Jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.),or Chinese date,is the most important species of Rhamnaceae,a large cosmopolitan family,and is one of the oldest cultivated fruit trees in the world.It originates from the middle and lowe...Jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.),or Chinese date,is the most important species of Rhamnaceae,a large cosmopolitan family,and is one of the oldest cultivated fruit trees in the world.It originates from the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River,the‘mother river’of the Chinese people.It is distributed in at least 48 countries on all continents except Antarctica and is becoming increasingly important,especially in arid and semiarid marginal lands.Based on a systematic analysis of the unique characteristics of jujube,we suggest that it deserves to be recognized as a superfruit.We summarized historical research achievements from the past 3000 years and reviewed recent research advances since 1949 in seven fields,including genome sequencing and application,germplasm resources and systematic taxonomy,breeding and genetics,cultivation theory and techniques,pest control,postharvest physiology and techniques,and nutrition and processing.Based on the challenges facing the jujube industry,we discuss eight research aspects to be focused on in the future.展开更多
Background and Objective Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a fatal disease resulting from various causes. Studies from abroad have shown iron deficiency (ID) is closely associated with disease progression.This associatio...Background and Objective Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a fatal disease resulting from various causes. Studies from abroad have shown iron deficiency (ID) is closely associated with disease progression.This association is common in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)that belongs to World Health Organization group 1 PH. However, ID prevalence in Chinese patients suffering from PH is unclear so far.展开更多
Fruit lignification is due to lignin deposition in the cell wall during cell development.However,there are few studies on the regulation of cell wall lignification and lignin biosynthesis during fruit pigmentation.In ...Fruit lignification is due to lignin deposition in the cell wall during cell development.However,there are few studies on the regulation of cell wall lignification and lignin biosynthesis during fruit pigmentation.In this study,we investigated the regulation of cell wall lignification and lignin biosynthesis during pigmentation of winter jujube.The cellulose content decreased,while the lignin content increased in the winter jujube pericarp during pigmentation.Safranin O-fast green staining showed that the cellulose content was higher in the cell wall of winter jujube prior to pigmentation,whereas the lignin in the cell wall increased after pigmentation.The thickness of the epidermal cells decreased with pericarp pigmentation.A combined metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis showed that guaiacyl-syringyl(G-S)lignin was the main lignin type in the pericarp of winter jujube,and F5H(LOC107424406)and CCR(LOC107420974)were preliminarily identified as the key genes modulating lignin biosynthesis in winter jujube.Seventeen MYB and six NAC transcription factors(TFs)with potential regulation of lignin biosynthesis were screened out based on phylogenetic analysis.Three MYB and two NAC TFs were selected as candidate genes and further studied in detail.Arabidopsis ectopic expression and winter jujube pericarp injection of the candidate genes indicated that the MYB activator(LOC107425254)and the MYB repressor(LOC107415078)control lignin biosynthesis by regulating CCR and F5H,while the NAC(LOC107435239)TF promotes F5H expression and positively regulates lignin biosynthesis.These findings revealed the lignin biosynthetic pathway and associated genes during pigmentation of winter jujube pericarp and provide a basis for further research on lignin regulation.展开更多
Rationale PH is a pathophysiological disorder involving multiple clinical conditions and is often concomitant with other cardiopulmonary diseases,and related differential diagnosis is quite tricky for its various etio...Rationale PH is a pathophysiological disorder involving multiple clinical conditions and is often concomitant with other cardiopulmonary diseases,and related differential diagnosis is quite tricky for its various etiologies.Patient characteristics A 49-year-old man presented with 1-year history of nocturnal paroxysmal dyspnea and was transferred to our hospital.展开更多
