A General Calculating Method of Rotor’s Torsional Stiffness Based on Stiffness Influence Coefficient

In order to develop a general calculating rotor’s torsional stiffness based on stiffness influence coefficient for different rotor assembling, the calculation method of the torsional stiffness influence coefficient of equal thickness disc is researched in this paper at first. Then the torsional stiffness influence coefficient λ of equal thickness disc is fit to a binary curved face and a calculation equation is obtained based on a large quantity of calculating data, which lays the foundation for research on a general calculating method of rotor torsional stiffness. Thirdly a simplified calculation method for equivalent stiffness diameter of stepped equal thickness disc and cone disc in the steam turbine generators is suggested. Finally a general calculating program for calculating rotor’s torsional vibration features is developed, and the torsional vibration features of a verity of steam turbine rotors are calculated for verification. The calculating results show that stiffness influence coefficient λ of equal-thickness disc depends on parameters of B and H, as well as the stiffness influence coefficient λ;and discs with complex structure can be simplified to equal-thickness discs with little error by using the method suggested in this paper;error can be controlled within 1% when equivalent diameter of stiffness is calculated by this method.

High sensitivity plasmonic temperature sensor based on a side-polished photonic crystal fiber

A high sensitivity plasmonic temperature sensor based on a side-polished photonic crystal fiber is proposed in this work.In order to achieve high sensitivity and high stability,the gold layer is coated on the side-polished photonic crystal fiber to support surface plasmon resonance.The mixture of ethanol and chloroform is used as the thermosensitive liquid.The performances of the proposed temperature sensor were investigated by the finite element method(FEM).Simulation results indicate that the sensitivity of the temperature sensor is as high as 7.82 nm/℃.It has good linearity(R;=0.99803),the resolution of 1.1×10;℃,and the amplitude sensitivity of 0.1008℃;.In addition,the sizes of the small air hole and polishing depth have little influence on the sensitivity.Therefore,the proposed sensor shows a high structure tolerance.The excellent performance and high structure tolerance of the sensor make it an appropriate choice for temperature measurement.

Advances in micro-nano biosensing platforms for intracellular electrophysiology

The establishment of a dependable electrophysiological detection platform is paramount for cardiology and neuroscience research.In the past decade,devices based on micro and nanoscale sensing and control technologies have been developed to construct electrophysiological platforms.Their unique morphological advantages and novel processing methods offer the potential for high-throughput,high-fidelity electrical signal recording.In this review,we analyze the structure,transmembrane strategies,and electrophysiological detection methods of active/passive micro and nano sensing platforms.We also provide an outlook on their vast potential for development in light of the opportunities and challenges facing micro and nano sensing technology,with the aim of pushing for higher-level electrophysiological platform construction to meet the needs of experimental research and clinical applications.

Evaluating transit operator efficiency:An enhanced DEA model with constrained fuzzy-AHP cones

This study addresses efforts to comb the Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP） with Data Envelopment Analysis （DEA） to deliver a robust enhanced DEA model for transit operator efficiency assessment. The proposed model is designed to better capture inherent preferences information over input and output indicators by adding constraint cones to the conventional DEA model. A revised fuzzy-AHP model is employed to generate cones, where the proposed model features the integration of the fuzzy logic with a hierarchical AHP structure to： 1） normalize the scales of different evaluation indicators, 2） construct the matrix of pairwise comparisons with fuzzy set, and 3） optimize the weight of each criterion with a nonlinear programming model. With introduction of cone-based constraints, the new system offers accounting advantages in the interaction among indicators when evaluating the performance of transit operators. To illustrate the applicability of the proposed approach, a real case in Nanjing City, the capital of China＇s Jiangsu Province, has been selected to assess the efficiencies of seven bus companies based on 2009 and 2010 datasets. A comparison between conventional DEA and enhanced DEA was also conducted to clarify the new system＇s superiority. Results reveal that the proposed model is more applicable in evaluating transit operator＇s efficiency thus encouraging a boarder range of applications.

Photonic engineering of superbroadband near-infrared emission in nanoglass composites containing hybrid metal and dielectric nanocrystals

Photonic media containing hybrid noble metal-dielectric nanocrystals(NCs)represent a wonderland of nanophotonics,with a myriad of uncharted optical functions yet to be explored.Capitalizing on the unique phase separation and spontaneous formation of Au-metal NCs in a gallosilicate glass,we fabricated Ni^2+-doped transparent nanoglass composites(GCs)containing Au-metal/γ-Ga2O3-dielectric NCs.Compared with GCs free of Au-metal NCs,the super broadband near-infrared emission of Ni^2+with a full width at half-maximum over280 nm is enhanced twice in the Au-metal/γ-Ga2O3 dual-phase GCs.A comparison is given as to the spontaneous emission(SPE)properties of Ni^2+in the dual-phase GCs when pumped resonantly and off-resonantly with the localized surface plasmon resonance band of the Au-metal NCs.The important role of the Au-metal NCs in the SPE enhancement is revealed by theoretical simulation based on the finite-element method.Combining the photonic engineering effect of hybrid Au-metal/γ-Ga2O3 NCs and the sensitization effect of Yb^3+on Ni^2+,a record-high enhancement factor of over 10 of the Ni^2+NIR emission is achieved,and optical gain is demonstrated in the GCs at the fiber communication wavelength.

