Durable K-ion batteries with 100%capacity retention up to 40,000 cycles

Currently,the major challenge in terms of research on K-ion batteries is to ensure that they possess satisfactory cycle stability and specific capacity,especially in terms of the intrinsically sluggish kinetics induced by the large radius of K+ions.Here,we explore high-performance K-ion half/full batteries with high rate capability,high specific capacity,and extremely durable cycle stability based on carbon nanosheets with tailored N dopants,which can alleviate the change of volume,increase electronic conductivity,and enhance the K+ion adsorption.The as-assembled K-ion half-batteries show an excellent rate capability of 468 mA h g^(−1) at 100 mA g^(−1),which is superior to those of most carbon materials reported to date.Moreover,the as-assembled half-cells have an outstanding life span,running 40,000 cycles over 8 months with a specific capacity retention of 100%at a high current density of 2000 mA g^(−1),and the target full cells deliver a high reversible specific capacity of 146 mA h g^(−1) after 2000 cycles over 2 months,with a specific capacity retention of 113%at a high current density of 500 mA g^(−1),both of which are state of the art in the field of K-ion batteries.This study might provide some insights into and potential avenues for exploration of advanced K-ion batteries with durable stability for practical applications.

基于炎症神经卡压探讨盐酸青藤碱定点水针刀松解治疗腰椎间盘突出症疗效评价

目的分析应用盐酸青藤碱定点水针刀松解治疗腰椎间盘突出症的效果。方法选取2020年1月至2021年12月南昌市洪都中医院收治的60例腰椎间盘突出症患者,按照随机抽签法以1∶1的比例分为对照组和试验组。对照组应用水针刀松解治疗,试验组则应用盐酸青藤碱定点水针刀松解治疗。对比两组治疗前后疼痛程度、腰椎综合能力评定、实验室指标。结果连续治疗1个疗程后,试验组视觉类比量表(VAS)评分、腰椎综合能力(ODI)指数及C反应蛋白、血清淀粉样蛋白A均低于对照组,而功能独立性测评表(FIM)评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论盐酸青藤碱定点水针刀松解治疗腰椎间盘突出症效果显著,能明显降低患者体内的炎症状态和疼痛程度,从而提升患者腰椎的综合能力,建议临床推广。

Small incision lenticule extraction and femtosecond-assisted laser in situ keratomileusis in patients with deep corneal opacity:case series

AIM:To report the safety,efficacy,and accuracy of small-incision lenticule extraction(SMILE)or femtosecondassisted laser in situ keratomileusis(FS-LASIK)for the correction of myopia or myopic astigmatism in patients with deep corneal opacity denoted by anterior segment optical coherence tomography(AS-OCT).METHODS:Four patients with monocular corneal opacity(3 due to mechanical injury,1 due to a firecracker wound)were recruited and treated with refractive surgery(3 for SMILE,1 for FS-LASIK combined with limbal relaxing incision(LRI).Preoperative ocular manifestations,surgical details,postoperative visual outcomes,corneal opacity parameters,and corneal topography were analyzed.RESULTS:Preoperatively,spherical diopter ranged from-3.0 D to-4.75 D with cylinder ranging from-0.75 to-5.0 D,and corrected distance visual acuity(CDVA)ranging from 20/25 to 20/20.One eye’s corneal opacity was located in the central zone and three were in the mid-peripheral optical zone.Three patients underwent uneventful SMILE in both eyes,whilst one patient underwent FS-LASIK for high astigmatism in both eyes and LRI in the right eye.CDVA of the eye with corneal opacity ranged from 20/22to 20/20 one to six weeks postoperatively.Two patients achieved better CDVA and no patients lost Snellen lines.The postoperative diopter was within±0.75 D for all eyes.Significant edema existed above the corneal opacity in one eye and dissipated soon.No eccentric corneal topography or morphological anomaly of the corneal cap or flap was observed.CONCLUSION:The cases demonstrate that SMILE or FS-LASIK is safe and effective to treat myopic astigmatism combined with deep corneal opacity lesions after comprehensive preoperative evaluation and appropriate candidate selection.FS-LASIK combined with LRI is also sufficient for correcting high astigmatism due to corneal scarring.

