抗结核药物对乙肝病毒感染者肝功能的影响研究进展

目前临床治疗结核的药物普遍存在肝脏毒性,多种抗结核联合药物联合应用时这种毒性作用更佳明显。临床慢性HBV感染合并肺结核的现象十分常见,由于乙肝病毒本身对肝脏具有损伤作用,在抗结核治疗时,这种肝脏毒性作用显得更为严重。本研究总结分析抗结核药物对乙肝病毒感染者肝功能影响的临床表现、发生机制、影响因素及防治策略,以指导临床对乙肝病毒感染的肺结核患者合理选择治疗方案,最终减少对肝功能的影响。

Direct Analysis of Whole Blood by a Disposable Monolithic Column Mass Spectrometry Analysis Kit

A monolithic column-based mass spectrometry(MS)analysis kit was prepared for whole blood analysis with MS.The kit is disposable and can be used for purification,storage,transportation and direct analysis of whole blood.The kit mainly consists of a capillary for quantitative microsampling,a cation exchange monolithic column for purification and storage,and a syringe for loading sample.This kit is very friendly to various users that one can easily siphon the blood in the kit followed by rapid clean-up.We established a quantitative method using the kit with a limit detection as low as 0.33 nmol/L,and achieved more than five orders of magnitude enhancement in sensitivity compared to direct nanoelectrospray ionization MS analysis.The column can avoid analyte exposure to environment,which helps the storage of the sample for laboratory analysis.The relative standard deviation of immediate blood analysis and storage blood analysis within 10 d was less than 10%.This method has been successfully applied to the quantitative analysis of procainamide hydrochloride in 2μL rat blood.These results indicate that this disposable kit does have the potential to achieve highly sensitive quantitative MS analysis in biological samples,which is expected to become a cost-effective and powerful tool for in vitro diagnostics.

Trajectory prediction of ballistic missiles using Gaussian process error model

Ballistic Missile Trajectory Prediction(BMTP)is critical to air defense systems.Most Trajectory Prediction(TP)methods focus on the coast and reentry phases,in which the Ballistic Missile(BM)trajectories are modeled as ellipses or the state components are propagated by the dynamic integral equations on time scales.In contrast,the boost-phase TP is more challenging because there are many unknown forces acting on the BM in this phase.To tackle this difficult problem,a novel BMTP method by using Gaussian Processes(GPs)is proposed in this paper.In particular,the GP is employed to train the prediction error model of the boost-phase trajectory database,in which the error refers to the difference between the true BM state at the prediction moment and the integral extrapolation of the BM state.And the final BMTP is a combination of the dynamic equation based numerical integration and the GP-based prediction error.Since the trained GP aims to capture the relationship between the numerical integration and the unknown error,the modified BM state prediction is closer to the true one compared with the original TP.Furthermore,the GP is able to output the uncertainty information of the TP,which is of great significance for determining the warning range centered on the predicted BM state.Simulation results show that the proposed method effectively improves the BMTP accuracy during the boost phase and provides reliable uncertainty estimation boundaries.

Neophaseic acid catabolism in the 90 -hydroxylation pathway of abscisic acid in Arabidopsis thaliana

Abscisic acid(ABA)hydroxylation is an important pathway for ABA inactivation and homeostasis maintenance.Here,we discover a new downstream catabolite of neophaseic acid(neoPA)in the ABA 90-hydroxyl pathway and identify it as epi-neodihydrophaseic acid(epi-neoDPA)by comparing its accurate mass,retention time,and MSn spectra with those of our chemically synthesized epi-neoDPA.Analyses of Arabidopsis seed germination and ABA-related gene expression reveal that neoPA rather than epi-neoDPA possesses ABA-like hormonal activity.In vitro enzyme activity tests of prokaryotic recombinant protein reveal that NeoPAR1(neoPA reductase 1)identified from Arabidopsis converts neoPA into epi-neoDPA.Sitedirected mutation at Tyr163 in the conserved motif of NeoPAR1 abolishes the catalytic activity of NeoPAR1.Accelerated seed germination was observed in NeoPAR1 knockdown and knockout mutants,whereas retarded seed germination and the accumulation of epi-neoDPA and ABA were observed in NeoPAR1 overexpression lines,suggesting that NeoPAR1 is involved in seed germination and maintenance of ABA homeostasis.