MSCTA联合术中超声在小肾癌后腹腔镜肾部分切除手术中的应用价值

目的探讨多层螺旋CT血管成像(MSCTA)联合术中超声在小肾癌后腹腔镜肾部分切除术(LPN)中的应用价值。方法选择影像学显示肿瘤直径≤4.0 cm的小肾癌患者55例,其均采用后腹腔镜肾部分切除术。根据术中是否行超声,将其分为超声组(28例)和非超声组(27例)。左肾肿瘤33例,右肾肿瘤22例;肿瘤直径为1.5～5.0 cm,平均3.0 cm。比较两组手术时间、出血量、术中热缺血时间、微小癌灶发现率、术后漏尿、切缘阳性率及肾小球滤过率(GFR)功能。结果超声组手术时间少于非超声组(P <0.05),超声组术中出血量少于非超声组(P <0.05);超声组术中热缺血时间少于非超声组(P <0.05);中转开放手术例数超声组少于非超声组(P <0.05)。微小病灶检出例数:超声组1例;非超声组0例;术后漏尿例数:超声组0例,非超声组1例。切缘阳性率:超声组为0.0%,非超声组为3.7%。超声组术前、术后患肾GFR分别为(55.1±7.2)和(53.1±7.7)ml/min(P>0.05),非超声组术前、术后患肾GFR分别为(55.8±7.0)和(50.4±6.5)ml/min(P>0.05)。结论术中超声可快速准确的定位肿瘤组织,尽可能的保留肾单位、减少切缘阳性率,有利于术后患肾功能的恢复。

Local administration of icariin contributes to peripheral nerve regeneration and functional recovery

Our previous study showed that systemic administration of the traditional Chinese medicine Epimedium extract promotes peripheral nerve regeneration. Here, we sought to explore the ther- apeutic effects of local administration of icariin, a major component of Epimedium extract, on peripheral nerve regeneration. A poly（lactic-co-glycolic acid） biological conduit sleeve was used to bridge a 5 mm right sciatic nerve defect in rats, and physiological saline, nerve growth factor, icariin suspension, or nerve growth factor-releasing microsphere suspension was injected into the defect. Twelve weeks later, sciatic nerve conduction velocity and the number of myelinated fibers were notably greater in the rats treated with icariin suspension or nerve growth factor-releasing microspheres than those that had received nerve growth factor or physiological saline. The effects of icariin suspension were similar to those of nerve growth factor-releasing microspheres. These data suggest that icariin acts as a nerve growth factor-releasing agent, and indicate that local ap- plication of icariin after spinal injury can promote peripheral nerve regeneration.

The brassinosteroid signal transduction pathway

类固醇作为在动物和植物表明分子工作。当动物类固醇荷尔蒙被抄写因素的原子受体家庭察觉时，在植物的 brassinosteroids (BR ) 被房间表面受体 kinase 察觉， BRI1。最近的研究证明了到 BRI1 的细胞外的域的那 BR 绑定与另一受体 kinase 导致 kinase 激活和 dimerization， BAK1。激活的 BRI1 或 BAK1 然后调整，可能间接地， BIN2 kinase 的活动或 BSU1 磷酸酶，它直接调整 phosphorylation 地位和二个相应抄写因素， BZR1 和 BES1 的原子累积。BZR1 和 BES1 直接绑在 BR 应答的基因的倡导者调整他们的表示。表明小径的 BR 为在一般来说由房间表面受体发信号的植物和类固醇发信号的两受体 kinase 成为了一个范例。

Centralized isolation of Helicobacter pylori from multiple centers and transport condition influences

AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of centralized culture and possible influencing factors.METHODS:From January 2010 to July 2012,66452 patients with suspected Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) infection from 26 hospitals in Zhejiang and Jiangsu Provinces in China underwent gastrointestinal endoscopy.Gastric mucosal biopsies were taken from the antrum for culture.These biopsies were transported under natural environmental temperature to the central laboratory in Hangzhou city and divided into three groups based on their transport time:5,24 and 48 h.The culture results were reported after 72 h and the positive culture rates were analyzed by a χ2 test.An additional 5736 biopsies from H.pylori-positive patients(5646 rapid urease test-positive and 90 14C-urease breath test-positive) were also cultured for quality control in the central laboratory setting.RESULTS:The positive culture rate was 31.66%(21036/66452) for the patient samples and 71.72%(4114/5736) for the H.pylori-positive quality control specimens.In the 5 h transport group,the positiveculture rate was 30.99%(3865/12471),and 32.84%(14960/45553) in the 24 h transport group.In contrast,the positive culture rate declined significantly in the 48 h transport group(26.25%; P < 0.001).During transportation,the average natural temperature increased from 4.67 to 29.14℃,while the positive culture rate declined from 36.67%(1462/3987) to 24.12%(1799/7459).When the temperature exceeded 24℃,the positive culture rate decreased significantly,especially in the 48 h transport group(23.17%).CONCLUSION:Transportation of specimens within 24 h and below 24℃ is reasonable and acceptable for centralized culture of multicenter H.pylori samples.

Qian-Zheng-San promotes regeneration after sciatic nerve crush injury in rats

Qian-Zheng-San, a traditional Chinese prescription consisting of Typhonii Rhizoma, Bombyx Batryticatus, Scorpio, has been found to play an active therapeutic role in central nervous system diseases. However, it is unclear whether Qian-Zheng-San has therapeutic value for peripheral nerve injury. Therefore, we used Sprague-Dawley rats to investigate this. A sciatic nerve crush injury model was induced by clamping the right sciatic nerve. Subsequently, rats in the treatment group were administered 2 mL Qian-Zheng-San(1.75 g/mL) daily as systemic therapy for 1, 2, 4, or 8 weeks. Rats in the control group were not administered Qian-Zheng-San. Rats in sham group did not undergo surgery and systemic therapy. Footprint analysis was used to assess nerve motor function. Electrophysiological experiments were used to detect nerve conduction function. Immunofluorescence staining was used to assess axon counts and morphological analysis. Immunohistochemical staining was used to observe myelin regeneration of the sciatic nerve and the number of motoneurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord. At 2 and 4 weeks postoperatively, the sciatic nerve function index, nerve conduction velocity, the number of distant regenerated axons and the axon diameter of the sciatic nerve increased in the Qian-Zheng-San treatment group compared with the control group. At 2 weeks postoperatively, nerve fiber diameter, myelin thickness, and the number of motor neurons in the lumbar spinal cord anterior horn increased in the Qian-Zheng-San treatment group compared with the control group. These results indicate that QianZheng-San has a positive effect on peripheral nerve regeneration.

Plugging property and displacement characters of a novel high-temperature resistant polymer nanoparticle

The goal of the research was to investigate the profile control and oil displacement characteristics of the polymer nanoparticles after high temperature swelling.The displacement parameters showed considerable influence on the plugging effect of the high-temperature swelled polymer nanoparticles,such as the core permeability,concentration of nanoparticles in the suspension,swelling time and swelling temperature,which makes it flexible to control the plugging effect by controlling displacement experiments conditions.Experimental results show that polymer nanoparticles dispersion system with a concentration of 500 mg/L is suitable for cores plugging with a permeability of 30×10^(-3)-150×10^(-3)μm^(2),even after aging at 150℃ for three months.The shunt flow experiments show that when the displacement factors are optimal values,the polymer nanoparticles after high temperature swelling to plug the high-permeability layer selectivity and almost do not clog the low-permeability layer.Oil recovery of homogeneous artificial core displacement experiment and a heterogeneous double-tube cores model are increased by 20%and 10.4%on the basis of water flooding.The polymer nanoparticles can be a great help for petroleum engineers to better apply this deep profile control and flooding technology.

