 DIHYDROARTEMISININ Inflammation Muramidase-released protein Streptococcus suis Toll-like receptor 4
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Amino acids and mammary gland development:nutritional implications for milk production and neonatal growth 被引量:38
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作者 Reza Rezaei zhenlong wu +2 位作者 Yongqing Hou Fuller W.Bazer Guoyao wu 《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第4期437-458,共22页
Milk is synthesized by mammary epithelial cells of lactating mammals. The synthetic capacity of the mammary gland depends largely on the number and efficiency of functional mammary epithelial cells. Structural develop... Milk is synthesized by mammary epithelial cells of lactating mammals. The synthetic capacity of the mammary gland depends largely on the number and efficiency of functional mammary epithelial cells. Structural development of the mammary gland occurs during fetal growth, prepubertal and post-pubertal periods, pregnancy, and lactation under the control of various hormones (particularly estrogen, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-I, progesterone, placental lactogen, and prolactin) in a species- and stage-dependent manner. Milk is essential for the growth, development, and health of neonates. Amino acids (AA), present in both free and peptide-bound forms, are the most abundant organic nutrients in the milk of farm animals. Uptake of AA from the arterial blood of the lactating dam is the ultimate source of proteins (primarily 13-casein and a-lactalbumin) and bioactive nitrogenous metabolites in milk. Results of recent studies indicate extensive catabolism of branched-chain AA (leucine, isoleucine and valine) and arginine to synthesize glutamate, glutamine, alanine, aspartate, asparagine, proline, and polyamines. The formation of polypeptides from AA is regulated not only by hormones (e.g., prolactin, insulin and glucocorticoids) and the rate of blood flow across the lactating mammary gland, but also by concentrations of AA, lipids, glucose, vitamins and minerals in the maternal plasma, as well as the activation of the mechanistic (mammalian) target rapamycin signaling by certain AA (e.g., arginine, branched-chain AA, and glutamine). Knowledge of AA utilization (including metabolism) by mammary epithelial cells will enhance our fundamental understanding of lactation biology and has important implications for improving the efficiency of livestock production worldwide. 展开更多
关键词 Development Health LIVESTOCK Mammary gland Milk NEONATES Production SOWS
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Biochemical and physiological bases for utilization of dietary amino acids by young Pigs 被引量:23
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作者 Reza Rezaei Weiwei Wang +3 位作者 zhenlong wu Zhaolai Dai Junjun Wang Guoyao wu 《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 SCIE CAS 2013年第2期90-101,共12页
Protein is quantitatively the most expensive nutrient in swine diets. Hence it is imperative to understand the physiological roles played by amino acids in growth, development, lactation, reproduction, and health of p... Protein is quantitatively the most expensive nutrient in swine diets. Hence it is imperative to understand the physiological roles played by amino acids in growth, development, lactation, reproduction, and health of pigs to improve their protein nutrition and reduce the costs of pork production. Due to incomplete knowledge of amino acid biochemistry and nutrition, it was traditionally assumed that neonatal, post-weaning, growing-finishing, and gestating pigs could synthesize sufficient amounts of all "nutritionally nonessential amino acids" (NEAA) to support maximum production performance. Therefore, over the past 50 years, much emphasis has been placed on dietary requirements of nutritionally essential amino acids as building blocks for tissue proteins. However, a large body of literature shows that NEAA, particularly glutamine, glutamate, arginine and proline regulate physiological functions via cell signaling pathways, such as mammalian target of rapamycin, AMP-activated protein kinase, extracellular signal-related kinase, Jun kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and NEAA-derived gaseous molecules (e.g., nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen sulfide). Available evidence shows that under current feeding programs, only 70% and 55% of dietary amino acids are deposited as tissue proteins in 14-day-old sow-reared piglets and in 30-day-old pigs weaned at 21 days of age, respectively. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand the robes and dietary requirements of NEAA in swine nutrition. This review highlights the basic biochemistry and physiology of absorption and utilization of amino acids in young pigs to enhance the efficacy of utilization of dietary protein and to minimize excretion of nitrogenous wastes from the body. 展开更多
