The bubble growth and detachment behavior in the bottom blowing process were investigated. Four multi-hole nozzle configurations with different opening ratios were assessed experimentally using high-speed photography ...The bubble growth and detachment behavior in the bottom blowing process were investigated. Four multi-hole nozzle configurations with different opening ratios were assessed experimentally using high-speed photography and digital image processing. For these configurations, the experiments reveal that the bubble growth consists of a petal-like stage, an expansion stage and a detachment stage. The petal-like shape is qualitatively described through the captured images, while the non-spherical bubbles are analyzed by the aspect ratio. The bubble size at the detachment is quantified by the maximum caliper distance and the bubble equivalent diameter. Considering the dependence on the opening ratio, different prediction models for the ratio of maximum caliper distance to hydraulic diameter of the nozzle outlet and the dimensionless bubble diameter are established. The comparative analysis results show that the proposed prediction model can accurately predict the bubble detachment size under the condition of multi-hole nozzles.展开更多
The creation of artificial enzymes to mimic natural enzymes remains a great challenge owing to the complexity of the structural arrangement of the essential amino acids in catalytic centers.In this study,we used the p...The creation of artificial enzymes to mimic natural enzymes remains a great challenge owing to the complexity of the structural arrangement of the essential amino acids in catalytic centers.In this study,we used the phosphatase-based enzyme-instructed self-assembly(EISA)to supervise artificial esterases'final structures and catalytic activities.We reported that peptide precursors containing different phosphorylation sites could preorganize into alternated nanostructures and undergo dephosphorylation in the presence of alkaline phosphatase(ALP)with variation in kinetic and thermodynamic profiles.Although identical self-assembly compositions were formed after dephosphorylation,precursors with more enhanced preorganized states tended to better promote ALP dephosphorylation,facilitate further self-assembly,and strengthen the catalytic activities of the final assemblies.We envisioned that our strategy would be useful for further construction and manipulation of various artificial enzymes with superior catalytic activities.展开更多
基金Project(51676211)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2015zzts044)supported by Innovation Foundation for Postgraduate of Central South University,ChinaProject(2017SK2253)supported by the Key R&D Plan of Hunan Province,China
文摘The bubble growth and detachment behavior in the bottom blowing process were investigated. Four multi-hole nozzle configurations with different opening ratios were assessed experimentally using high-speed photography and digital image processing. For these configurations, the experiments reveal that the bubble growth consists of a petal-like stage, an expansion stage and a detachment stage. The petal-like shape is qualitatively described through the captured images, while the non-spherical bubbles are analyzed by the aspect ratio. The bubble size at the detachment is quantified by the maximum caliper distance and the bubble equivalent diameter. Considering the dependence on the opening ratio, different prediction models for the ratio of maximum caliper distance to hydraulic diameter of the nozzle outlet and the dimensionless bubble diameter are established. The comparative analysis results show that the proposed prediction model can accurately predict the bubble detachment size under the condition of multi-hole nozzles.
基金supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(31825012)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21875116,31961143004,81921004)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC1103502,2018YFC1003401)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M680856)。
文摘The creation of artificial enzymes to mimic natural enzymes remains a great challenge owing to the complexity of the structural arrangement of the essential amino acids in catalytic centers.In this study,we used the phosphatase-based enzyme-instructed self-assembly(EISA)to supervise artificial esterases'final structures and catalytic activities.We reported that peptide precursors containing different phosphorylation sites could preorganize into alternated nanostructures and undergo dephosphorylation in the presence of alkaline phosphatase(ALP)with variation in kinetic and thermodynamic profiles.Although identical self-assembly compositions were formed after dephosphorylation,precursors with more enhanced preorganized states tended to better promote ALP dephosphorylation,facilitate further self-assembly,and strengthen the catalytic activities of the final assemblies.We envisioned that our strategy would be useful for further construction and manipulation of various artificial enzymes with superior catalytic activities.
