AIM: To evaluate the risk factors for primary liver carcinoma (PLC) in Chinese population.METHODS: Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China Hospital Knowledge Database and MEDLINE were searched. All the relat...AIM: To evaluate the risk factors for primary liver carcinoma (PLC) in Chinese population.METHODS: Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China Hospital Knowledge Database and MEDLINE were searched. All the related literatures were screened, and the risk factors for PLC in Chinese population were studied. Heterogeneity was evaluated by odds ratio (OR) q test. Combined OR and its 95% confidence interval (95%CI)were calculated, the association between the investigated risk factors and PLC was determined. Validity and bias of the findings were evaluated by sensitivity analysis and funnel plot analysis respectively.RESULTS: Fifty-five of one hundred and ninety identified studies were accepted according to the inclusive criteria. Ten factors related to PLC were demonstrated by sensitive analysis and funnel plot analysis. They were cirrhosis (OR = 11.97, P= 0.000), HBV infection (OR = 11.34, P= 0.000),HCV infection (OR = 4.28, P = 0.000), family history of liver cancer (OR = 3.49, P = 0.000), unstable emotion (OR = 2.20, P = 0.000), depressed characters (OR = 3.07,P = 0.000), aflatoxin (OR = 1.80, P = 0.000), alcoholic (OR = 1.88, P = 0.000), intake of musty food (OR =1.87,P = 0.000) and drinking contaminated water from pond (OR = 1.77, P = 0.003).CONCLUSION: The main risk factors for PLC in China are liver diseases, family history of liver carcinoma, poor psychic status, aflatoxin, and some unhealthy behaviors.展开更多
AIM: To analyze the clinical presentation of venous diethylene glycol (DEG) poisoning in patients with preexisting severe liver disease and factors that correlate with DEG poisoning. METHODS: Retrospective chart revie...AIM: To analyze the clinical presentation of venous diethylene glycol (DEG) poisoning in patients with preexisting severe liver disease and factors that correlate with DEG poisoning. METHODS: Retrospective chart review was performed to analyze the epidemiology, clinical presentation, hepatorenal functions, hemodynamics and pathological characteristics of 64 patients with severe liver disease who received intravenous armillarisin-A, the solvent of which was DEG. Comparative analyses of correlating factors and causes for poisoning were based on the presence or absence of poisoning. RESULTS: Of the 64 patients who received armillarisin-A, 15 were found to have DEG poisoning. Twelve poisoned patients died. After a mean of 5 d, the poisoned patients displayed acute renal failure. Metabolic acidosis occurred in 13 cases. BUN, Cr, and CO2 values were significantly elevated and exacerbation of digestive tract symptoms and/or symptom was noted in 11 cases. Neurological system impairment was observed in 10 cases after 2 wk. Compared to the 49 non-poisoned patients, the poisoned patients exhibited significantly lower RBC and Hb values and higher WBC count. Renal biopsy from the poisoned patientsrevealed acute tubular necrosis and interstitial nephritis. Significant differences in preexisting severe hepatitis, ascites, renal disease, and diuretic therapy were found between groups. Prior to diethylene glycol injections, the mean values for neutral granular cells, BUN, Cr, calcium and phosphorous ions differed significantly between groups. CONCLUSION: Venous diethylene glycol poisoning is characterized by oliguric acute renal failure, metabolic acidosis, digestive symptoms, nervous system impairment, and a high probability of anemia and WBC proliferation. Mortality is high. Correlative factors include preexisting severe liver disease, renal disease, and infection.展开更多
Background:The goal of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is to restore knee kinematics.Knee prosthesis design plays a very important role in successful restoration.Here,kinematics models of normal and prosthetic knees ...Background:The goal of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is to restore knee kinematics.Knee prosthesis design plays a very important role in successful restoration.Here,kinematics models of normal and prosthetic knees were created and validated using previously published data.Methods:Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans of a healthy,anticorrosive female cadaver were used to establish a model of the entire lower limbs,including the femur,tibia,patella,fibula,distal femur cartilage,and medial and lateral menisci,as well as the anterior cruciate,posterior cruciate,medial collateral,and lateral collateral ligaments.The data from the three-dimensional models of the normal knee joint and a posterior-stabilized (PS) knee prosthesis were imported into finite element analysis software to create the final kinematic model of the TKA prosthesis,which was then validated by comparison with a previous study.The displacement of the medial/lateral femur and the internal rotation angle of the tibia were analyzed during 0-135° flexion.Results:Both the output data trends and the measured values derived from the normal knee's kinematics model were very close to the results reported in a previous in vivo study,suggesting that this model can be used for further analyses.The PS knee prosthesis underwent an abnormal forward displacement compared with the normal knee and has insufficient,or insufficiently aggressive,"rollback" compared with the lateral femur of the normal knee.In addition,a certain degree of reverse rotation occurs during flexion of the PS knee prosthesis.Conclusions:There were still several differences between the kinematics of the PS knee prosthesis and a normal knee,suggesting room for improving the design of the PS knee prosthesis.The abnormal kinematics during early flexion shows that the design of the articular surface played a vital role in improving the kinematics of the PS knee prosthesis.展开更多
