AIM: To compare the sequencing of PCR products, pyro- sequencing, and real-time PCR for detection of Tyrosine- methionine-aspartate-aspartate (YMDD) mutants in patients with chronic hepatitis B. METHODS: Mixtures of p...AIM: To compare the sequencing of PCR products, pyro- sequencing, and real-time PCR for detection of Tyrosine- methionine-aspartate-aspartate (YMDD) mutants in patients with chronic hepatitis B. METHODS: Mixtures of plasmids and serum samples from 69 chronic hepatitis B patients treated with lamivu- dine were tested for YMDD mutations by sequencing of PCR products, pyrosequencing, and real-time PCR, re- spectively. Time required and reagent costs of the three assays were evaluated. RESULTS: Real-time PCR detected 100%, 50%, 10%, 1% and 0.1% of YVDD plasmid in mixtures with 106 copies/mL of YMDD plasmid, whereas sequencing and pyrosequencing only detected 100% and 50% of YVDD plasmid in aliquots of the corresponding mixtures. Com- pletely concordant results were obtained from 60 (87%) out of the 69 clinical serum samples by the three assays. Mutants were detected by real-time PCR in less than 20% of the total virus population, but no mutant was de- tected by sequencing and pyrosequencing. In addition, real-time PCR required less time and was more cost-ef- fective than the other two assays. However, throughput of pyrosequencing was the highest. CONCLUSION: Among the three assays compared, real-time PCR is the most sensitive, cost-effective, and time saving for monitoring YMDD mutants in patients with chronic hepatitis B on lamivudine therapy.展开更多
Objective： To investigate the clinic values of combining test of serum matrix metalloproteinase 9 （MMP-9）, acetyl heparinase （Hpa） and Cathepsin L （CL） in diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Methods： Serum levels of...Objective： To investigate the clinic values of combining test of serum matrix metalloproteinase 9 （MMP-9）, acetyl heparinase （Hpa） and Cathepsin L （CL） in diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Methods： Serum levels of MMP-9, Hpa and CL were detected in a total of 418 cases, including 217 cases with ovarian malignant tumor, 100 cases with ovarian benign tumor and 101 healthy controls, by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Their correlation with clinicopathologic feature of ovarian malignant tumor was analyzed and their diagnosis performance was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic （ROC）. The combined diagnosis model was established by logistic regression analysis. Results： The serum levels of MMP-9, Hpa and CL were significantly higher in patients with ovarian malignant tumor than in benign tumor and healthy control, the serum levels of CL and Hpa were higher in epithelial cancer than in non-epithelial tumor, and MMP-9, Hpa and CL were elevated in low grade and advanced stage compared to high grade and early stage. The sensitivity for diagnosis of ovarian malignant tumor from high to low was CL, Hpa and MMP-9, and the specificity was MMP-9, CL and Hpa. The united diagnosis model was established and showed the sensitivity and specificity of combined detection were 84.6% and 82.1%, respectively, which were significantly higher than a single tumor marker. Conclusion： Serum MMP-9, Hpa and CL were correlated with ovarian malignant tumor and the combined detection of which may be valuable for clinical diagnosis of ovarian malignant tumor.展开更多
At present,China's construction industry professionals are mainly migrant workers,the industry is characterized by population,fluidity big,poor living environment,workers'quality is generally not high,is a typ...At present,China's construction industry professionals are mainly migrant workers,the industry is characterized by population,fluidity big,poor living environment,workers'quality is generally not high,is a typical prone to the spread of the disease,as a result,public health and epidemic prevention work of the construction industry is an urgent need to pay attention to the problem.Based on field research,this paper adopts brainstorm method to construct the index of public health epidemic prevention system of construction projects.Through the establishment of the binary fuzzy analytic hierarchy process,the weight parameters of each epidemic prevention index are given.Then by using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and the designed two-point evaluation standard,the public health epidemic prevention ability evaluation system of the construction industry is constructed.Finally,the rationality and accuracy of the evaluation system are verified by the application analysis of specific engineering examples.The results show that the constructed public health epidemic prevention system has good applicability and can accurately and objectively reflect the public health epidemic prevention ability of the project department.展开更多