Air-condition process for scalable fabrication of CdS/ZnS 1D/2D heterojunctions toward efficient and stable photocatalytic hydrogen production

We report the scalable fabrication of CdS/ZnS 1D/2D heterojunctions under ambient air conditions(i.e.,room temperature and atmospheric pressure)in which ZnS nanoparticles are anchored on the surface of CdS nanosheets.The as-formed heterojunctions exhibit a significantly enhanced photocatalytic H_(2) evolution rate of 14.02 mmol h^(-1) g^(-1) when irradiated with visible light,which is~10 and 85 times higher than those of pristine CdS nanosheets and CdS nanoparticles,respectively,and superior to most of the CdS-based photocatalysts reported to date.Furthermore,they provide robust photocatalytic performance with demonstratable stability over 58 h,indicating their potential for practical applications.The formation of 1D/2D heterojunctions not only provides improved exposed active sites that respond to illumination but also provides a rapid pathway to generate photogenerated carriers for efficient separation and transfer through the matrix of single-crystalline CdS nanosheets.In addition,first-principles simulations demonstrate that the existence of rich Zn vacancies increases the energy level of the ZnS valence band maximum to construct type-II and Z-scheme mixed heterojunctions,which plays a critical role in suppressing the recombination of carriers with limited photocorrosion of CdS to enhance photocatalytic behavior.

正清风痛宁定点注射联合关节松动术治疗肩周炎的疗效观察

目的探讨正清风痛宁定点注射联合关节松动术治疗肩周炎的临床疗效。方法将2017年10月—2017年12月前来我康复一科就诊的300例肩周炎患者作为研究对象,并采用随机分组对照试验。对照组150例予以关节松动术单一治疗,治疗组150例予以正清风痛宁定点注射联合关节松动术治疗。比较两组患者治疗前后VAS疼痛评分、肩关节活动度评分(Melle评分)和自拟疗效评判。结果治疗后两组患者VAS评分均有不同程度地下降,且治疗组VAS评分显著低于对照组(P <0. 05);治疗后两组Melle评分都有明显降低,其中治疗组Melle评分较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05);治疗组经自拟疗效评判总有效率为89. 3%,而对照组治疗总有效率仅为46%,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。结论正清风痛宁定点注射联合关节松动术治疗肩周炎的临床疗效突出,有利于缓解肩关节的疼痛,促进肩关节功能活动的恢复,适合在临床展开一定的推广。

针刺联合推拿对神经根型颈椎病患者疼痛及颈椎功能康复的影响

目的探讨针刺联合辨证推拿对神经根型颈椎病(Cervical spondylotic radiculopathy,CSR)患者疼痛及颈椎功能康复的影响。方法选取2018年3月—2020年3月南昌市洪都中医院收治的82例神经根型颈椎病患者,随机分为2组,每组41例。对照组采用针刺治疗,观察组在对照组基础上实施辨证推拿治疗。比较2组干预14 d后临床疗效、干预前和干预14 d后疼痛自评量表(Visual analogue scale,VAS)评分、颈椎功能康复情况。结果干预后,观察组治疗总有效率为97.56%(40/41),高于对照组78.05%(32/41);VAS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预14 d后,观察组颈椎活动度评分为(3.95±0.56)分,高于对照组的(3.14±0.53)分;颈椎生理曲度(7.92±1.04)°,大于对照组的(6.68±1.02)°,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论针刺联合辨证推拿治疗CSR能够提高临床疗效,减轻CSR患者疼痛,促进颈椎功能康复。

迷宫密封磨损失效泄漏特性和防碰磨结构设计研究

针对某单级高速离心鼓风机轴端迷宫密封碰磨失效的问题,基于工程实际迷宫密封齿磨损图样,建立了迷宫密封齿弯曲磨损失效模型,提出了“齿顶凹槽”迷宫密封防碰磨结构设计方法。采用实验校核的定常求解三维Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS)方程的数值方法,研究了密封齿弯曲磨损和“齿顶凹槽”防碰磨结构对迷宫密封泄漏特性的影响规律。计算分析了4种弯曲磨损系数B=0,0.1,0.2,0.3,4种凹槽径向深度H/s=0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0和5种凹槽轴向宽度L/s=2.2,2.5,3.0,3.5,4.0的迷宫密封的泄漏量、密封腔流场结构,获得了迷宫密封碰磨失效的判断依据和“齿顶凹槽”防碰磨结构的优化参数。结果表明:鼓风机变工况时,迷宫密封泄漏量随进口压力的增大而线性增大;相同运行工况下,密封泄漏量随密封齿弯曲磨损程度的增大而显著增大;当密封齿磨损量达到B≥1.0时,密封泄漏量达到了设计值的2倍,无法满足机组运行对轴端封严的要求,即发生了密封磨损失效;齿顶凹槽防碰磨结构设计不仅能适应转子的径向振动和轴向窜动,在一定程度上避免迷宫密封磨损失效,还可以减小密封泄漏量(约10%),提高密封的性能。