Tyrosine 23 Phosphorylation of Annexin A2 Promotes Proliferation,Invasion,and Stat3 Phosphorylation in the Nucleus of Human Breast Cancer SK-BR-3 Cells

Objective To investigate the role of tyrosine 23(Tyr23) phosphorylation of Annexin A2(Anxa2) in regulating the proliferation and invasion of human breast cancer SK-BR-3 cells. Methods A panel of lentivirus plasmids expressing Anxa2-wide type(Ana2-WT),Anxa2-Y23A,and Anxa2-Y23D was generated and infected with SK-BR-3 cells.The monoclonal strains were screened.The expression of Anxa2-WT,Anxa2-Y23A,and Anxa2-Y23D was determined by Western blot analysis.The ability of the cells to proliferate was detected through an MTT[3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide]test.Boyden chamber assays were employed to examine migration and invasion abilities. The interaction between Anxa2 and Stat3 was analyzed by immunoprecipitation analyses.Nucleoprotein and cytosolic protein were extracted from SK-BR-3,Anxa2-WT,Anxa2-Y23A,and Anxa2-Y23D cells to analyze the expression and localization of Stat3 phosphorylation. Results The monoclonal strains constitutively expressing Anxa2-WT,Anxa2-Y23A,and Anxa2-Y23D were screened.Both Anxa2-W and Anxa2-Y23D enhanced the proliferation,migration and invasion abilities of SK-BR-3 cells(P<0.05).Immunoprecipitation analy revealed that Anxa2 and Stat3 interacted with each other,and the expression of Stat3 phosphorylation in the nucleus was enhanced Anxa2-Y23D. Conclusions Tyr23 phosphorylation of Anxa2 promotes the proliferation and invasion of human breast cancer SK-BR-3 cells and phosphorylation of Stat3 in the nucleus.

Research progress of medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction

Patellar dislocation is a common disease in orthopaedics. The incidence of patellar dislocation is the highest in adolescents with an average age of 21.4 years. There are many methods to treat the dislocation of patella, among which the reconstruction of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is the main one. In this paper, the biomechanics and graft selection of medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction were discussed in detail by reviewing the relevant literature at home and abroad. The femoral insertion, patellofemoral fixation and postoperative complications were also discussed, in order to provide reference for clinical workers. In view of different postoperative complications, there are many kinds of optimization schemes, and reasonable choice of operation scheme is the premise of good operation satisfaction rate.

Recrystallization and Precipitation Behavior during the Hot Deformation of Nb-Ti Microalloyed Steels

Constant strain rate compression tests at the temperature 900～1100 ℃ and the strain rate 10 -3 ～20 s -1 and the interpass time 300～1000 s of double stage interrupted tests were carried out for a microalloyed steel containing 0.024%Nb, 0.016%Ti, 1.39%Mn and 0.15%C, to investigate its dynamic (DRX), static (SRX) and metadynamic recrystallization (MDRX) and precipitation behavior. Softening curves were determined by the offset method and back extrapolation method. It was found that the SRX and MDRX process have different Avrami exponent n and apparent activation energy Q . For the former n=1, Q =359 kJ/mol, while for the later n = 0.57 , Q =259 kJ/mol. Influences of temperature, prestrain and strain rate on the kinetics of SRX process were discussed and a mathematical model was furtherly constructed. Finally, the precipitation time temperature (PTT) curve was determined by the stress relaxation tests, and the influence of precipitation on the SRX process was also discussed. Direct microstructural evidence for precipitation during and after deformation was obtained by transmission electron microscopy.

Effect of extracorporeal shock wave combined with hot magner therapy on nonspecific chronic neck pain

Objective:Toobserve the clinical effect of extracorporeal shock wave combined with hot magner therapy for nonspecific chronic neck pain.Methods:A total of 60 patients with nonspecific chronic neck pain were randomly divided into treatment group and control group.Patients in the treatment group were treated with extracorporeal shock wave combined with hot magner therapy,and patients in the control group were treated with hot magner therapy.Visual analogue scale(VAS)and Neck disability index(NDI)were used before treatment,2 weeks after treatment,and 3 months after treatment.Results:Two weeks after treatment,the VAS and NDI scores were improved(P<0.05),and the VAS and NDI scores of the treatment group were lower than those of the control group(P<0.05),and the improvement rate of the treatment group was significantly better than that of the control group(P<0.05).3 months after follow up treatment,VAS and NDI scores in the treatment group showed statistically significant differences with those before treatment(P<0.05),and those at 2 weeks after treatment(P﹥0.05),while VAS and NDI scores in the control group showed no statistically significant differences with those before treatment(P﹥0.05),and those at 2 weeks after treatment(P<0.05).The VAS and NDI scores in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The clinical efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave combined with hot magner treatment for nonspecific chronic neck pain is better than that of hot magner therapy.