关键词 Amino acids Metabolism NUTRITION PIGS
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Fetal and neonatal programming of postnatal growth and feed efficiency in swine 被引量:5
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作者 Yun Ji zhenlong wu +4 位作者 Zhaolai Dai Xiaolong Wang Ju Li Binggen Wang Guoyao wu 《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2017年第4期764-778,共15页
Maternal undernutrition or overnutrition during pregnancy alters organ structure, impairs prenatal and neonatal growth and development, and reduces feed efficiency for lean tissue gains in pigs. These adverse effects ... Maternal undernutrition or overnutrition during pregnancy alters organ structure, impairs prenatal and neonatal growth and development, and reduces feed efficiency for lean tissue gains in pigs. These adverse effects may be carried over to the next generation or beyond. This phenomenon of the transgenerational impacts is known as fetal programming, which is mediated by stable and heritable alterations of gene expression through covalent modifications of DNA and histones without changes in DNA sequences(namely, epigenetics). The mechanisms responsible for the epigenetic regulation of protein expression and functions include chromatin remodeling; DNA methylation(occurring at the 5′-position of cytosine residues within CpG dinucleotides); and histone modifications(acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination). Like maternal malnutrition, undernutrition during the neonatal period also reduces growth performance and feed efficiency(weight gain:feed intake; also known as weightgain efficiency) in postweaning pigs by 5–10%, thereby increasing the days necessary to reach the market bodyweight. Supplementing functional amino acids(e.g., arginine and glutamine) and vitamins(e.g., folate) play a key role in activating the mammalian target of rapamycin signaling and regulating the provision of methyl donors for DNA and protein methylation. Therefore, these nutrients are beneficial for the dietary treatment of metabolic disorders in offspring with intrauterine growth restriction or neonatal malnutrition. The mechanism-based strategies hold great promise for the improvement of the efficiency of pork production and the sustainability of the global swine industry. 展开更多
关键词 EPIGENETICS FETAL PROGRAMMING Gene expression NEONATAL PROGRAMMING NUTRITION
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Endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells:a feed-back regulation by mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1(mTORC1) 被引量:3
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作者 Yun Ji Xuan Luo +3 位作者 Ying Yang Zhaolai Dai Guoyao wu zhenlong wu 《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第3期607-617,共11页
Background: Endoplasmic reticulum(ER) stress is associated with multiple pathological processes of intestinal diseases. Despite a critical role of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1(m TORC1) in regulating cellu... Background: Endoplasmic reticulum(ER) stress is associated with multiple pathological processes of intestinal diseases. Despite a critical role of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1(m TORC1) in regulating cellular stress response, the crosstalk between m TORC1 and ER stress signaling and its contribution to the intestinal barrier function is unknown.Results: In the present study, we showed that intestinal epithelial cells(IEC-6) incubated with tunicamycin led to caspase-3-dependent apoptotic cell death. The induction of cell death was accompanied by activation of unfolded protein response as evidenced by increased protein levels for Bi P, p-IRE1α, p-e IF2α, p-JNK, and CHOP. Further study demonstrated that tunicamycin-induced cell death was enhanced by rapamycin, a specific inhibitor of m TORC1.Consistently, tunicamycin decreased transepithelial electrical resistance(TEER) and increased permeability of the cells. These effects of tunicamycin were exacerbated by m TORC1 inhibitor.Conclusions: Taken together, the data presented here identified a previously unknown crosstalk between an unfold protein response and m TORC1 signaling in the intestinal epithelium. This feed-back loop regulation on ER stress signaling by m TORC1 is critical for cell survival and intestinal permeability in epithelial cells. 展开更多
关键词 Apoptosis Barrier function ER stress INTESTINAL EPITHELIAL cell mTORC1