Background and Objective Pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH)is a pathophysiological disorder characterized by increased pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular remodeling,its mechanism remains unclear.Tran...Background and Objective Pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH)is a pathophysiological disorder characterized by increased pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular remodeling,its mechanism remains unclear.Transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)family plays a pivotal role in pulmonary arterial hypertension.SB525334 is a selective inhibitor of TGF-βreceptor 1,this study aimed to investigate the effects of SB525334 on the alleviation of monocrotalineinduced pulmonary hypertension.展开更多
Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of vectorcardiography(VCG)combined with color Doppler echocardiography(CDE)for acute inferior myocardial infarction(MI)culprit vessel.Methods:A total of 82 patients who had be...Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of vectorcardiography(VCG)combined with color Doppler echocardiography(CDE)for acute inferior myocardial infarction(MI)culprit vessel.Methods:A total of 82 patients who had been clinically diagnosed as acute inferior MI and had received coronary arteriography(CAG)were selected as research objects.They received bedside VCG and CDE examinations after admission.Their culprit vessels were analyzed and compared with CAG results to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency.Results:The detection rate of acute inferior MI culprit vessel by VCG combined with CDE was 76.83%,including 18 left circumflex(LCX)branches and 45 right coronary arteries(RCA).The lower left constituent ratio of LCX was 61.11%,which was significantly higher than 20.00%in RCA(p<0.05);the lower right constituent ratio of RCA was 71.11%,which was much higher than 11.11%in LCX(p<0.05);the sensitivity and the accuracy of RCA culprit vessel judged with frontal plane ST-vector pointing to the lower right quadrant were 71.11%and 53.33%respectively;the diagnostic efficiency of LCX culprit vessel judged with frontal plane ST-vector pointing to the lower left quadrant was 61.11%and 50.00%respectively.The maximum amplitude of the frontal plane in LCX culprit vessel was significantly lower than that in RCA culprit vessel;and the frontal plane vector angle in LCX was significantly greater than that in RCA culprit vessel(p<0.05).Conclusions:VCG combined with CDE can effectively diagnose acute inferior MI.It has a good diagnostic efficiency by judging culprit vessels according to the frontal plane ST-vector direction.展开更多
Since the demands for lithium have been in explosive growth recently and several great clay lithium resources were founded in China,the development and utilization of clay-type lithium resources become a hot topic.In ...Since the demands for lithium have been in explosive growth recently and several great clay lithium resources were founded in China,the development and utilization of clay-type lithium resources become a hot topic.In order to provide a guidance for the concentration and extracting lithium of clay-type lithium resources,this review systematically summarized the main types and characteristics of clay-type lithium resources and the research status of lithium extraction from clay lithium resources.Meanwhile,the flotation research status of the main mineral of clay lithium ore was also summarized.Furthermore,we discussed the difficulties in the development and utilization of clay-type lithium ore and put forward the subsequent research orientation.This paper can provide a guidance for the con-centration and extracting lithium of clay-type lithium resources in the future.展开更多
A roasting-leaching test was carried out for the efficient utilization of clay-type lithium ore in the central region of Yunnan province.The test used the mixed acid of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid as the leachin...A roasting-leaching test was carried out for the efficient utilization of clay-type lithium ore in the central region of Yunnan province.The test used the mixed acid of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid as the leaching agent.Under the conditions of roasting temperature of 600℃,roasting time of 1 h,liquid-solid ratio of 5:1,volume ratio of H_(2)SO_(4)solution to H_(3)PO_(4)solution of 45:5,leaching time of 2 h and leaching temperature of 80℃,the leaching rate of lithium was as high as 97.83%.The leaching mechanism was studied by SEM,pore property analysis,XRD and XPS.It was found that the morphology of the ore changed obviously after roasting and leaching,and a certain degree of collapse and fragmentation occurred,which provided favorable spatial conditions for the leaching of lithium.The porosity,total intrusion volume and total pore area also increased after roasting and leaching,thus promoting the leaching of Li^(+).The results showed that chemical reaction taken placed during the roasting and leaching.The phase of the sample changed from chlorite,kaolinite and diaspore(boehmite)mainly to corundum,hematite,periclase and quartz after roasting.However,after leaching,no new phase was produced in the ore sample,and no S and P elements were found on the surface of the ore sample,indicating that the leaching mechanism of lithium might be the ion exchange between H^(+)and Li^(+).展开更多