Evanescent Fields inside a Cut-off Waveguide as Near Fields

Usually, electromagnetic evanescent waves are some kinds of near fields. However, it looks as if the evanescent waves inside a cut-off waveguide had nothing to do with any near field. In this paper, we will show that the evanescent waves inside a cut-off waveguide can also be regarded as the near fields of an aerial array.

Energy pharmacological effects of chemical drugs

Background:To study the energy pharmacological effects of chemical drugs.Methods:The energy pharmacological effects of chemical drugs were studied using a literature induction method.Results:Chemical drugs have energy properties,which can be expressed in terms of cold,hot,warm,and cool.The energy properties of chemical drugs have energy pharmacological effects,which are related to the bond energy release and absorption of intermolecular chemical bonds,where the release of energy from chemical bonds indicates a warm-hot energy pharmacological effect and the absorption of energy indicates a cold energy pharmacological effect.The mechanisms of chemical drug energy may be related to the presence of temperature-sensitive ion channels in the body.Conclusion:Chemical drugs exhibit energy pharmacological effects.

Interactions between HLH and bHLH Factors Modulate Light-Regulated Plant Development

Phytochromes （Phy） and phytochrome-interacting factor （PIF） transcription factors constitute a major signal- ing module that controls plant development in response to red and far-red light. A low red：far-red ratio is interpreted as shading by neighbor plants and induces cell elongation--a phenomenon called shade-avoidance syndrome （SAS）. PAR1 and its closest homolog PAR2 are negative regulators of SAS; they belong to the HLH transcription factor family that lacks a typical basic domain required for DNA binding, and they are believed to regulate gene expressions through DNA binding transcription factors that are yet to be identified. Here, we show that light signal stabilizes PAR1 protein and PAR1 interacts with PIF4 and inhibits PIF4-mediated gene activation. DNA pull-down and chromatin immunoprecipitation （CHIP） assays showed that PAR1 inhibits PIF4 DNA binding in vitro and in vivo. Transgenic plants overexpressing PAR1 （PARIOX） are insensitive to gibberellin （GA） or high temperature in hypocotyl elongation, similarly to the pifq mutant. In addition to PIF4, PAR1 also interacts with PRE1, a HLH transcription factor activated by brassinosteroid （BR） and GA. Overexpression of PRE1 largely suppressed the dwarf phenotype of PARIOX. These results indicate that PAR1-PRE1 and PAR1-PIF4 het- erodimers form a complex HLH/bHLH network regulating cell elongation and plant development in response to light and hormones.

BZS1, a B-box Protein, Promotes Photomorphogenesis Downstream of Both Brassinosteroid and Light Signaling Pathways

Photomorphogenesis is controlled by multiple signaling pathways, including the light and brassinosteroid （BR） pathways. BR signaling activates the BZR1 transcription factor, which is required for suppressing photomorphogen- esis in the dark, We identified a suppressor of the BR hypersensitive mutant bzrl-lD and named it bzrl-lD suppressorl- Dominant （bzsl-D）. The bzsl-D mutation was caused by overexpression of a B-box zinc finger protein BZS1, which is transcriptionally repressed by BZR1. Overexpression of BZS1 causes de-etiolation in the dark, short hypocotyls in the light, reduced sensitivity to BR treatment, and repression of many BR-activated genes. Knockdown of BZS1 by co-suppression partly suppressed the short hypocotyl phenotypes of BR-deficient or insensitive mutants. These results support that BZSl is a negative regulator of BR response. BZS1 overexpressors are hypersensitive to different wavelengths of light and loss of function of BZS1 reduces plant sensitivity to light and partly suppresses the constitutive photomorphogenesis 1 （cop1） mutant in the dark, suggesting a positive role in light response. BZS1 protein accumulates at an increased level after light treatment of dark-grown BZSl-OXplants and in the cop1 mutants, and BZS1 interacts with COP1 in vitro, suggesting that light regulates BZS1 through COPl-mediated ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. These results demonstrate that BZS1 mediates the crosstalk between BR and light pathways.