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Dietary L-arginine supplementation reduces lipid accretion by regulating fatty acid metabolism in Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus) 被引量:4
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作者 Senlin Li Yunchang Zhang +6 位作者 Ning Liu Jingqing Chen Lina Guo Zhaolai Dai Chao Wang zhenlong wu Guoyao wu 《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2021年第1期282-291,共10页
Background: Excessive white fat accumulation in humans and other animals is associated with the development of multiple metabolic diseases. It is unknown whether dietary L-arginine supplementation reduces lipid deposi... Background: Excessive white fat accumulation in humans and other animals is associated with the development of multiple metabolic diseases. It is unknown whether dietary L-arginine supplementation reduces lipid deposition in high fat diet-fed Nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus).Results: In the present study, we found that dietary supplementation with 1% or 2% arginine decreased the deposition and concentration of fats in the liver;the concentrations of triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein in the serum;and the diameter of adipocytes in intraperitoneal adipose tissue. Compared with the un-supplementation control group, the hepatic activities of alanine aminotransferase,aspartate aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase, and hepatic concentration of malondialdehyde were reduced but these for catalase and superoxide dismutase were enhanced by dietary supplementation with 2% arginine. Arginine supplementation reduced the total amounts of monounsaturated fatty acids, while increasing the total amounts of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the liver. These effects of arginine were associated with reductions in mRNA levels for genes related to lipogenesis(sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1, acetyl-CoA carboxylase α, stearoyl-CoA desaturase, and fatty acid synthase) but increases in mRNA levels for genes involved in fatty acid β-oxidation(carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1α and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α). In addition, hepatic mRNA levels for Δ4 fatty acyl desaturase 2 and elongase 5 of very long-chain fatty acids were enhanced by arginine supplementation.Conclusion: These results revealed that dietary L-arginine supplementation to tilapia reduced high fat diet-induced fat deposition and fatty acid composition in the liver by regulating the expression of genes for lipid metabolism. 展开更多
关键词 Fatty acid composition L-ARGININE Lipid metabolism TILAPIA
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Cinnamicaldehyde regulates the expression of tight junction proteins and amino acid transporters in intestinal porcine epithelial cells 被引量:4
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作者 Kaiji Sun Yan Lei +2 位作者 Renjie Wang zhenlong wu Guoyao wu 《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第1期127-134,共8页
Background: Cinnamicaldehyde(CA) is a key flavor compound in cinnamon essential oil possessing various bioactivities. Tight junction(TJ) proteins are vital for the maintenance of intestinal epithelial barrier fun... Background: Cinnamicaldehyde(CA) is a key flavor compound in cinnamon essential oil possessing various bioactivities. Tight junction(TJ) proteins are vital for the maintenance of intestinal epithelial barrier function,transport, absorption and utilization of dietary amino acids and other nutrients. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that CA may regulate the expression of TJ proteins and amino acid transporters in intestinal porcine epithelial cells(IPEC-1) isolated from neonatal pigs.Results: Compared with the control, cells incubated with 25 μmol/L CA had increased transepithelial electrical resistance(TEER) and decreased paracellular intestinal permeability. The beneficial effect of CA on mucosal barrier function was associated with enhanced protein abundance for claudin-4, zonula occludens(ZO)-1, ZO-2, and ZO-3. Immunofluorescence staining showed that 25 μmol/L CA promoted the localization of claudin-1 and claudin-3 to the plasma membrane without affecting the localization of other TJ proteins, including claudin-4, occludin,ZO-1, ZO-2, and ZO-3, compared with the control cells. Moreover, protein abundances for rBAT, xCT and LAT2 in IPEC-1 cells were enhanced by 25 μmol/L CA, while that for EAAT3 was not affected.Conclusions: CA improves intestinal mucosal barrier function by regulating the distribution of claudin-1 and claudin-3 in enterocytes, as well as enhancing protein abundance for amino acid transporters rBAT, xCT and LAT2 in enterocytes. Supplementation with CA may provide an effective nutritional strategy to improve intestinal integrity and amino acid transport and absorption in piglets. 展开更多