Preparation of nano-TiO_2/diatomite-based porous ceramics and their photocatalytic kinetics for formaldehyde degradation

Diatomite-based porous ceramics were adopted as carriers to immobilize nano-TiO2 via a hydrolysis-deposition technique. The thermal degradation of as-prepared composites was investigated using thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis, and the phase and microstructure were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The results indicated that the carriers were encapsulated by nano-TiO2 with a thickness of 300-450 nm. The main crystalline phase of TiO2 calcined at 650~C was anatase, and the average grain size was 8.3 nm. The FT-IR absorption bands at 955.38 cm1 suggested that new chemical bonds among Ti, O, and Si had formed in the composites. The photocatalytic （PC） activity of the composites was investigated un- der UV irradiation. Furthermore, the photodegradation kinetics of formaldehyde was investigated using the composites as the cores of an air cleaner. A kinetics study showed that the reaction rate constants of the gas-phase PC reaction of formaldehyde were k = 0.576 mg＇m3·min^-1 and K = 0.048 m3/mg.

Ubiquitin-specific protease 15 contributes to gastric cancer progression by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway

BACKGROUND Ubiquitin-specific protease 15(USP15)is an important member of the ubiquitinspecific protease family,the largest deubiquitinase subfamily,whose expression is dysregulated in many types of cancer.However,the biological function and the underlying mechanisms of USP15 in gastric cancer(GC)progression have not been elucidated.AIM To explore the biological role and underlying mechanisms of USP15 in GC progression.METHODS Bioinformatics databases and western blot analysis were utilized to determine the expression of USP15 in GC.Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate the correlation between USP15 expression and clinicopathological characteristics of patients with GC.A loss-and gain-of-function experiment was used to investigate the biological effects of USP15 on GC carcinogenesis.RNA sequencing,immunofluorescence,and western blotting were performed to explore the potential mechanism by which USP15 exerts its oncogenic functions.RESULTS USP15 was up-regulated in GC tissue and cell lines.The expression level of USP15 was positively correlated with clinical characteristics(tumor size,depth of invasion,lymph node involvement,tumor-node-metastasis stage,perineural invasion,and vascular invasion),and was related to poor prognosis.USP15 knockdown significantly inhibited cell proliferation,invasion and epithelialmesenchymal transition(EMT)of GC in vitro,while overexpression of USP15 promoted these processes.Knockdown of USP15 inhibited tumor growth in vivo.Mechanistically,RNA sequencing analysis showed that USP15 regulated the Wnt signaling pathway in GC.Western blotting confirmed that USP15 silencing led to significant down-regulation ofβ-catenin and Wnt/β-catenin downstream genes(c-myc and cyclin D1),while overexpression of USP15 yielded an opposite result and USP15 mutation had no change.Immunofluorescence indicated that USP15 promoted nuclear translocation ofβ-catenin,suggesting activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,which may be the critical mechanism promoting GC progression.Finally,rescue experiments showed that the effect of USP15 on gastric cancer progression was dependent on Wnt/β-catenin pathway.CONCLUSION USP15 promotes cell proliferation,invasion and EMT progression of GC via regulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway,which suggests that USP15 is a novel potential therapeutic target for GC.

The investigation of OH radicals produced in a DC glow discharge by laser-induced fluorescence spectrometry

In this paper the OH radicals produced by a needle-plate negative DC discharge in water vapor,N_(2)+H_(2)O mixture gas and He+H_(2)O mixture gas are investigated by a laser-induced fluorescence(LIF)system.With a ballast resistor in the circuit,the discharge current is limited and the discharges remain in glow.The OH rotation temperature is obtained from fluorescence rotational branch fitting,and is about 350 K in pure water vapor.The effects of the discharge current and gas pressure on the production and quenching processes of OH radicals are investigated.The results show that in water vapor and He+H_(2)O mixture gas the fluorescence intensity of OH stays nearly constant with increasing discharge current,and in N_(2)+H_(2)O mixture gas the fluorescence intensity of OH increases with increasing discharge current.In water vapor and N_(2)+H_(2)O mixture gas the fluorescence intensity of OH decreases with increasing gas pressure in the studied pressure range,and in He+H_(2)O mixture gas the fluorescence intensity of OH shows a maximum value within the studied gas pressure range.The physicochemical reactions between electrons,radicals,ground and metastable molecules are discussed.The results in this work contribute to the optimization of plasma reactivity and the establishment of a molecule reaction dynamics model.