New Insights into Aluminum Tolerance in Rice： The ASR5 Protein Binds the STAR1 Promoter and Other Aluminum-Responsive Genes

Aluminum （AI） toxicity in plants is one of the primary constraints in crop production. Al3＋, the most toxic form of Al, is released into soil under acidic conditions and causes extensive damage to plants, especially in the roots. In rice, Al tolerance requires the ASR5 gene, but the molecular function of ASR5 has remained unknown. Here, we perform genome-wide analyses to identify ASR5-dependent Al-responsive genes in rice. Based on ASRS_RNAi silencing in plants, a global transcriptome analysis identified a total of 961 genes that were responsive to Al treatment in wildtype rice roots. Of these genes, 909 did not respond to Al in the ASR5_RNAi plants, indicating a central role for ASR5 in Al-responsive gene expression. Under normal conditions, without Al treatment, the ASR5 RNAi plants expressed 1.756 genes differentially compared to the wild-type plants, and 446 of these genes responded to AI treatment in the wild-type plants. Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by deep sequencing identified 104 putative target genes that were directly regulated by ASR5 binding to their promoters, including the STAR1 gene, which encodes an ABC transporter required for AI tolerance. Motif analysis of the binding peak sequences revealed the binding motif for ASR5, which was confirmed via in vitro DNA-binding assays using the STAR1 promoter. These results demonstrate that ASR5 acts as a key transcription factor that is essential for AI-responsive gene expression and Al tolerance in rice.

The Arabidopsis B-box protein BZS1/BBX20 interacts with HY5 and mediates strigolactone regulation of photomorphogenesis

Plant growth is controlled by integration of hormonal and light-signaling pathways. BZS1 is a B-box zinc finger protein previously characterized as a negative regulator in the brassinosteroid （BR）-signaling pathway and a positive regulator in the light-signaling pathway. However, the mechanisms by which BZS1/BBX20 integrates light and hormonal pathways are not fully understood. Here, using a quantitative proteomic workflow, we identified several BZSl-associated proteins, including light-signaling compo- nents COP1 and HY5. Direct interactions of BZS1 with COPI and HY5 were verified by yeast two-hybrid and co-immunoprecipitation assays. Overexpression of BZS1 causes a dwarf phenotype that is sup- pressed by the by5 mutation, while overexpression of BZSI fused with the SRDX transcription repressor domain （BZS1-SRDX） causes a long-hypocotyl phenotype similar to by5, indicating that BZSI＇s function requires HY5. BZSI positively regulates HY5 expression, whereas HY5 negatively regulates BZS1 protein level, forming a feedback loop that potentially contributes to signaling dynamics. In contrast to BR, strigolactone （SL） increases BZS1 level, whereas the SL responses of hypocoryl elongation, chlorophyll and HY5 accumulation are diminished in the BZSI-SRDX seedlings, indicating that BZS1 is involved in these SL responses. These results demonstrate that BZS1 interacts with HY5 and plays a central role in integrating light and multiple hormone signals for photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis.

Assessment of 1-year Outcomes in Survivors of Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Receiving Extracorporealembrane Oxygenation or Mechanical Ventilation： A Prospective Observational Study