Comparing independent climate-sensitive models of aboveground biomass and diame ter grow th with their compatible simultaneous model system for three larch species in China

Accurate estimate of tree biomass is essential for forest management.In recent years,several climate-sensitive allometric biomass models with diameter at breast height(D)as a predictor have been proposed for various tree species and climate zones to estimate tree aboveground biomass(AGB).But the allometric models only account for the potential effects of climate on tree biomass and do not simultaneously explain the influence of climate on D growth.In this study,based on the AGB data from 256 destructively sampled trees of three larch species randomly distributed across the five secondary climate zones in northeastern and northern China,we first developed a climate-sensitive AGB base model and a climate-sensitive D growth base model using a nonlinear least square regression separately.A compatible simultaneous model system was then developed with the climate-sensitive AGB and D growth models using a nonlinear seemingly unrelated regression.The potential effects of several temperature and precipitation variables on AGB and D growth were evaluated.The fitting results of climatic sensitive base models were compared against those of their compatible simultaneous model system.It was found that a decreased isothermality([mean of monthly(maximum temperatureminimum temperature)]/(Maximum temperature of the warmest month-Minimum temperature of the coldest month))and total growing season precipitation,and increased annual precipitation significantly increased the values of AGB;an increase of temperature seasonality(a standard deviation of the mean monthly temperature)and precipitation seasonality(a standard deviation of the mean monthly precipitation)could lead to the increase of D.The differences of the model fitting results between the compatible simultaneous system with the consideration of climate effects on both AGB and D growth and its corresponding climate-sensitive AGB and D growth base models were very small and insignificant(p>0.05).Compared to the base models,the inhere nt correlation of AGB with D was taken into account effectively by the proposed compatible model system developed with the climate-sensitive AGB and D grow th models.In addition,the compatible properties of the estimated AGB and D were also addressed substantially in the proposed model system.

Laparoscopic management of benign splenic tumors in children

Background The splenic tumor is relatively rare in children.However,diagnosing and managing this disease remain controversial.This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and pathological features of benign splenic tumors and to explore the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic splenectomy in children.Methods The clinical data of all patients who were diagnosed with benign splenic tumors and admitted to our center between January 2014 and December 2020 were analyzed retrospectively.Factors that were documented included demographic criteria,clinical manifestations,preoperative examinations,surgical methods,histopathological characteristics,postoperative complications and outcomes.Results Totally,24 consecutive patients with a mean age of 10.21±2.59 years were operated laparoscopically.Nine patients presented with recurrent abdominal pain,vomiting or backache.The remaining 15 cases were asymptomatic and were identified incidentally.Laparoscopic total splenectomy(LTS)was performed in 12 cases,laparoscopic partial splenectomy(LPS)in 9 cases and deroofing of splenic cyst in 3 cases.No significant differences were observed in operation time,intraoperative bleeding and postoperative abdominal drainage between the LTS and LPS groups.Histopathology examination reported 12 cases of splenic epithelial cyst,5 cases of splenic lymphangioma or lymphatic malformation,3 cases of splenic hamartoma,3 cases of splenic littoral cell angioma and 1 case of splenic hemangioma.No postoperative complications and tumor recurrence were observed.Conclusions It is still difficult to precisely diagnose the splenic tumor preoperatively.Laparoscopic splenectomy is safe and feasible in treating the benign splenic tumors,and partial splenectomy is of great significance in preserving the immune function in children.

Laparoscopic surgery for congenital biliary dilatation accompanied by accessory hepatic ducts:a report of seven cases

Congenital biliary dilatation(CBD)is a congenital biliary tract anomaly characterized by expansion of the common bile duct and is thus known clinically as a choledochal cyst.The form of CBD varies,and the commonly used clinical classification was described by Todani et al.1 Pancreaticobiliary maljunc-tion is reported to be present in 30%-96%of patients with CBD.23 The main aims of laparoscopic surgery include resection of the dilated biliary ducts,gallbladder,pancreatic-bile diversion,and biliary tract reconstruc-tion.