Differentially expressed protein and gene analysis revealed the effects of temperature on changes in ascorbic acid metabolism in harvested tea leaves

Tea is an important non-alcoholic beverage worldwide.Tea quality is determined by numerous secondary metabolites in harvested tea leaves,including tea polyphenols,theanine,caffeine,and ascorbic acid(AsA).AsA metabolism in harvested tea leaves is affected by storage and transportation temperature.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying AsA metabolism in harvested tea leaves exposed to different storage and transportation temperature conditions remain unclear.Here we performed RP-HPLC to detect dynamic changes in AsA content in tea leaves subjected to high-(38°C),low-(4°C),or room-temperature(25°C)treatments.The AsA distribution and levels in the treated tea leaves were analyzed using cytological–anatomical characterization methods.The differentially expressed CsAPX1 and CsDHAR2 proteins,which are involved in the AsA recycling pathway,were identified from the corresponding proteomic data using iTRAQ.We also analyzed the expression profiles of 18 genes involved in AsA metabolism,including CsAPX1 and CsDHAR2.AsA was mainly distributed in tea leaf mesophyll cells.High-and low-temperature treatments upregulated the CsAPX1 and CsDHAR2 proteins and induced CsAPX and CsDHAR2 gene expression.These results indicated that the CsAPX1 and CsDHAR2 proteins might have critical roles in AsA recycling in tea leaves.Our results provide a foundation for the in-depth investigation of AsA metabolism in tea leaves during storage and transportation,and they will promote better tea flavor in tea production.

Effects of targeted-edited oncogenic insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor with specific-sgRNA on biological behaviors of Hep G2 cells

BACKGROUND Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor(IGF-1R)is over-expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,the relationship between IGF-1R activation and HCC progression remains unidentified.AIM To investigate the effects of editing IGF-1R on the biological features of HCC cells.METHODS Immunohistochemistry analyzed the expressions of IGF-1R and P-glyco protein(P-gp)in HCC tissues and their distal non-cancerous tissues(non-Ca).IGF-1R was edited with Crispr/Cas9 system,screened specific sg RNAs,and then transfected into Hep G2 cells.CCK-8,scratch wound test detected cell proliferation,migration,invasion and transwell assays,respectively.Alterations of IGF-1R and P-gp were confirmed by Western blotting.Alterations of anti-cancer drug IC_(50)values were analyzed at the cell level.RESULTS The positive rates of IGF-1R(93.6%,χ~2=63.947)or P-gp(88.2%,χ~2=58.448)were significantly higher(P<0.001)in the HCC group than those(36.6%in IGF-1R or 26.9%in P-gp)in the non-Ca group.They were positively correlated between high IGF-1R and P-gp expression,and they were associated with hepatitis B virus infection and vascular invasion of HCC.Abnormal expressions of circulating IGF-1R and P-gp were confirmed and associated with HCC progression.Biological feature alterations of HCC cells transfected with specific sg RNA showed IGF-1R expression down-regulation,cell proliferation inhibition,cell invasion or migration potential decreasing,and enhancing susceptibility of Hep G2 cells to anti-cancer drugs.CONCLUSION Edited oncogenic IGF-1R was useful to inhibit biological behaviors of Hep G2 cells.

功能梯度圆柱壳瞬态动力响应的三维半解析状态空间求解方法（英文）

目的:研究任意边界条件下功能梯度圆柱壳瞬态动力响应的解析求解方法,并研究荷载、几何以及材料参数对结构瞬态动力响应的影响。创新点:提出一种功能梯度圆柱壳的瞬态动力响应半解析求解方法,并可以考虑任意边界条件。本文考虑四种边界条件:固支-固支、固支-简支、固支-自由和简支-简支。方法:1.提出任意边界条件下功能梯度圆柱壳的瞬态动力响应半解析求解方法;2.采用有限元方法计算成果,验证本方法的正确性;3.将本方法与其他理论方法计算得到的结构固有频率以及文献中试验得到的结构固有频率进行比较;4.研究荷载频率、长径比、内外径比以及功能梯度参数对于结构瞬态动力响应的影响。结论:1.提出一种功能梯度圆柱壳的瞬态动力响应半解析求解方法;2.与其他方法计算成果对比,验证了本方法的正确性;3.收敛性分析表明,随着长度方向采样点数和径向分层数的增加,计算结果迅速收敛。

空气溶入与扩散对高扬程虹吸管内空气积累影响(英文)

目的:探索长时间停流情况下高扬程虹吸管中空气累积现象的发生发展及其对虹吸持续工作的危害,并给出应对该现象的工程预防措施。创新点:利用物理模型实验,结合理论解析推导,得到高扬程虹吸管内空气累积的原因及关键影响因素,突破高扬程虹吸排水在少雨地区的使用局限,给出其长期适用的工程设计条件,对其在实际边坡工程中的推广应用提供理论技术指导。方法:通过物理模型试验,揭示长期停流虹吸管内出现空气累积的必然性;利用理论公式推导,对不同因素的影响结果进行对比分析,得出影响空气累积的主要因素。结论:1.溶于水的空气因压力降低而析出、管端空气溶入扩散到虹吸管顶部及温度变化引起空气析出等现象是无法避免的;其中,原有空气的析出及温度变化引起的空气累积是主要因素;2.边坡虹吸排水设计时进水端口距控制水位至少应预留2.05 m的地下水位上升余量,或者保持出水口的高程比进水口高程低4.1 m来保证析出空气段处于下水管中。

喷油嘴喷孔直径和长度自动测量方法的开发和应用（英文）

目的:直喷内燃机工作过程中,燃油通过喷油嘴上的微小喷孔(直径为100–200μm)输送到燃烧室内进行燃烧做功。为定量研究喷孔直径和长度等结构参数对燃油输运过程的影响,首先需要实现对这些结构参数的高精度测量。创新点:对喷油嘴喷孔入口和出口等重要结构特征进行精确地定义,实现喷油嘴微小喷孔的直径和长度的高精度自动测量。方法:1.基于同步辐射X射线CT扫描技术实现喷油嘴顶部结构的三维重构;2.结合几何学原理,从这些离散的三维数字结构数据中提取宏观几何特征参数。结论:1.对喷油嘴喷孔结构特征参数进行了精确地定义;2.基于微米级精度建立了喷油嘴喷孔直径和长度的自动测量方法,实现喷孔沿其轴线从入口到出口的直径分布的自动测量。

Auto-ignition and stabilization mechanism of diluted H_2 jet flame

The controllable active thermo-atmosphere combustor(CATAC) has become a utilizable and effective facility because it benefits the optical diagnostics and modeling. This paper presents the modeling research of the auto-ignition and flames of the H2/N2(H2/CH4/N2,or H2/H2O2/N2) mixture on a CATAC,and shows curves varying with temperatures of auto-ignition delay,the height of the site of auto-ignition of lifted flames,and flame lift-off height. The results of auto-ignition delay and the lift-off height are compared the experimental results to validate the model. A turning point can be seen on each curve,identified with criterion temperature. It can be concluded that when the co-flow temperature is higher than the criterion temperature,the auto-ignition and lifted flame of the mixture are not stable. Conversely,below the criterion temperature,the mixture will auto-ignite in a stable fashion. Stabilization mechanisms of auto-ignition and lifted flames are analyzed in terms of the criterion temperature.