Background:The endoscopic transnasal approach has been proven to have advantages on the removal of the tumors in pterygopalatine fossa(PPF)and infratemporal fossa(ITF).Herein,this study aimed to describe a modified ap...Background:The endoscopic transnasal approach has been proven to have advantages on the removal of the tumors in pterygopalatine fossa(PPF)and infratemporal fossa(ITF).Herein,this study aimed to describe a modified approach for resection of the tumors in these areas,both in cadaveric specimen and clinical patients.Methods:The 20 adult cadaveric specimens and five patients with tumors in PPF and ITF were enrolled in this study.For the cadaveric specimens,ten were simulated anterior transmaxillary approach and ten were performed modified endoscopic transnasal transmaxillary approach.The exposure areas were compared between two groups and main anatomic structure were measured.Surgery was operated in the five patients with tumors of PPF and ITF to verify the experience from the anatomy.Perioperative management,intraoperative findings and postoperative complications were recorded and analyzed.Results:The modified endoscopic transnasal transmaxillary approach provided as enough surgical exposure and high operability to the PPF and ITF as the anterior transmaxillary approach did.The diameter of maxillary artery in the PPF was 3.77±0.78 mm(range:2.06-4.82mm),the diameter of middle meningeal artery in the ITF was 2.79±0.61 mm(range:1.54-3.78 mm).Four patients who suffered schwannoma got total removal and one of adenocystic carcinoma got subtotal removal.The main complications were facial numbness and pericoronitis of the wisdom tooth.No permanent complication was found.Conclusions:With the widespread use of neuroendoscopy,the modified endoscopic transnasal transmaxillary approach is feasible and effective for the resection of tumors located in PPF and ITF,which has significant advantages on less trauma and complications to the patients.展开更多
Background：The auditory brainstem implants （ABIs） have been used to treat deafness for patients with neurofibromatosis Type 2 and nontumor patients.The lack of an appropriate animal model has limited the study of i...Background：The auditory brainstem implants （ABIs） have been used to treat deafness for patients with neurofibromatosis Type 2 and nontumor patients.The lack of an appropriate animal model has limited the study of improving hearing rehabilitation by the device.This study aimed to establish an animal model of ABI in adult rhesus macaque monkey （Macaca mulatta）.Methods：Six adult rhesus macaque monkeys （M.mulatta） were included.Under general anesthesia,a multichannel ABI was implanted into the lateral recess of the fourth ventricle through the modified suboccipital-retrosigmoid （RS） approach.The electrical auditory brainstem response （EABR） waves were tested to ensure the optimal implant site.After the operation,the EABR and computed tomography （CT） were used to test and verify the effectiveness via electrophysiology and anatomy,respectively.The subjects underwent behavioral observation for 6 months,and the postoperative EABR was tested every two weeks from the 1st month after implant surgery.Result：The implant surgery lasted an average of 5.2 h,and no monkey died or sacrificed.The averaged latencies of peaks Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅳ were 1.27,2.34 and 3.98 ms,respectively in the ABR.One-peak EABR wave was elicited in the operation,and one-or two-peak waves were elicited during the postoperative period.The EABR wave latencies appeared to be constant under different stimulus intensities;however,the amplitudes increased as the stimulus increased within a certain scope.Conclusions：It is feasible and safe to implant ABIs in rhesus macaque monkeys （M.mulatta） through a modified suboccipital RS approach,and EABR and CT are valid tools for animal model establishment.In addition,this model should be an appropriate animal model for the electrophysiological and behavioral study of rhesus macaque monkey with ABI.展开更多
文摘AIM: To compare the sequencing of PCR products, pyro- sequencing, and real-time PCR for detection of Tyrosine- methionine-aspartate-aspartate (YMDD) mutants in patients with chronic hepatitis B. METHODS: Mixtures of plasmids and serum samples from 69 chronic hepatitis B patients treated with lamivu- dine were tested for YMDD mutations by sequencing of PCR products, pyrosequencing, and real-time PCR, re- spectively. Time required and reagent costs of the three assays were evaluated. RESULTS: Real-time PCR detected 100%, 50%, 10%, 1% and 0.1% of YVDD plasmid in mixtures with 106 copies/mL of YMDD plasmid, whereas sequencing and pyrosequencing only detected 100% and 50% of YVDD plasmid in aliquots of the corresponding mixtures. Com- pletely concordant results were obtained from 60 (87%) out of the 69 clinical serum samples by the three assays. Mutants were detected by real-time PCR in less than 20% of the total virus population, but no mutant was de- tected by sequencing and pyrosequencing. In addition, real-time PCR required less time and was more cost-ef- fective than the other two assays. However, throughput of pyrosequencing was the highest. CONCLUSION: Among the three assays compared, real-time PCR is the most sensitive, cost-effective, and time saving for monitoring YMDD mutants in patients with chronic hepatitis B on lamivudine therapy.