Background:Chronic hepatitis B(CHB)patients have a high virological relapse rate after cessation of nucleos(t)ide analog(NA)treatment,but the clinical outcome remains unclear.This study aimed to investigate the 96-wee...Background:Chronic hepatitis B(CHB)patients have a high virological relapse rate after cessation of nucleos(t)ide analog(NA)treatment,but the clinical outcome remains unclear.This study aimed to investigate the 96-week clinical outcomes and the risk factors for relapse in CHB after cessation of NAs.Methods:This study was a prospective trial;74 eligible patients were enrolled.The patients underwent NA cessation and follow-up according to the 2012 Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver Guideline.Symptoms,biochemical(aspartate aminotransferase[AST],alanine aminotransferase[ALT],total bilirubin,urea nitrogen,creatinine),virological data(hepatitis B surface antigen[HBsAg],hepatitis B e antigen[HBeAg],hepatitis B e antibody[HBeAb],hepatitis B virus[HBV]DNA levels),and color Doppler ultrasound examination results were recorded and analysed.Results:After NA cessation,19 cases were HBsAg-negative without relapse during the 96-week follow-up.Of the 55 cases of HBsAg-positive after cessation,four types of clinical outcomes were observed.Twelve patients had no relapse during the 96-week follow-up(type A,21.8%),7 patients underwent virological relapses but spontaneously had a non-virological relapse(type B,12.7%),10 patients maintained virological relapse(type C,18.2%),and 26 patients turned to clinical relapse,received NA retreatment,and achieved ALT normalization and negative conversion of HBV DNA within 12 months(type D,47.3%).The 2-year overall cumulative rates of virological and clinical relapses were 58.1%and 24.3%,respectively.Independent factors associated with virological relapse were duration of negative HBV DNA,EOT(end of treatment)HBsAg,and original status of HBeAg.The EOT HBsAg was also an independent factor for clinical relapse.Conclusions:There are four types of clinical outcomes in patients with CHB after cessation of NA treatment.Further research is needed to explore the mechanism of different clinical outcomes.The EOT HBsAg level is an independent factor associated with both virological and clinical relapse.展开更多
Introduction Port wine stain (PWS) is a congenital cutaneous capillary malformation that typically presents on the face and neck,with an incidence of 0.3%-0.5% in newborns,and has no sex predominance.These lesions ini...Introduction Port wine stain (PWS) is a congenital cutaneous capillary malformation that typically presents on the face and neck,with an incidence of 0.3%-0.5% in newborns,and has no sex predominance.These lesions initially present as pink birthmarks with clear but irregular boundary,and the area varies greatly.If left untreated,they can progress in color to dark red or purple,and expand or regress over time.In severe cases,the lesion can generate hypertrophy and nodules,posing a great cosmetic challenge.One study illustrated that the average length of time to develop hypertrophy is 12 years,whereas it takes around 39 years for nodules to develop.展开更多
文摘AIM: To evaluate the risk factors for primary liver carcinoma (PLC) in Chinese population.METHODS: Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China Hospital Knowledge Database and MEDLINE were searched. All the related literatures were screened, and the risk factors for PLC in Chinese population were studied. Heterogeneity was evaluated by odds ratio (OR) q test. Combined OR and its 95% confidence interval (95%CI)were calculated, the association between the investigated risk factors and PLC was determined. Validity and bias of the findings were evaluated by sensitivity analysis and funnel plot analysis respectively.RESULTS: Fifty-five of one hundred and ninety identified studies were accepted according to the inclusive criteria. Ten factors related to PLC were demonstrated by sensitive analysis and funnel plot analysis. They were cirrhosis (OR = 11.97, P= 0.000), HBV infection (OR = 11.34, P= 0.000),HCV infection (OR = 4.28, P = 0.000), family history of liver cancer (OR = 3.49, P = 0.000), unstable emotion (OR = 2.20, P = 0.000), depressed characters (OR = 3.07,P = 0.000), aflatoxin (OR = 1.80, P = 0.000), alcoholic (OR = 1.88, P = 0.000), intake of musty food (OR =1.87,P = 0.000) and drinking contaminated water from pond (OR = 1.77, P = 0.003).CONCLUSION: The main risk factors for PLC in China are liver diseases, family history of liver carcinoma, poor psychic status, aflatoxin, and some unhealthy behaviors.
