Clinical Value of Whole-body Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Weighted Imaging on Detection of Malignant Metastases

Objective To evaluate the value of whole-body diffusion weighted imaging(WB-DWI) on detection of malignant metastasis.Methods Forty-six patients with malignant tumors underwent WB-DWI examinations between April 2007 and August 2007 in our hospital.Before WB-DWI examination,the primary cancers of all the patients were confirmed by pathology,and the TNM-stage was assessed with conventional magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) or computed tomography(CT).WB-DWI was performed using short TI inversion recovery echo-planar imaging(STIR-EPI) sequence.Abnormal high signal intensities on WB-DWI were considered as metastases.The results of WB-DWI were compared with other imaging modalities.For the assessment of the diagnostic capability of WB-DWI,WB-DWI were compared with CT for demonstrating mediastinal lymph node metastases and lung metastases,and with conventional MRI for demonstrating metastases in other locations.Results WB-DWI demonstrated 143 focuses,14 of which were diagnosed to be benign lesions in routine imaging.The number of bone metastases depicted on WB-DWI and routine imaging was 85 and 86;lymph node metastases was 17 and 18;liver metastases was 14 and 14;lung metastases was 4 and 8;and brain metastases was 6 and 8,respectively.WB-DWI failed to detect 12 metastatic lesions including 3 osteoplastic bone metastases,4 lung metastases,3 mediastinal lymph node metastases,and 2 brain metastases.Four metastatic lesions including 2 deltopectoral lymph nodes and 2 rib metastases were detected with WB-DWI alone,all of which evolved greatly during clinical follow-up for more than 6 months.WB-DWI had higher detection rates for metastatic lesions in liver,bone,and lymph nodes than those in lung and brain(χ2=30,P<0.001).Conclusions WB-DWI could detect most of metastatic lesions that were diagnosed with conventional MRI and CT.The limitations of WB-DWI might be had high false-positive rate and low efficiency in detecting mediastinal lymph node,brain,and lung metastases.

Insight into microstructure evolution on anti-corrosion property of Al_(x)CoCrFeNiC_(0.01) high-entropy alloys using scanning vibration electrode technique

The effect of micro structure on the corrosion resistance of Al_(x)CoCrFeNiC_(0.01)(x=0.2,0.7,and 1.2)high-entropy alloys(HEAs) was systematically studied in this work.The microstructure evolution by regulating the Al content was analyzed in detail.Corrosion behavior was in situ monitored using the scanning vibration electrode technique,as well as some traditional electrochemical measurements.It is interesting to find that the compositions of body-centered cubic(bcc) and face-centered cubic(fcc)phases changed with the rising Al content,while the corresponding electrochemical responses for both phases were discriminated using the scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy method.Cr element was mainly distributed in the bcc phase for Al0.2(x=0.2) alloy,while its distribution changed to the fcc phase for the A10.7 and Al1.2alloys.The micro-galvanic corrosion cells formed between Cr-depleted and Cr-rich phases,resulting in the localized corrosion behaviors for the Al_(x)CoCrFeNiC_(0.01) HEAs,and the order for anti-corrosion property was Al0.2>Al1.2> Al0.7 HEAs.

The synthesis and photoactivated cytotoxicity of novel 5-phenyl-3-(2,2':5',2"-terthien-5-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazolines

A series of novel 5-phenyl-3-（2,2＇：5＇,2″-terthien-5-yl）-4,5-dihydro-lH-pyrazolines were synthesized in this report. Their photoactivated cytotoxicities on the 5podoptera litura （SL） cell line were evaluated using the MTT method. It was noticed that the inhibitory activities of all the conjugates was enhanced when irradiated with UV-A light. Compounds 4, 6 and 8 were found to be most effective with inhibition rates of 88.1%, 88.0%, and 90,5%, respectively, For compound B, the inhibition rate value was only slightly enhanced under the irradiation treatment （78.3%） compared to the dark treatment （74.8%）. The relationship analysis between structure and activity showed that the middle thiophene ring played an important role on the inhibitory activities. It was shown that these compounds could be the potential candidates for new photoactivated pesticides.

Design and performance of air flow-assisted ionization imaging mass spectrometry system

The imaging mass spectrometry（IMS） technology has experienced a rapid development in recent years.A new IMS technology which is based on air flow assisted ionization（AFAI） was reported.It allows for the convenient pretreatment of the samples and can image a large area of sample in a single measurement with high sensitivity.The AFAI in DESI mode was used as the ion source in this paper.The new IMS method is named AFADESI-IMS.The adoption of assisted air flow makes the sample pretreatment easy and convenient.An optimization of the distance between the ion transport tube and MS orifice increases the sensitivity of the system.For data processing,a program based on MATLAB with the function of numerical analysis was developed.A theoretical imaging resolution of a few hundred microns can be achieved.The composite AFAI-IMS images of different target analytes were imaged with high sensitivity.A typical AFAI-IMS image of the whole-body section of a rat was obtained in a single analytical measurement.The ability to image a large area for relevant samples in a single measurement with high sensitivity and repeatability is a significant advantage.The method has enormous potentials in the MS imaging of large and complicated samples.