基金supported by a grant from the Provincial Research Project Funding of Guangxi,China (No. GSR 9817101)
文摘Objective： To investigate the clinic values of combining test of serum matrix metalloproteinase 9 （MMP-9）, acetyl heparinase （Hpa） and Cathepsin L （CL） in diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Methods： Serum levels of MMP-9, Hpa and CL were detected in a total of 418 cases, including 217 cases with ovarian malignant tumor, 100 cases with ovarian benign tumor and 101 healthy controls, by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Their correlation with clinicopathologic feature of ovarian malignant tumor was analyzed and their diagnosis performance was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic （ROC）. The combined diagnosis model was established by logistic regression analysis. Results： The serum levels of MMP-9, Hpa and CL were significantly higher in patients with ovarian malignant tumor than in benign tumor and healthy control, the serum levels of CL and Hpa were higher in epithelial cancer than in non-epithelial tumor, and MMP-9, Hpa and CL were elevated in low grade and advanced stage compared to high grade and early stage. The sensitivity for diagnosis of ovarian malignant tumor from high to low was CL, Hpa and MMP-9, and the specificity was MMP-9, CL and Hpa. The united diagnosis model was established and showed the sensitivity and specificity of combined detection were 84.6% and 82.1%, respectively, which were significantly higher than a single tumor marker. Conclusion： Serum MMP-9, Hpa and CL were correlated with ovarian malignant tumor and the combined detection of which may be valuable for clinical diagnosis of ovarian malignant tumor.
文摘At present,China's construction industry professionals are mainly migrant workers,the industry is characterized by population,fluidity big,poor living environment,workers'quality is generally not high,is a typical prone to the spread of the disease,as a result,public health and epidemic prevention work of the construction industry is an urgent need to pay attention to the problem.Based on field research,this paper adopts brainstorm method to construct the index of public health epidemic prevention system of construction projects.Through the establishment of the binary fuzzy analytic hierarchy process,the weight parameters of each epidemic prevention index are given.Then by using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and the designed two-point evaluation standard,the public health epidemic prevention ability evaluation system of the construction industry is constructed.Finally,the rationality and accuracy of the evaluation system are verified by the application analysis of specific engineering examples.The results show that the constructed public health epidemic prevention system has good applicability and can accurately and objectively reflect the public health epidemic prevention ability of the project department.
文摘Background:The endoscopic transnasal approach has been proven to have advantages on the removal of the tumors in pterygopalatine fossa(PPF)and infratemporal fossa(ITF).Herein,this study aimed to describe a modified approach for resection of the tumors in these areas,both in cadaveric specimen and clinical patients.Methods:The 20 adult cadaveric specimens and five patients with tumors in PPF and ITF were enrolled in this study.For the cadaveric specimens,ten were simulated anterior transmaxillary approach and ten were performed modified endoscopic transnasal transmaxillary approach.The exposure areas were compared between two groups and main anatomic structure were measured.Surgery was operated in the five patients with tumors of PPF and ITF to verify the experience from the anatomy.Perioperative management,intraoperative findings and postoperative complications were recorded and analyzed.Results:The modified endoscopic transnasal transmaxillary approach provided as enough surgical exposure and high operability to the PPF and ITF as the anterior transmaxillary approach did.The diameter of maxillary artery in the PPF was 3.77±0.78 mm(range:2.06-4.82mm),the diameter of middle meningeal artery in the ITF was 2.79±0.61 mm(range:1.54-3.78 mm).Four patients who suffered schwannoma got total removal and one of adenocystic carcinoma got subtotal removal.The main complications were facial numbness and pericoronitis of the wisdom tooth.No permanent complication was found.Conclusions:With the widespread use of neuroendoscopy,the modified endoscopic transnasal transmaxillary approach is feasible and effective for the resection of tumors located in PPF and ITF,which has significant advantages on less trauma and complications to the patients.
文摘Background：The auditory brainstem implants （ABIs） have been used to treat deafness for patients with neurofibromatosis Type 2 and nontumor patients.The lack of an appropriate animal model has limited the study of improving hearing rehabilitation by the device.This study aimed to establish an animal model of ABI in adult rhesus macaque monkey （Macaca mulatta）.Methods：Six adult rhesus macaque monkeys （M.mulatta） were included.Under general anesthesia,a multichannel ABI was implanted into the lateral recess of the fourth ventricle through the modified suboccipital-retrosigmoid （RS） approach.The electrical auditory brainstem response （EABR） waves were tested to ensure the optimal implant site.After the operation,the EABR and computed tomography （CT） were used to test and verify the effectiveness via electrophysiology and anatomy,respectively.The subjects underwent behavioral observation for 6 months,and the postoperative EABR was tested every two weeks from the 1st month after implant surgery.Result：The implant surgery lasted an average of 5.2 h,and no monkey died or sacrificed.The averaged latencies of peaks Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅳ were 1.27,2.34 and 3.98 ms,respectively in the ABR.One-peak EABR wave was elicited in the operation,and one-or two-peak waves were elicited during the postoperative period.The EABR wave latencies appeared to be constant under different stimulus intensities;however,the amplitudes increased as the stimulus increased within a certain scope.Conclusions：It is feasible and safe to implant ABIs in rhesus macaque monkeys （M.mulatta） through a modified suboccipital RS approach,and EABR and CT are valid tools for animal model establishment.In addition,this model should be an appropriate animal model for the electrophysiological and behavioral study of rhesus macaque monkey with ABI.