文摘AIM: To analyze the clinical presentation of venous diethylene glycol (DEG) poisoning in patients with preexisting severe liver disease and factors that correlate with DEG poisoning. METHODS: Retrospective chart review was performed to analyze the epidemiology, clinical presentation, hepatorenal functions, hemodynamics and pathological characteristics of 64 patients with severe liver disease who received intravenous armillarisin-A, the solvent of which was DEG. Comparative analyses of correlating factors and causes for poisoning were based on the presence or absence of poisoning. RESULTS: Of the 64 patients who received armillarisin-A, 15 were found to have DEG poisoning. Twelve poisoned patients died. After a mean of 5 d, the poisoned patients displayed acute renal failure. Metabolic acidosis occurred in 13 cases. BUN, Cr, and CO2 values were significantly elevated and exacerbation of digestive tract symptoms and/or symptom was noted in 11 cases. Neurological system impairment was observed in 10 cases after 2 wk. Compared to the 49 non-poisoned patients, the poisoned patients exhibited significantly lower RBC and Hb values and higher WBC count. Renal biopsy from the poisoned patientsrevealed acute tubular necrosis and interstitial nephritis. Significant differences in preexisting severe hepatitis, ascites, renal disease, and diuretic therapy were found between groups. Prior to diethylene glycol injections, the mean values for neutral granular cells, BUN, Cr, calcium and phosphorous ions differed significantly between groups. CONCLUSION: Venous diethylene glycol poisoning is characterized by oliguric acute renal failure, metabolic acidosis, digestive symptoms, nervous system impairment, and a high probability of anemia and WBC proliferation. Mortality is high. Correlative factors include preexisting severe liver disease, renal disease, and infection.
文摘Background:The goal of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is to restore knee kinematics.Knee prosthesis design plays a very important role in successful restoration.Here,kinematics models of normal and prosthetic knees were created and validated using previously published data.Methods:Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging scans of a healthy,anticorrosive female cadaver were used to establish a model of the entire lower limbs,including the femur,tibia,patella,fibula,distal femur cartilage,and medial and lateral menisci,as well as the anterior cruciate,posterior cruciate,medial collateral,and lateral collateral ligaments.The data from the three-dimensional models of the normal knee joint and a posterior-stabilized (PS) knee prosthesis were imported into finite element analysis software to create the final kinematic model of the TKA prosthesis,which was then validated by comparison with a previous study.The displacement of the medial/lateral femur and the internal rotation angle of the tibia were analyzed during 0-135° flexion.Results:Both the output data trends and the measured values derived from the normal knee's kinematics model were very close to the results reported in a previous in vivo study,suggesting that this model can be used for further analyses.The PS knee prosthesis underwent an abnormal forward displacement compared with the normal knee and has insufficient,or insufficiently aggressive,"rollback" compared with the lateral femur of the normal knee.In addition,a certain degree of reverse rotation occurs during flexion of the PS knee prosthesis.Conclusions:There were still several differences between the kinematics of the PS knee prosthesis and a normal knee,suggesting room for improving the design of the PS knee prosthesis.The abnormal kinematics during early flexion shows that the design of the articular surface played a vital role in improving the kinematics of the PS knee prosthesis.
文摘Background:Chronic hepatitis B(CHB)patients have a high virological relapse rate after cessation of nucleos(t)ide analog(NA)treatment,but the clinical outcome remains unclear.This study aimed to investigate the 96-week clinical outcomes and the risk factors for relapse in CHB after cessation of NAs.Methods:This study was a prospective trial;74 eligible patients were enrolled.The patients underwent NA cessation and follow-up according to the 2012 Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver Guideline.Symptoms,biochemical(aspartate aminotransferase[AST],alanine aminotransferase[ALT],total bilirubin,urea nitrogen,creatinine),virological data(hepatitis B surface antigen[HBsAg],hepatitis B e antigen[HBeAg],hepatitis B e antibody[HBeAb],hepatitis B virus[HBV]DNA levels),and color Doppler ultrasound examination results were recorded and analysed.Results:After NA cessation,19 cases were HBsAg-negative without relapse during the 96-week follow-up.Of the 55 cases of HBsAg-positive after cessation,four types of clinical outcomes were observed.Twelve patients had no relapse during the 96-week follow-up(type A,21.8%),7 patients underwent virological relapses but spontaneously had a non-virological relapse(type B,12.7%),10 patients maintained virological relapse(type C,18.2%),and 26 patients turned to clinical relapse,received NA retreatment,and achieved ALT normalization and negative conversion of HBV DNA within 12 months(type D,47.3%).The 2-year overall cumulative rates of virological and clinical relapses were 58.1%and 24.3%,respectively.Independent factors associated with virological relapse were duration of negative HBV DNA,EOT(end of treatment)HBsAg,and original status of HBeAg.The EOT HBsAg was also an independent factor for clinical relapse.Conclusions:There are four types of clinical outcomes in patients with CHB after cessation of NA treatment.Further research is needed to explore the mechanism of different clinical outcomes.The EOT HBsAg level is an independent factor associated with both virological and clinical relapse.
文摘Introduction Port wine stain (PWS) is a congenital cutaneous capillary malformation that typically presents on the face and neck,with an incidence of 0.3%-0.5% in newborns,and has no sex predominance.These lesions initially present as pink birthmarks with clear but irregular boundary,and the area varies greatly.If left untreated,they can progress in color to dark red or purple,and expand or regress over time.In severe cases,the lesion can generate hypertrophy and nodules,posing a great cosmetic challenge.One study illustrated that the average length of time to develop hypertrophy is 12 years,whereas it takes around 39 years for nodules to develop.