A Review of Effects of Heat Stress on Substance and Energy Metabolism in Muscle

Environmental temperature is a major factor affecting animal performance in South China. With global warming, heat stress will become more and more serious. This paper reviewed the effects of heat stress on metabolism of proteins, glucose, fat and energy in skeletal muscle and related mechanisms so as to provide theoretical guidance for alleviating heat stress and improving production performance of animal suffering from heat stress.

Effects of asymmetric rolling process on ridging resistance of ultra-purified 17%Cr ferritic stainless steel

In ferritic stainless steels, a significant non-uniform recrystallization orientation and a substantial texture gradient usually occur, which can degrade the ridging resistance of the final sheets. To improve the homogeneity of the recrystallization orientation and reduce the texture gradient in ultra-purified 17%Cr ferritic stainless steel, in this work, we performed conventional and asymmetric rolling processes and conducted macro and micro-texture analyses to investigate texture evolution under different cold-rolling conditions. In the conventional rolling specimens, we observed that the deformation was not uniform in the thickness direction, whereas there was homogeneous shear deformation in the asymmetric rolling specimens as well as the formation of uniform recrystallized grains and random orientation grains in the final annealing sheets. As such, the ridging resistance of the final sheets was significantly improved by employing the asymmetric rolling process. This result indicates with certainty that the texture gradient and orientation inhomogeneity can be attributed to non-uniform deformation, whereas the uniform orientation gradient in the thickness direction is explained by the increased number of shear bands obtained in the asymmetric rolling process.

Activated persulfate by DBD plasma and activated carbon for the degradation of acid orange Ⅱ

In this study, the effect of activated peroxydisulfate(PDS) by dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) plasma and activated carbon(HGAC) on the removal of acid orange Ⅱ(AOⅡ) was investigated. The effects of applied voltage, PDS dosage, HGAC dosage, initial pH value, and inorganic anions on the removal rate of AOⅡ were discussed. The main free radicals degrading azo dyes during the experiment were also studied. Experimental results show that the removal rate of AOⅡ in DBD/HGAC/PDS synergistic system is much higher than that in the single system. With the applied voltage of 16 kV, HGAC dosage of 1 g l-1, PDS and AOⅡ molar ratio of 200:1, initial pH value of 5.4 and concentration of AOⅡ solution of 20 mg l-1, the removal rate of AOⅡ reached 97.6% in DBD/HGAC/PDS process after 28 min of reaction.Acidic and neutral conditions are beneficial for AOⅡ removal. Sulfate and hydroxyl radicals play an important role in the removal of AOⅡ. Inorganic anions are not conducive to the removal of AOⅡ.

Special issue on selected papers from HVDP 2018

This special issue contains the selected papers from the 2018 National Conference on High Voltage and Discharge Plasmas (HVDP 2018) in Nanjing, China, 12-14October, hosted by the Committee of Plasmas and Applications, China Electrotechnical Society. Over 650 participates from more than 150 universities, research institutes, and enterprises all over China attended the conference and delivered 458presentations, including 32 invited talks, 260 oral presentations and 196 posters.This well-established event provides a full scale assembly of contributions from areas of high voltage, pulsed power technology as well as basic theories and applications of discharge plasma.

Design and characteristics investigation of a miniature low-temperature plasma spark discharge device

Atmospheric pressure low-temperature plasma is a promising tool in biomedicine applications including blood coagulation,bacterial inactivation,sterilization,and cancer treatment,due to its high chemical activity and limited thermal damage.It is of great importance to develop portable plasma sources that are safe to human touch and suitable for outdoor and household operation.In this work,a portable and rechargeable low-temperature plasma spark discharge device(130 mm×80 mm×35 mm,300 g)was designed.The discharge frequency and plume length were optimized by the selection of resistance,capacitance,electrode gap,and ground electrode aperture.Results show that the spark plasma plume is generated with a length of 12 mm and a frequency of 10 Hz at a capacitance of 0.33μF.resistance of 1 MΩ,electrode gap of 2 mm,and ground electrode aperture of 1.5 mm.Biological tests indicate that the plasma produced by this device contains abundant reactive species,which can be applied in plasma biomedicine,including daily sterilization and wound healing.