关键词 Amino acid transporters Barrier function Cinnamicaldehyde Intestinal epithelial cells Tight junction proteins
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Protein hydrolysates in animal nutrition:Industrial production, bioactive peptides,and functional significance 被引量:23
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作者 Yongqing Hou zhenlong wu +2 位作者 Zhaolai Dai Genhu Wang Guoyao wu 《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2017年第3期513-525,共13页
Recent years have witnessed growing interest in the role of peptides in animal nutrition. Chemical, enzymatic, or microbial hydrolysis of proteins in animal by-products or plant-source feedstuffs before feeding is an ... Recent years have witnessed growing interest in the role of peptides in animal nutrition. Chemical, enzymatic, or microbial hydrolysis of proteins in animal by-products or plant-source feedstuffs before feeding is an attractive means of generating high-quality small or large peptides that have both nutritional and physiological or regulatory functions in livestock, poultry and fish. These peptides may also be formed from ingested proteins in the gastrointestinal tract, but the types of resultant peptides can vary greatly with the physiological conditions of the animals and the composition of the diets. In the small intestine, large peptides are hydrolyzed to small peptides,which are absorbed into enterocytes faster than free amino acids(AAs) to provide a more balanced pattern of AAs in the blood circulation. Some peptides of plant or animal sources also have antimicrobial, antioxidant,antihypertensive, and immunomodulatory activities. Those peptides which confer biological functions beyond their nutritional value are called bioactive peptides. They are usually 2–20 AA residues in length but may consist of 〉20AA residues. Inclusion of some(e.g. 2–8%) animal-protein hydrolysates(e.g., porcine intestine, porcine mucosa,salmon viscera, or poultry tissue hydrolysates) or soybean protein hydrolysates in practical corn-and soybean mealbased diets can ensure desirable rates of growth performance and feed efficiency in weanling pigs, young calves,post-hatching poultry, and fish. Thus, protein hydrolysates hold promise in optimizing the nutrition of domestic and companion animals, as well as their health(particularly gut health) and well-being. 展开更多
关键词 Animals Nutrition Peptides Protein hydrolysates Sustainability
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Hypoxia promotes cell proliferation by modulating E2F1 in chicken pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells
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作者 Ying Yang Feng Sun +3 位作者 Chen Zhang Hao Wang Guoyao wu zhenlong wu 《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 SCIE CAS 2013年第3期205-210,共6页
In this study,we sought to investigate the expression of the transcription factor E2F1 in chicken pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells upon hypoxia exposure,as well as the role that E2F1 played in the regulation of ... In this study,we sought to investigate the expression of the transcription factor E2F1 in chicken pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells upon hypoxia exposure,as well as the role that E2F1 played in the regulation of cell proliferation.Isolated chicken pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells were subjected to hypoxia or normoxia for indicated time points.Cell viability,DNA synthesis,cell cycle profile,and expression of E2F1 were analyzed.The results showed that hypoxia promoted cell proliferation and DNA synthesis which was accompanied by an increased S phase entry and upregulation of E2F1 at mRNA and protein levels.Using siRNA technology,we demonstrated that gene inactivation of endogenous E2F1 abolished hypoxia-induced cell proliferation,DNA synthesis,and S phase entry compared with negative siRNA transfected cells.These results suggest that hypoxia-induced proliferation is mediated by inducing E2F1 in chicken pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells. 展开更多
关键词 E2F1 HYPOXIA Proliferation Pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells
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氨基酸和乳腺发育对母畜产奶量和新生幼畜生长的营养意义(续)
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作者 唐彩琰 夏俊花 +2 位作者 Reza Rezaei zhenlong wu Yongqing Hou 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》 2018年第4期84-86,共3页