Dear Editor,Jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.),commonly called Chinese jujube,is a vital member of the Rhamnaceae family.It is famous for its tolerance to dry,barren,and saline-alkali soils,and its fruit has important nutr...Dear Editor,Jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.),commonly called Chinese jujube,is a vital member of the Rhamnaceae family.It is famous for its tolerance to dry,barren,and saline-alkali soils,and its fruit has important nutritional and medicinal value.Recent fundamental research on jujube has involved assembly of draft genome sequences for the fresh-eating cultivar‘Dongzao’(Liu et al.,2014),dry-eating cultivar‘Junzao’(Huang et al.,2016),and wild sour jujube‘Suanzao’(Shen et al.,2021).展开更多
There is an emerging need for high-sensitivity solar-blind deep ultraviolet(DUV)photodetectors with an ultra-fast response speed.Although nanoscale devices based on Ga_(2)O_(3)nanostructures have been developed,their ...There is an emerging need for high-sensitivity solar-blind deep ultraviolet(DUV)photodetectors with an ultra-fast response speed.Although nanoscale devices based on Ga_(2)O_(3)nanostructures have been developed,their practical applications are greatly limited by their slow response speed as well as low specific detectivity.Here,the successful fabrication of two-/three-dimensional(2D/3D)graphene(Gr)/PtSe2/β-Ga_(2)O_(3)Schottky junction devices for high-sensitivity solar-blind DUV photodetectors is demonstrated.Benefitting from the high-quality 2D/3D Schottky junction,the vertically stacked structure,and the superior-quality transparent graphene electrode for effective carrier collection,the photodetector is highly sensitive to DUV light illumination and achieves a high responsivity of 76.2 mA/W,a large on/off current ratio of~105,along with an ultra-high ultraviolet(UV)/visible rejection ratio of 1.8×104.More importantly,it has an ultra-fast response time of 12µs and a remarkable specific detectivity of~1013 Jones.Finally,an excellent DUV imaging capability has been identified based on the Gr/PtSe2/β-Ga_(2)O_(3)Schottky junction photodetector,demonstrating its great potential application in DUV imaging systems.展开更多
Many animals exhibit strong mechanical interlocking in order to achieve efficient climbing against rough surfaces by using their claws in the pads. To maximally use the mechanical interlocking, an innovative robot whi...Many animals exhibit strong mechanical interlocking in order to achieve efficient climbing against rough surfaces by using their claws in the pads. To maximally use the mechanical interlocking, an innovative robot which utilizes flexible pad with claws is designed. The mechanism for attachments of the claws against rough surfaces is further revealed according to the theoretical analysis. Moreover, the effects of the key parameters on the performances of the climbing robots are obtained. It indicates that decreasing the size of the tip of the claws while maintaining its stiffness unchanged can effectively improve the attachment ability. Furthermore, the structure of robot body and two foot trajectories are proposed and the new robot is presented. Using experimental tests, it demonstrates that this robot has high stability and adaptability while climbing on vertical rough surfaces up to a speed of 4.6 cm.s^-1.展开更多
The fruit of Chinese jujube(Ziziphus jujuba)possesses extremely high concentrations of ascorbic acid(As A).The accumulation of As A,the expression patterns of the nine genes related to As A metabolism as well as the a...The fruit of Chinese jujube(Ziziphus jujuba)possesses extremely high concentrations of ascorbic acid(As A).The accumulation of As A,the expression patterns of the nine genes related to As A metabolism as well as the activities of five enzymes involved in As A synthesis,oxidation and recycling were investigated during fruit development in Z.jujuba Mill.‘Jinsixiaozao'.The results showed that the high level of As A accumulation in jujube fruit is due to a contribution from both As A biosynthesis and As A recycling.It is suggested that L-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase,ascorbate peroxidase and monodehydro-ascorbate reductase are the crucial genes/enzymes of jujube As A synthesis,oxidization and recycling,respectively.These results provide useful new insights into the regulatory mechanisms of As A accumulation in Chinese jujube.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the Significant Fund of Hebei Province Natural Science Foundation(grant number C2017204114)the National Science and Technology Support Plan of China(2019YFD1001605)the National Ten Thousand Talents Plan Leadership Project,and the Beijing Municipal Education Commission(CEFF-PXM2019_014207_000099).
