莫斯科大停电分析及启示

详细分析了莫斯科大停电事故发生、发展阶段调度运行人员在安排方式、限制负荷等方面存在的问题,指出接近极限输电、稳定控制装置配置不完善、运行人员培训不利、电网建设滞后等是事故的深层次原因。提出了为吸取莫斯科大停电的教训,我国应从加强第三道防线建设、加强无功电源建设及管理、加快电网建设等硬件方面及坚持统一调度分级管理、加强运行及设备监视、加强调度人员培训等软件建设等方面应作好的相关工作。

Tall gastrodis tuber combined with antiepileptic drugs repairs abnormal perfusion foci in focal epilepsy

One hundred patients with focal epilepsy were recruited for the present study and their seizures controlled with antiepileptic drugs. The patients then orally received a capsule of tall gastrodis tuber powder, a traditional Chinese drug, and underwent single photon emission computed tomography, long-term electroencephalogram, and CT/MRI. Blood drug levels were monitored throughout the study. Before treatment with tall gastrodis tuber, 35 of the 100 cases had abnormal CT/MRI scans; 79 cases had abnormal single photon emission computed tomography images; 86 cases had abnormal electroencephalogram; and a total of 146 abnormal perfusion foci were observed across the 100 subjects. After treatment, the number of patients with normal single photon emission computed tomography images increased by 12; normal electroencephalogram was observed in an additional 27 cases and the number of patients with epileptiform discharge decreased by 29 （34% of 86）; the total number of abnormal perfusion foci decreased by 52 （36%） and changes in abnormal loci were visible in 65 patients. These changes indicate that the administration of tall gastrodis tuber in combination with antiepileptic drugs repairs abnormal perfusion foci in patients with focal epilepsy Our results demonstrate that traditional Chinese drugs can repair abnormal perfusion foci and, as such, are a promising new pathway in the treatment of focal epilepsy.

Application of S-transform threshold filtering in Anhui experiment airgun sounding data de-noising

As a relatively new method of processing non-stationary signal with high time-frequency resolution, S transform can be used to analyze the time-frequency characteristics of seismic signals. It has the following characteristics: its time-frequency resolution corresponding to the signal frequency, reversible inverse transform, basic wavelet that does not have to meet the permit conditions. We combined the threshold method, proposed the S-transform threshold filtering on the basis of S transform timefrequency filtering, and processed airgun seismic records from temporary stations in "Yangtze Program"(the Anhui experiment). Compared with the results of the bandpass filtering, the S transform threshold filtering can improve the signal to noise ratio(SNR) of seismic waves and provide effective help for first arrival pickup and accurate travel time. The first arrival wave seismic phase can be traced farther continuously, and the Pm seismic phase in the subsequent zone is also highlighted.

Regional characteristics of the lithospheric structure in the southeast of North China revealed by explosion seismology

Based on the blasting seismic detection data obtained in the southeast of North China in recent years,this paper comprehensively analyzes and studies the crust-mantle lithospheric structure and seismological characteristics of different tectonic regions,such as offshore basins,west Shandong uplift,Tanlu fault zone and Jiangsu-Shandong orogenic belt.The low-velocity Pg waves in Dongying depression and Northern Jiangsu basin reveal the unstable basement structure with extremely thick sediments.The travel time of Pg wave is characterized by relatively low propagation velocity and small crustal thickness of offshore continental margin;the first break time and high apparent velocity of Pg wave in west Shandong uplift indicate that the sedimentary basement is relatively thin.The Pm wave shows the characteristic of dominant wave in the first-order velocity discontinuity of the crust-mantle interface,which reflects the high crustal velocity and stable structure in west Shandong uplift.The Pm and Pl wave are obviously complicated,which can reflect the crust-mantle lithospheric structure of the transitional zone between Tanlu fault zone and Jiangsu-Shandong orogenic belt.The small time difference between Pn and PL waves can be regarded as the highly destructive seismological manifestation of Tanlu fault zone on the crust-lithosphere scale.Based on many geophysical phenomena such as electrical structure,density structure and terrestrial heat flow,it is believed that the lithospheric destruction degree of Tanlu fault zone and Jiangsu-Shandong orogenic belt was high during the destruction of the North China Craton.