2哺乳期乳腺中的氨基酸代谢蛋白质可以调节整个机体体内平衡的代谢途径,而氨基酸是构成蛋白质的基础材料[70]。在哺乳期,动物需要大量的氨基酸,通过乳腺组织来合成乳汁[79]。对于在营养上的必需氨基酸来说,支链氨基酸(Branched-Chain AA... 2哺乳期乳腺中的氨基酸代谢蛋白质可以调节整个机体体内平衡的代谢途径,而氨基酸是构成蛋白质的基础材料[70]。在哺乳期,动物需要大量的氨基酸,通过乳腺组织来合成乳汁[79]。对于在营养上的必需氨基酸来说,支链氨基酸(Branched-Chain AA,BCAA)近年来已经获得了人们极大的关注[67-69]。例如,母猪乳腺摄入的支链氨基酸在数量上远多于乳汁中的这些氨基酸的含量,而谷氨酰胺的情况则相反[69,79-80]。人们已经证实,在泌乳的乳腺组织中支链氨基酸进行着大量的分解代谢,以便为其他氨基酸(如谷氨酸和谷氨酰胺)的生物合成提供氨基[69],而谷氨酸和谷氨酰胺是新生幼畜生长和消化道成熟所必需的营养素[67]。最新的研究证明,支链氨基酸在调节乳腺代谢中有着重要的作用。例如,亮氨酸通过激活TOR细胞信号通路可以促进蛋白质在牛乳腺上皮细胞(Mammary Epithelial Cells,MEC)中的合成[70]。 展开更多
关键词 必需氨基酸 乳腺发育 新生幼畜 营养素 生长 牛乳腺上皮细胞 产奶量 支链氨基酸
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氨基酸和乳腺发育对母畜产奶量和新生幼畜生长的营养意义(续)
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作者 唐彩琰 陈建康 +2 位作者 Reza Rezaei zhenlong wu Yongqing Hou 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》 2018年第5期74-75,共2页
4乳腺上皮细胞(Mammary Epithelial Cells,MEC)合成乳汁 分析乳汁的组成成分不仅可以揭示乳汁中的常量和微量营养物质的含量,而且还能揭示乳汁含有的各种保护性因子,如抗菌脂质和蛋白质.大部分保护性因子并不是由乳腺自身专门产生的... 4乳腺上皮细胞(Mammary Epithelial Cells,MEC)合成乳汁 分析乳汁的组成成分不仅可以揭示乳汁中的常量和微量营养物质的含量,而且还能揭示乳汁含有的各种保护性因子,如抗菌脂质和蛋白质.大部分保护性因子并不是由乳腺自身专门产生的,相反它们直接来自母体的血液,并被转运到乳汁中.乳蛋白质包括酪蛋白、乳白蛋白、骨桥蛋白、松弛肽以及能结合铁离子以阻止微生物生长的乳铁蛋白、能水解细菌细胞壁的溶菌酶、 展开更多
关键词 微生物生长 乳腺发育 营养物质 新生幼畜 产奶量 氨基酸 母畜 乳腺上皮细胞
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氨基酸和乳腺发育对母畜产奶量和新生幼畜生长的营养意义
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作者 唐彩琰 夏俊花 +2 位作者 Reza Rezaeil zhenlong wu Yongqing Hou 《国外畜牧学(猪与禽)》 2018年第3期77-79,共3页
乳汁是哺乳动物在哺乳期由乳腺上皮细胞合成的物质。乳腺合成乳汁的能力在很大程度上取决于功能性乳腺上皮细胞的数量和效率。在各种激素(特别是雌激素、生长激素、胰岛素样生长因子-1、黄体酮、胎盘催乳素和催乳素等)的控制下,乳腺结... 乳汁是哺乳动物在哺乳期由乳腺上皮细胞合成的物质。乳腺合成乳汁的能力在很大程度上取决于功能性乳腺上皮细胞的数量和效率。在各种激素(特别是雌激素、生长激素、胰岛素样生长因子-1、黄体酮、胎盘催乳素和催乳素等)的控制下,乳腺结构在胎儿生长期、青春期前期和青春期后期、怀孕期和哺乳期以物种依赖性和阶段依赖性的方式不断发育。乳汁对新生幼畜的生长、发育和健康来说至关重要。氨基酸是家畜乳汁中最为丰富的有机营养物,它以游离态和肽结合态的形式存在。哺乳母畜动脉血液中的氨基酸是乳汁中蛋白质(主要是β-酪蛋白和α-乳清蛋白)和生物活性氮代谢产生的最终来源。最新的研究结果指出,支链氨基酸(亮氨酸、异亮氨酸和缬氨酸)和精氨酸会大量分解代谢以合成谷氨酸、谷氨酰胺、丙氨酸、天冬氨酸、天冬酰胺、脯氨酸和多胺。氨基酸形成多肽不仅受激素(如催乳素、胰岛素和糖皮质激素)和流经哺乳期乳腺的血流速度的调控,还受母体血浆中氨基酸、脂肪、葡萄糖、维生素和矿物质浓度以及由某些氨基酸(如精氨酸、支链氨基酸和谷氨酰胺)机械性(哺乳动物)靶向雷帕霉素通路的活化程度的影响。掌握乳腺上皮细胞利用氨基酸(包括代谢)的相关知识将会加强我们对泌乳生物学的全面了解,并且对提高全球畜牧生产效率具有重要的意义。 展开更多
关键词 发育 健康 家禽 乳腺 乳汁:新生幼畜 生产 母猪
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Targeted isolation of antiviral cinnamoylphloroglucinol-terpene adducts from Cleistocalyx operculatus by building blocks-based molecular networking approach
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作者 Jianguo Song Ruili Huang +8 位作者 Jialiao Cai zhenlong wu Lijun Hu Wanyang Sun Xiaojun Huang Rongrong He Wei Tang Wencai Ye Ying Wang 《Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第10期4443-4460,共18页
The building blocks-based molecular network(BBMN)strategy was applied to the phytochemical investigation of Cleistocalyx operculatus,leading to the targeted isolation of eighteen novel cinnamoylphloroglucinol-terpene ... The building blocks-based molecular network(BBMN)strategy was applied to the phytochemical investigation of Cleistocalyx operculatus,leading to the targeted isolation of eighteen novel cinnamoylphloroglucinol-terpene adducts(CPTAs)with diverse skeleton types(cleistoperones A-R,1-18).Their structures including absolute configurations were determined by extensive spectroscopic methods,quantum chemical calculations,and single-crystal X-ray crystallographic experiments.Cleistoperone A(1),consisting of a cinnamoylphloroglucinol motif and two linear monoterpene moieties,represents an unprecedented macrocyclic CPTA,whose densely functionalized tricyclo[15.3.1.0^(3,8)]heneicosane bridge ring skeleton contains an enolizableβ,β′-triketone system and two different kinds of stereogenic elements(including five point and three planar chiralities).Cleistoperones B and C(2 and 3)are two new skeletal CPTAs with an unusual coupling pattern between the(nor)monoterpene moiety and the cinnamoyl chain of the cinnamoylphloroglucinol unit.Cleistoperone D(4)possesses an unprecedented cage-like 6/6/6/4/6-fused heteropentacyclic scaffold.The plausible biosynthetic pathways for 1-18 were also proposed.Notably,compounds 1,4,7,8,and 18 exhibited significant antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus(RSV).The most potent one,cleistoperone A(1)with IC_(50) value of 1.71±0.61μmol/L,could effectively inhibit virus replication via affecting the Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway. 展开更多
关键词 Cleistocalyx operculatus Cinnamoylphloroglucinolterpene adduct Targeted isolation Molecular networking Structure elucidation Cleistoperone A Respiratory syncytial virus Antiviral activity
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Discovery of unusual phloroglucinol-triterpenoid adducts from Leptospermum scoparium and Xanthostemon chrysanthus by building blocks-based molecular networking
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作者 Jinyan Zhang Fen Liu +7 位作者 Qian Jin Xueyi Li Qiong Zhan Mu Chen Sisi Wang zhenlong wu Wencai Ye Lei Wang 《Chinese Chemical Letters》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第6期353-357,共5页
