Efficient utilization of glass fiber separator for low-cost sodium-ion batteries

The separator is a key component of sodium-ion battery,which greatly affects the electrochemical performances and safety characteristics of the battery.Conventional glass fiber separator cannot meet the requirements of large-scale application because of high cost and poor mechanical properties.Herein,the novel composite separators are prepared by a simple slurry sieving process using glass fiber separator scraps and ordinary qualitative filter paper as raw materials.As the composite mass ratio is 1:1,the composite separator has excellent comprehensive properties,including tensile strength of 15.8 MPa,porosity of 74.3%,ionic conductivity of 1.57×10^(-3)S·cm^(-1)and thermal stability at 210℃.The assembled sodium-ion battery shows superior cycling performance(capacity retention of 94.1%after 500 cycles at 1C)and rate capacity(retention rate of 87.3%at 10C),and it maintains fine interface stability.The above results provide some new ideas for the separator design of high-performance and low-cost sodium-ion batteries.

Optimization of Fermentation Medium for Producing α-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid by Using Plackett-Burman Design and Response Surface Methodology

Plackett-Burman design and response surface methodology were applied in order to optimize the fermentation medium of (R)-α-hydroxyphenylacetic acid ((R)-HPA) producing Bacillus sp. HZG-19. The factors playing important roles in the production of (R)-HPA were selected based on Plackett-Burman design. The path of steepest ascent was undertaken to optimize said fermentation medium. Finally, the optimal levels of the factors with the greatest change in regard to product yield were further optimized using Box-Behnken and response surface analysis. The optimal conditions were found to be as follows: casein peptone 30.49 (g × L-1), glycerol 14.09 (g × L-1), KH2PO4 0.1345 (g × L-1), K2HPO4 0.01 (g × L-1), CaCl2 0.1 (g × L-1), MnSO4 0.01 (g × L-1). Under the optimal conditions described above, the yield of (R)-HPA reached 63.30%, which indicated an increase of 14.9%, as compared to the yield obtained before optimization.

In-situ formation of hierarchical solid-electrolyte interphase for ultra-long cycling of aqueous zinc-ion batteries

Aqueous rechargeable zinc ion batteries have received widespread attention due to their high energy density and low cost.However,zinc metal anodes face fatal dendrite growth and detrimental side reactions,which affect the cycle stability and practical application of zinc ion batteries.Here,an in-situ formed hierarchical solid-electrolyte interphase composed of InF3,In,and ZnF2 layers with outside-in orientation on the Zn anode(denoted as Zn@InF3)is developed by a sample InF3 coating.The inner ultrathin ZnF2 interface between Zn anode and InF3 layer formed by the spontaneous galvanic replacement reaction between InF3 and Zn,is conductive to achieving uniform Zn deposition and inhibits the growth of Zinc dendrites due to the high electrical resistivity and Zn2+conductivity.Meanwhile,the middle uniformly generated metallic In and outside InF3 layers functioning as corrosion inhibitor suppressing the side reaction due to the waterproof surfaces,good chemical inactivity,and high hydrogen evolution overpotential.Besides,the as-prepared zinc anode enables dendrite-free Zn plating/stripping for more than 6,000 h at nearly 100%coulombic efficiency(CE).Furthermore,coupled with the MnO2 cathode,the full battery exhibits the long cycle of up to 1,000 cycles with a low negative-to-positive electrode capacity(N/P)ratio of 2.8.

一种具有高能量密度、长循环寿命的水基可充电锰酸锂/锌实用电池

本文报道了一种达到实际使用规格的水基可充电锌离子大电池,该电池以锰酸锂为正极材料、锌粉为负极材料,电流10 A时其能量密度可达80 W h kg^-1,成本低于0.4 RMB kg^-1.该电池体系使用一种专门开发的石墨-尼龙复合集流体作为正极集流体,该复合集流体具有耐腐蚀性强、重量轻、价格便宜的特点.通过向电解液中添加尿素的方法有效地抑制了锌枝晶生长.该电池在10 A电流下充放电400次,容量保留率达到90%.该电池可应用于电动自行车、混动汽车及其他储能领域.