Study on the basement structure in the southeastern North China by blasting seismic

Since the Mesozoic, southeastern North China Craton has experienced intense crustal thinning and lithosphere destruction. Some of the responses of the deep activity in the upper crust crystalline basement have been retained in a series of tectonic evolution. The study of the upper crust velocity structure,especially the properties of the basement interface, is of great significance for studying the tectonic evolution and seismic hazard in the southeastern part of North China. In this study, we selected Pg waves of the blasting seismic data in the southeastern part of North China in recent years, which reflect the west Shandong uplift, offshore sedimentary basins and the Tanlu Fault zone and the Sulu orogenic transition zone, to study the structural and seismological characteristics of basement in North China Craton. The results of this study showed as follows: First, the obvious lag of Pg wave arrival time in Dongying depression and North Jiangsu basin reveals the thick sedimentary, low velocity and unstable basement structure. Second, the advance Pg wave arrival time with high apparent velocity, which reflects the basement structure of the west Shandong uplift, indicates the thin sediments and the shallow basement. Third, combined with many geophysical phenomena, such as electrical structure, density structure and terrestrial heat flow, we hold that the Tanlu tectonic belt and the Sulu orogenic belt have experienced great lithosphere destruction and there is shallow crust and the thinnest lithosphere in the vicinity of the Tanlu fault zone.

Test the effectiveness of building safety guidance signs in a T-junction corridor based on eye movement data

Evacuation signs are a key factor in the effectiveness of occupants'urgent escape from buildings.Different sign features may have disparate impacts on individual and crowd behavior.This study aims to quantitatively inves-tigate the effectiveness of building evacuation signs with different features during pedestrian evacuation using eye-tracking devices.Ten experiments were conducted in a building in T-junction scenarios,and four sets of features related to evacuation signs(color,position,graphics,and flashing)were considered.SMI BeGaze was used to analyze the eye movements of the occupants.The fixation duration of the evacuees and the ratio of signs detected and followed were quantitatively derived and compared for each experiment.The results show that it is easier for evacuees to detect signs at a low sightline,and signs posted at that level of sight can provide better guidance.When signs are posted high up,red signs are easier to detect than green signs.Most evacuees prefer to follow the evacuation signs once they detect them;however,there is no significant difference in the effect of what is posted on the evacuation signs,such as a running man or an arrow.Conversely,flashing of signs is highly helpful in influencing evacuees'behavior,but flashing is not helpful in detecting signs.More importantly,red signs with a running man graphic located in a low position have the best guiding effects on evacuees.The fixa-tion behaviors of evacuees vary according to sign features,particularly in regard to flashing and color.Evacuees stare longer at twinkling signs.Differences in the colors and positions of signs result in significantly different perceptual behaviors among evacuees.Our findings are useful for building designers and provide guidance for developing effective evacuation strategies.

Does a large group of pedestrians follow the evacuation signs?An experimental study

Guidance signs are generally considered to be key in improving the efficiency of emergency building evacuations.During a group evacuation,how obedient is the group to the evacuation signs?Would different evacuation signs affect the judgment of evacuated groups?Evacuation experiments were conducted to explore the influence of evacuation signs on the path selection of evacuation groups.Fourteen classes with 514 participants participated in these experiments,and each class participated in one experiment.Six classes conducted the experiments without guidance signs,and the rest conducted the experiments with guidance signs.The influences of the sign’s color(red and green),pattern(arrow and running man),and status(whether it flashes)on the route selection were studied.The results show that(1)the evacuation signs significantly affect the route choices of the evacuated groups.(2)The herding effect during the evacuation process does not influence the guiding effect of evacuation signs.(3)Evacuation signs of different colors and patterns have different guiding effects,and the Green running man sign has the best effect.(4)The constant bright,or flashing evacuation sign corresponding to the flashing Red running man has a significant impact on the route selection of the evacuated group.The results may provide a reference for improving the emergency evacuation guidance model of office buildings or other buildings with a large flow of people and optimize ideas for the design and layout of emergency evacuation signs.

文明互鉴视域下的中外医学交流——以诃黎勒入华途径为例

诃黎勒在欧亚各文化间有广泛的使用记录,本文通过语言流变、出土文献、传世文献等多重证据,通过诃黎勒命名的演变来构建其入华传播的可能历史路线,以此展现古代文明间交往、传播、互鉴的历史图景,探讨这种外来药物在不同文化间的传播史。