Consensus-Based Distributed Control with Communication Time Delays for Virtual Synchronous Generators in Isolate Microgrid

A consensus-based distributed control method of coordinated VSGs with communication time delays in isolate microgrid is proposed. When time delays are considered in communication, there are some effects on frequency restoration and active power output allocation. In the control structure, only local information exchange is needed, while the final frequency can be controlled to the nominal value and the VSGs can automatically share loads according to their rated values. An AC microgrid with three VSGs and some loads is implemented. The proposed control strategy is verified by MATLAB/ Simulink simulation results.

The Comprehensive Evaluation Algorithm with Fault Location in HVDC Transmission Line

China has a vast territory with a great demand for electricity. However, the resources are in reverse distribution in the country. Therefore, high voltage direct current transmission has great practical significance and been widely used. However, traditional fault location methods have a lot of problems in engineering application for the length of transmission line and the complexity of the terrain. This paper proposes a comprehensive evaluation algorithm based on the travelling wave method and time domain method. It also proposes a concept of fault point reliability. This algorithm analyzes the fault point reliability in the whole transmission line to determine the specific location of the fault point. This paper proves that the algorithm has high reliability by PSCAD simulation software.

A Flying Spots Detection and Recovery Scheme Based on Hybrid-Waveform Recognition Method

Flying plots detection has been the focus of relay protection in power system for a long time. With the promotion of Smart substation in our country, the number of SV devices is greatly increased. Abnormal data (flying plot) caused by sampling device itself has brought tremendous pressure to the power system. The traditional flying plot detection algorithm has plenty of defects, such as low pertinence, low sensitivity and long sampling period. This paper proposes a new algorithm to identify flying plot by analyzing the wave form characteristics of sampling data. The traditional waveform recognition methods are combined in this algorithm. It has the concept of standard wave window and can distinguish flying plot in a short time. In addition, sine recovery algorithm is used to recover the flying plot. This paper uses PSCAD software to verify the validity of this algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed method has high reliability.

Studies on 2-Formylphenylboronic Acid-Based Ser/Thr Ligation and Cys/Pen Ligation

Main observation and conclusion Developing an effective chemoselective ligation strategy for assembling unprotected peptide segments is important to peptide/protein synthesis.The ligation efficiency and selectivity depend on the chemistry between the C-terminal active ester of the peptide(e.g.,the thioester in Native Chemical Ligation or the salicylaldehyde ester in Ser/Thr Ligation and Cys/Pen Ligation)and N-terminal functional groups of the second peptide(Cys or Ser/Thr).Increasing the reactivity of the ligation and decreasing the hydrolysis of the active ester are more like the opposite sites in balance.We investigated the potential application of the peptide acyl ester of 2-formylphenylboronic acid(2-FPBA)in the Ser/Thr ligation and Cys/Pen ligation.With the assistance of boronic acid group,the peptidyl FPBA ester showed remarkable stability in aqueous buffer and its reactivity towards Ser/Thr and Cys/Pen also improved.However,the strong coordination of the amine at the N-terminus and boronic acid suppressed the acyl transfer process when the peptide acyl group was used.More effects should be made to enhance the ligation chemistry.

Oxidative capacities of size-segregated haze particles in a residential area of Beijing

The frequent haze days around the Chinese capital of Beijing in recent years have aroused great attention owing to the detrimental effects on visibility and public health. To discover the potential health effects of the haze, oxidative capacities of airborne particles collected in Beijing during haze and clear days were comparably assessed by a plasmid scission assay. Eleven water-soluble trace elements （As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, Se, T1, and Zn） in the size-segregated airborne particles were quantitatively analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and most of the water- soluble trace elements were found to mainly concentrate in the fine particle size of 0.56-1.0 μm. In comparison with clear days, the mass concentrations of 11 analyzed water-soluble trace elements remarkably increased during haze days, and the oxidative capacities determined by the plasmid scission assay were markedly elevated accordingly during the haze days under the same dosage of particles as for those during clear days. Water-soluble trace elements in airborne particles, such as Cu, V, and particularly Zn, were found to have significantly positive correlations with the plasmid DNA damage rates. Because Cu, V, and Zn have been considered as bioavailable elements, the evident increase of these elements during haze days may be greatly harmful to human health.