Background： Little is known about the long-term outcomes of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome （ARDS） patients requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygeuation （ ECMO）. This study aimed Io investigate the 1 -year outcomes of these patients or patients receiving mechanical ventilation （MV） and compare their health-related quality of lili： （HRQoL） to the general population. Methods： Severe ARDS survivors admitted to two ICUs in China between .lanuary 2012 and .lanuary 2014 were enrolled. Of the severe ARDS survivors enrolled, 1-year postdischarge, HRQoL assessment using the Short-Forna 36 （SF-36） and EuroQol questionnaire dimensions, 6-rain walking distance, chest computed tomography scan, pulmonary limction, and arterial blood gas analysis were compared lbrARDS patients with or without ECMO. Rcsulls： ARDS patients receiving ECMO had a significantly higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation 11 score （30.3 ± 6.7 vs. 26.5 ± 7.3, P = 0.036）, lung injury score （3.3 ± 0.4 vs. 2.8 ± 0.5, P = 0.000）, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score （ 10.8 ± 3.5 vs. 7.9 ＋ 3.1, P = 0.000）, lower PaO,/FiO, ratio （[mmHg, 1 namHg = 0.133 kPa], 68.3 ± 16.1 vs. 84.8 ± 16.5, P = 0.000）, and increased extrapuhnonary organ Iiailure （2 [1, 3] vs. 1 [1, 1], P - 0.025） compared with patients not receiving ECMO. ECMO and non-ECMO survivors showed similar pulmonary fimction, morphological abnormalities, resting arterial blood gas wflues, and 6-rain walking distance. Mild pulmonary dyslimction and abnormal morphology were observed in a few survivors. In addition, ECMO and non-ECMO survivors showed a similar quality of life. ECMO survivors showed lower SF-36 physical functioning and role-physical domain scores （minimum clinically significant difference at least 5 points）, and non-ECMO survivors had similar outcome. Conclusions： One-year posthospital discharge, severe ARDS survivors receiving ECMO or MV demonstrated comparable outcomes. Compared with the general population, ARDS survivors showed reduced HRQoL. Pulmonary function and hmg morphology revealed sufficient recovery with minor lung impainnent.

BR Signal Influences Arabidopsis Ovule and Seed Number through Regulating Related Genes Expression by BZR1

Ovule and seed developments are crucial processes during plant growth, which are affected by different signaling pathways. In this paper, we demonstrate that the brassinosteroid （BR） signal is involved in ovule initiation and development. Ovule and seed numbers are significantly different when comparing BR-related mutants to wild-type con-trols. Detailed observation indicates that BR regulates the expression level of genes related to ovule development, includ-ing HLL, ANT, and AP2, either directly by targeting the promoter sequences or indirectly via regulation by BR-induced transcription factor BZR1. Also, Western blot demonstrates that the dephosphorylation level of BZR1 is consistent with ovule and seed number. The intragenic bzrl-lD suppressors bzs247 and bzs248 have much fewer ovules and seeds than bzrl-lD, which are similar to wild-type, suggesting that the phenotype can be rescued. The molecular and genetic experi-ments confirm that BZR1 and AP2 probably affect Arabidopsis ovule number determination antagonistically.

The Brassinosteroid-Activated BRI1 Receptor Kinase Is Switched off by Dephosphorylation Mediated by Cytoplasm-Localized PP2A B＇ Subunits

Brassinosteroid （BR） binding activates the receptor kinase BRI1 by inducing heterodimerization with its co- receptor kinase BAK1; however, the mechanisms that reversibly inactivate BRI1 remain unclear. Here we show that cytoplasm-localized protein phosphatase 2A （PP2A） B＇ regulatory subunits interact with BRI1 to mediate its dephosphorylation and inactivation. Loss-of-function and overexpression experiments showed that a group of PP2A B＇ regulatory subunits, represented by B＇η, negatively regulate BR signaling by decreasing BRI1 phosphorylation. BR increases the expression levels of these B＇ subunits, and B/TI interacts preferentially with phosphorylated BRI1, suggesting that the dynamics of BR signaling are modu- lated by the PP2A-mediated feedback inactivation of BRI1. Compared with PP2A B＇α and B＇β, which promote BR responses by dephosphorylating the downstream transcription factor BZR1, the BRI1- inactivating B＇ subunits showed similar binding to BRI1 and BZR1 but distinct subcellular localization. Alteration of the nuclear/cytoplasmic localization of the B＇ subunits revealed that cytoplasmic PP2A de- phosphorylates BRI1 and inhibits the BR response, whereas nuclear PP2A dephosphorylates BZR1 and ac- tivates the BR response. Our findings not only identify the PP2A regulatory B subunits that mediate the binding and dephosphorylation of BRI1, but also demonstrate that the subcellular localization of PP2A specifies its substrate selection and distinct effects on BR signaling.