The first phloroglucinol-triterpenoid hybrids,myrtphlotritins A-E(1-5),were rapidly recognized and isolated from two species of Myrtaceae by employing the building blocks-based molecular network(BBMN)strategy.Compound... The first phloroglucinol-triterpenoid hybrids,myrtphlotritins A-E(1-5),were rapidly recognized and isolated from two species of Myrtaceae by employing the building blocks-based molecular network(BBMN)strategy.Compounds 1-5 featured new carbon skeletons in which phloroglucinol derivatives were coupled with lupane-and dammarane-type triterpenoids through different linkage patterns.Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated by comprehensive analysis of spectroscopic data and quantum chemical calculations.Biosynthetic pathways for compounds 1-5 were proposed on the basis of the coexisting precursors.Guided by the biogenetic pathways,the biomimetic synthesis of compound 1 was also achieved.Additionally,compounds 2,3,and 5 exhibited potent antiviral activities against herpes simplex virus type-1(HSV-1)infection,and compounds 2 and 5 displayed significant anti-inflammatory activities on RAW264.7 cells. 展开更多
关键词 Phloroglucinol-triterpenoid adduct MYRTACEAE Building blocks-based molecular network Biomimetic synthesis Antiviral activity Anti-inflammatory activity
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Hovering rotor aerodynamics in extreme ground effect
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作者 zhenlong wu Tianyu ZHANG +3 位作者 Huijun TAN Haoyu ZHOU Wei CHEN Maixiang XIE 《Chinese Journal of Aeronautics》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第7期204-219,共16页
This paper presents an experimental and numerical study of the aerodynamics of a moderate-scale rotor hovering in the Extreme Ground Effect(EGE)where rotor height-offground is below half the rotor radius.The tip vorte... This paper presents an experimental and numerical study of the aerodynamics of a moderate-scale rotor hovering in the Extreme Ground Effect(EGE)where rotor height-offground is below half the rotor radius.The tip vortex field was visualized by using the PIV technique.The aerodynamic performance,tip vortex trajectory,wall jet characteristics,surface pressure and velocity fields were measured and analyzed.To explore more deeply the flow mechanisms of the extreme ground effect,Detached Eddy Simulation(DES)was conducted on completely structured meshes.The results showed significant deviations of the rotor performance in EGE from that in Regular Ground Effect(RGE)with the rotor heights of more than half the rotor radius.Moreover,the flow structures of the rotor in EGE are considerably complex,such as the wall jet and groundwash flow separation.The rotor wake flow and tip vortices impact the ground more frequently,resulting in distinctive characteristics of the surface pressure and velocity fields in EGE. 展开更多
关键词 ROTOR Ground effect Tip vortex Detached Eddy Simulation(DES) Groundwash
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Zearalenone induces apoptosis and autophagy by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress signalling in porcine trophectoderm cells 被引量:3
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作者 Jun Bai Jun Li +7 位作者 Ning Liu Hai Jia Xuemeng Si Yusong Zhou Zhian Zhai Ying Yang Fazheng Ren zhenlong wu 《Animal Nutrition》 SCIE CSCD 2023年第1期186-199,共14页
Zearalenone(ZEA),a mycotoxin produced mainly by fungi belonging to Fusarium species in foods and feeds,causes a serious hazard to humans and animals.Numerous studies have revealed that ingesting ZEA can disrupt the re... Zearalenone(ZEA),a mycotoxin produced mainly by fungi belonging to Fusarium species in foods and feeds,causes a serious hazard to humans and animals.Numerous studies have revealed that ingesting ZEA can disrupt the reproductive function and impair the reproductive process in animals.This experiment was to investigate the toxicological effect and the mechanism of ZEA exposure on reproduction in pigs during early stages of pregnancy.In the present study,we treated with 0 to 80μmol/L ZEA for 12 or 24 h in trophoblast ectoderm(pTr)cells.The results showed that ZEA had significantly decreased cell proliferation(P<0.05),which was accompanied by DNA damage-related cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase,activation of the apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress,as well as impairment of barrier function(P<0.05).Western blot analysis and transmission electron microscopy(TEM)showed that exposure to ZEA can activation of autophagy in pTr cells.Importantly,pretreatment with chloroquine(CQ)or 3-methyladenine(3-MA)led to increased apoptosis in pTr cells.Interestingly,pTr cells pretreated with 4-phenylbutyric acid(4-PBA),an inhibitor of ER stress,resulted in reduced cell death in pTr cells,indicating a critical role for ER stress in the activation of autophagy.In conclusion,these results reveal that ZEA-triggered ER stress is critical for the cell fate decision of pTr cells during early porcine embryonic development.Application of small molecules with ability of blocking ER stress might be therapeutic option to reduce the deleterious effect of ZEA in pregnant animals. 展开更多