Large-scale preparation of black phosphorus by molten salt method for energy storage

Black phosphorus(BP)is a new layered material in concept,which has attracted great interest due to its fascinat-ing optical and electrochemical properties.Here,we report the large scale synthesis of BP(20 g)by reducing PCl 5 with metallic Al in melt AlCl 3 at 300°C.X-ray diffraction indicates the orthorhombic structure of BP and Raman spectrum shows that there is no obvious impurities.BP samples consist of micron-sized clusters of about 2μm aggregated by flake-like nanoparticles with 20-100 nm.When used as anode materials for lithium ion battery,it exhibits a high specific capacity of 1610 m Ah g−1 at a current density of 0.1C,and cycle life up to 1000 cycles at a current density of 5C.In addition,through gradient centrifugation of as-prepared BP samples,gram-scale BP quantum dots can be obtained.

Bipolar electrode architecture enables high-energy aqueous rechargeable sodium ion battery

Aqueous rechargeable sodium ion batteries(ARSIBs),with intrinsic safety,low cost,and greenness,are attracting more and more attentions for large scale energy storage application.However,the low energy density hampers their practical application.Here,a battery architecture designed by bipolar electrode with graphite/amorphous carbon film as current collector shows high energy density and excellent rate-capability.The bipolar electrode architecture is designed to not only improve energy density of practical battery by minimizing inactive ingredient,such as tabs and cases,but also guarantee high rate-capability through a short electron transport distance in the through-plane direction instead of in-plane direction for traditional cell architecture.As a proof of concept,a prototype pouch cell of 8 V based on six Na_(2)MnFe(CN)_(6)||NaTi_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)bipolar electrodes stacking using a“water-in-polymer”gel electrolyte is demonstrated to cycle up to 4,000 times,with a high energy density of 86 Wh·kg^(−1)based on total mass of both cathode and anode.This result opens a new avenue to develop advance high-energy ARSIBs for grid-scale energy storage applications.

First-line camrelizumab(a PD-1 inhibitor)plus apatinib(an VEGFR-2 inhibitor)and chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer(SPACE):a phase 1 study

Patients with advanced gastric cancer typically face a grim prognosis.This phase 1a(dose escalation)and phase 1b(dose expansion)study investigated safety and efficacy of first-line camrelizumab plus apatinib and chemotherapyfor advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.The primary endpoints included maximum tolerated dose(MTD)in phase 1a and objective response rate(ORR)across phase 1a and 1b.Phase 1a tested three dose regimens of camrelizumab,apatinib,oxaliplatin,and S-1.Dose regimen 1:camrelizumab 200 mg on day 1,apatinib 250 mg every other day,oxaliplatin 100 mg/m^(2) on day 1,and S-140 mg twice a day on days 1-14.Dose regimen 2:same as dose regimen 1,but oxaliplatin 130mg/m.Dose regimen3:same as dose regimen 2,but apatinib 250 mg daily.Thirty-four patients were included(9 in phase 1a,25 in phase 1b).No dose-limiting toxicities occurred so no MTD was identified.Dose 3 was set for the recommended phase 2 doses and administered in phase 1b.The confrmed ORR was 76.5%(95%CI 58.8-89.3).The median progression-free survival was 8.4 months(95%CI 5.9-not evaluable[NE]),and the median overall survival(OS)was not mature(11.6-NE).Ten patients underwent surgery after treatment and the multidisciplinary team evaluation.Among 24 patients without surgery,the median OS was 19.6 months(7.8-NE).Eighteen patients(52.9%)developed grade≥3 treatment-emergent adverse events.Camrelizumab plus apatinib and chemotherapy showed favorable clinical outcomes and manageable safety for untreated advanced gastric cancer(ChiCTR2000034109).