Self-assembled interlayer aiming at the stability of NiOx based perovskite solar cells

Inorganic NiO_(x) based inverted structure perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is reported to be more stable than that with the organic hole transport materials.In this work,NiO_(x)/MAPbI_(3) interface chemical reaction induced instability of perovskite is unveiled:Ni^(3+) and I^(-) exhibit redox reactions and deprotonation of MA^(+) happens,which result in interface defects and perovskite lattice deformation.Thus the defective interface accelerates the degradation of perovskite by defect pathways from the bottom interface to the perovskite surface contacting H_(2)O/O_(2).Self-assembled interlayer of NH_(2)^(-)end silane on NiO_(x)separates the reactive NiO_(x)and MAPbI_(3),tunes the interface energy states by–NH_(2) end group.As a result,the PSC based on the silane treated NiO_(x)achieves enhanced PCE of 20.1%with decent stability under environmental and extreme conditions (high temperature,high humidity,light infiltration).Our work highlights the interface chemical problem induced PSC instability and a simple interface modification to achieve the stable PSCs.

Plasma electrolytic liquefaction of sawdust

As a renewable carbon resource, biomass can be converted into polyols, aromatic hydrocarbons, alkanes, and other products by traditional catalytic liquefaction method, which has been widely used in production and life. The efficient development and utilization of biomass energy will play a very positive role in solving the problems of energy and ecological environment. A way of combining the plasma electrolysis with traditional catalytic liquefaction realizes the efficient liquefaction of sawdust, which provides a new liquefaction way for traditional biomass conversion. In this experiment, the effects of solution composition, catalyst content and power supply on solution resistance and liquefaction rate are analyzed.It is found that solution composition and catalyst content have a great influence on solution resistance. The results show that the liquefaction rate is highest and the resistance is smallest when the solution resistance is 500 ?. The liquefaction rate is greatly affected by the solution temperature, and the solution temperature is determined by the output power between the two electrodes. The output power includes the heating power of the electric field and the discharge power of the plasma.We measure the electric potential field distribution in the solution and the plasma power. It is found that the output power between the two poles increases nonlinearly(from 0 to 270 W) with time. In two minutes, the electric field heating power increases from 0 to 105 W and then decreases to 70 W, while the plasma power increases from 0 to 200 W. It is well known that in the first 70 seconds of the experiment the electric field heating is dominant, and then the plasma heating turns into a main thermal source. In this paper, plasma electrolysis and traditional catalytic liquefaction are combined to achieve the efficient liquefaction of sawdust, which provides a new way for biomass liquefaction.

Development of a battery-operated floating-electrode dielectric barrier discharge plasma device and its characteristics

In this work,a portable floating-electrode dielectric barrier discharge(FE-DBD)device is designed with a rechargeable battery as the power supply.The characteristics of the FE-DBD with a metal electrode and human hand are studied and compared.The human contact safety is verified by calculating the current through the human body based on the equivalent circuit model.Escherichia coli inactivation experiments confirm the efficacy of the FE-DBD device in the envisaged applications.

Signaling Pathways and Molecular Mechanisms of Oxidative Stress in Skeletal Muscle

Oxidative stress is a major factor affecting animal health and production performance. This paper briefly introduced the signaling pathways(i.e. NF-κB signaling pathway, MAPK, AP-1 and PGC-1α) of oxidative stress and the main genes regulating the signals of oxidative stress in skeletal muscle, providing a theoretical basis for reducing oxidative stress damage.

Socio-economic disparity in visual impairment from cataract

AIM:To investigate the association of visual impairment from cataract with human development index(HDI)by years lived with disability(YLDs).METHODS:Published data on national age-standardized YLD rates caused by cataract and national HDIs in 2019 were obtained.Age-standardized YLD rates from 1990 to 2019 were analyzed to explore cataract burden among patients with different income levels.Age-standardized YLD rates in different HDI groups were compared by different degrees of visual impairment.Association between national age-standardized YLD rates and HDI in 2019 was analyzed.RESULTS:The age-standardized YLD rates of populations with visual impairment or blindness due to cataract declined from 1990 to 2019,especially among those with lower middle income.Multiple comparison tests revealed that countries with low HDI had significantly higher agestandardized YLD rates of blindness due to cataract than those with high and very high HDI(P<0.001).The agestandardized YLD rates of populations with blindness(β=-0.588,P<0.001),severe vision loss(β=-0.378,P<0.001),and moderate vision loss(β=-0.389,P<0.001)inversely correlated with HDI.CONCLUSION:Age-standardized YLD rates caused by cataract have declined since 1990.The burden of visual impairment due to cataract inversely correlate with national socioeconomic development and is more concentrated in countries with low HDI than those with high HDI,especially among the blind.These findings highlight the need to provide additional cataract services and cataract surgery coverage to developing countries to decrease the burden of avoidable blindness caused by cataract.