关键词 ZEARALENONE Porcine trophectoderm APOPTOSIS Endoplasmic reticulum stress AUTOPHAGY
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Design and examination of a turboprop inlet with scavenge duct
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作者 Gaojie ZHENG zhenlong wu +2 位作者 Huijun TAN Yue ZHANG Kun WANG 《Chinese Journal of Aeronautics》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第8期32-42,共11页
The inlet with scavenge duct is an important part of turboprop aircraft engine.This type of inlet normally has a complex shape,of which the design is challenging and directly affects the flow field quality of the engi... The inlet with scavenge duct is an important part of turboprop aircraft engine.This type of inlet normally has a complex shape,of which the design is challenging and directly affects the flow field quality of the engine entrance and thus the engine performance.In this paper,the parametric design method of a turboprop aircraft inlet with scavenge duct is established by extracting and controlling the transition law of the critical characteristic parameters.The inlet’s performance and internal flow characteristics are examined by wind-tunnel experiment and numerical simulation.The results indicate that a flow tendency of winding up on both sides is formed due to the induction of the inlet profile,as well as a vortex pair on the back side of the power output shaft.The vortex pair dominates the pressure distortion index on the Aerodynamic Interface Plane(AIP).In addition,with the increase of freestream angle of attack,the total-pressure recovery coefficient of the inlet increases gradually while the total pressure distortion index decreases slightly.On the basis of the experimental results under different working conditions,the parametric design method proposed in this paper is feasible. 展开更多
关键词 Design methord Flowcharacteristics Inlet performance Scavengeduct Turbopropaircraft
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On transitioning from PID to ADRC in thermal power plants 被引量:6
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作者 zhenlong wu Zhiqiang Gao +2 位作者 Donghai Li YangQuan Chen Yanhong Liu 《Control Theory and Technology》 EI CSCD 2021年第1期3-18,共16页
This paper focuscs on the recent progress in the adoption of active disturbance rejection control(ADRC)in thermal pro-cesses as a viable alternative to proportional-_integral-derivative(PID),especially in coa-fired po... This paper focuscs on the recent progress in the adoption of active disturbance rejection control(ADRC)in thermal pro-cesses as a viable alternative to proportional-_integral-derivative(PID),especially in coa-fired power plants.The profound interpretation of this paradigm shift,with backward compatibility,is discussed in detail.A few fundamental issues associated with ADRC's applications in thermal processes are discussed,such as implementation,tuning,and the structural changes.Examples and case studies are presented,encompassing coal-fired power plants,gas turbines and nuclear power plants,as well as highlighting results of field applications.Also discussed are future research opportunities brought by ADRC's entry as the baseline control technology in thermal processes. 展开更多
关键词 Active disturbance rejection control(ADRC) Proportional-integral-derivative(PID) Thermal processes Coal-fired power plant Field applications
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Glycine represses endoplasmic reticulum stress-related apoptosis and improves intestinal barrier by activating mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 signaling 被引量:2
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作者 Ying Yang Xiaoxiao Fan +3 位作者 Yun Ji Ju Li Zhaolai Dai zhenlong wu 《Animal Nutrition》 SCIE CSCD 2022年第1期1-9,共9页
Endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress has been associated with the dysfunction of intestinal barrier in humans and animals.We have previously shown that oral administration of glycine to suckling-piglets improves ER stress-... Endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress has been associated with the dysfunction of intestinal barrier in humans and animals.We have previously shown that oral administration of glycine to suckling-piglets improves ER stress-related intestinal mucosal barrier impairment and jejunal epithelial apoptosis.However,the underlying mechanism remains unknown.In this study,the protective effect and the mechanism of glycine on apoptosis and dysfunction in intestinal barrier induced by brefeldin A(BFA),an ER stress inducer,was explored in porcine intestinal epithelial cells(IPEC-1).The results showed that BFA treatment led to enhanced apoptosis and upregulation of proteins involved in ER stress signaling,including inositol-requiring enzyme 1a(IRE1a),activating transcription factor 6a(ATF6a),c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK),and C/EBP-homologous protein(CHOP).In addition,BFA induced a dysfunction in intestinal epithelial barrier,as evidenced by the increased paracellular permeability,decreased transepithelial electrical resistance(TEER),and reduced abundance of tight junction proteins(occludin,claudin-1,zonula occludens[ZO]-1,and ZO-2).These alterations triggered by BFA were significantly abolished by glycine treatment(P<0.05),indicating a protective effect of glycine on barrier function impaired by ER stress.Importantly,we found that the regulatory effect of glycine on intestinal permeability,proteins implicated in ER stress and apoptosis,as well as the morphological alterations of the ER were reversed by rapamycin.In summary,our results indicated that glycine alleviates ER stress-induced apoptosis and intestinal barrier dysfunction in IPEC-1 cells in a mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1(mTORC1)-dependent manner.The data provides in vitro evidence and a mechanism for the protective effect of glycine against the disruption of intestinal barrier integrity induced by ER stress. 展开更多
关键词 GLYCINE ER stress APOPTOSIS mTORC1 Intestinal barrier
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Hydroxyproline alleviates 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in porcine intestinal epithelial cells 被引量:1
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作者 Yun Ji Yu He +2 位作者 Ying Yang Zhaolai Dai zhenlong wu 《Animal Nutrition》 SCIE CSCD 2022年第2期7-15,共9页
Oxidative stress has been confirmed in relation to intestinal mucosa damage and multiple bowel diseases.Hydroxyproline (Hyp) is an imino acid abundant in sow's milk. Compelling evidence has beengathered showing th... Oxidative stress has been confirmed in relation to intestinal mucosa damage and multiple bowel diseases.Hydroxyproline (Hyp) is an imino acid abundant in sow's milk. Compelling evidence has beengathered showing the potential antioxidative properties of Hyp. However, the role and mechanism ofHyp in porcine intestinal epithelial cells in response to oxidative stress remains unknown. In this study,small intestinal epithelial cell lines of piglets (IPEC-1) were used to evaluate the protective effects of Hypon 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE)-induced oxidative DNA damage and apoptosis. IPEC-1 pretreated with0.5 to 5 mmol/L Hyp were exposed to 4-HNE (40 mmol/L) in the presence or absence of Hyp. Thereafter,the cells were subjected to apoptosis detection by Hoechst staining, flow cytometry, and Western blot orDNA damage analysis by comet assay, immunofluorescence, and reverse-transcription quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR). Cell apoptosis and the upregulation of cleaved-caspase-3 induced by 4-HNE (40 mmol/L) wereinhibited by 5 mmol/L of Hyp. In addition, 5 mmol/L Hyp attenuated 4-HNE-induced reactive oxygenspecies (ROS) accumulation, glutathione (GSH) deprivation and DNA damage. The elevation in transcriptionof GADD45a (growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible protein 45 alpha) and GADD45b(growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible protein 45 beta), as well as the phosphorylation of H2AX(H2A histone family, member X), p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase), and JNK (c-Jun N-terminalkinase) in cells treated with 4-HNE were alleviated by 5 mmol/L Hyp. Furthermore, Hyp supplementationincreased the protein abundance of Krüppel like factor 4 (KLF4) in cells exposed to 4-HNE.Suppression of KLF4 expression by kenpaulone impeded the resistance of Hyp-treated cells to DNAdamage and apoptosis induced by 4-HNE. Collectively, our results indicated that Hyp serves to protectagainst 4-HNE-induced apoptosis and DNA damage in IPEC-1 cells, which is partially pertinent with theenhanced expression of KLF4. Our data provides an updated explanation for the nutritional values ofHyp-containing animal products. 展开更多
关键词 HYDROXYPROLINE APOPTOSIS DNA damage 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal Oxidative stress
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