文摘Jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.),or Chinese date,is the most important species of Rhamnaceae,a large cosmopolitan family,and is one of the oldest cultivated fruit trees in the world.It originates from the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River,the‘mother river’of the Chinese people.It is distributed in at least 48 countries on all continents except Antarctica and is becoming increasingly important,especially in arid and semiarid marginal lands.Based on a systematic analysis of the unique characteristics of jujube,we suggest that it deserves to be recognized as a superfruit.We summarized historical research achievements from the past 3000 years and reviewed recent research advances since 1949 in seven fields,including genome sequencing and application,germplasm resources and systematic taxonomy,breeding and genetics,cultivation theory and techniques,pest control,postharvest physiology and techniques,and nutrition and processing.Based on the challenges facing the jujube industry,we discuss eight research aspects to be focused on in the future.
文摘Background and Objective Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a fatal disease resulting from various causes. Studies from abroad have shown iron deficiency (ID) is closely associated with disease progression.This association is common in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)that belongs to World Health Organization group 1 PH. However, ID prevalence in Chinese patients suffering from PH is unclear so far.
基金This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2019YFD1001605)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CXGC2017D01 and CXGC2018E22)+4 种基金Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences introduction and training of high-level talents(1-18-078)the Science and Technology Research Project of University in Hebei Province(QN2020205)the Shandong Key Research and Development Program(2016GNC113015 and 2019GNC106061)the Shandong Agricultural Applied Technology Innovation Project(2017)he Shandong Provincial Natural Science Fund(ZR2020QC141).
文摘Fruit lignification is due to lignin deposition in the cell wall during cell development.However,there are few studies on the regulation of cell wall lignification and lignin biosynthesis during fruit pigmentation.In this study,we investigated the regulation of cell wall lignification and lignin biosynthesis during pigmentation of winter jujube.The cellulose content decreased,while the lignin content increased in the winter jujube pericarp during pigmentation.Safranin O-fast green staining showed that the cellulose content was higher in the cell wall of winter jujube prior to pigmentation,whereas the lignin in the cell wall increased after pigmentation.The thickness of the epidermal cells decreased with pericarp pigmentation.A combined metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis showed that guaiacyl-syringyl(G-S)lignin was the main lignin type in the pericarp of winter jujube,and F5H(LOC107424406)and CCR(LOC107420974)were preliminarily identified as the key genes modulating lignin biosynthesis in winter jujube.Seventeen MYB and six NAC transcription factors(TFs)with potential regulation of lignin biosynthesis were screened out based on phylogenetic analysis.Three MYB and two NAC TFs were selected as candidate genes and further studied in detail.Arabidopsis ectopic expression and winter jujube pericarp injection of the candidate genes indicated that the MYB activator(LOC107425254)and the MYB repressor(LOC107415078)control lignin biosynthesis by regulating CCR and F5H,while the NAC(LOC107435239)TF promotes F5H expression and positively regulates lignin biosynthesis.These findings revealed the lignin biosynthetic pathway and associated genes during pigmentation of winter jujube pericarp and provide a basis for further research on lignin regulation.
文摘Rationale PH is a pathophysiological disorder involving multiple clinical conditions and is often concomitant with other cardiopulmonary diseases,and related differential diagnosis is quite tricky for its various etiologies.Patient characteristics A 49-year-old man presented with 1-year history of nocturnal paroxysmal dyspnea and was transferred to our hospital.
文摘Background and Objective Pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH)is a pathophysiological disorder characterized by increased pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular remodeling,its mechanism remains unclear.Transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)family plays a pivotal role in pulmonary arterial hypertension.SB525334 is a selective inhibitor of TGF-βreceptor 1,this study aimed to investigate the effects of SB525334 on the alleviation of monocrotalineinduced pulmonary hypertension.
文摘Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of vectorcardiography(VCG)combined with color Doppler echocardiography(CDE)for acute inferior myocardial infarction(MI)culprit vessel.Methods:A total of 82 patients who had been clinically diagnosed as acute inferior MI and had received coronary arteriography(CAG)were selected as research objects.They received bedside VCG and CDE examinations after admission.Their culprit vessels were analyzed and compared with CAG results to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency.Results:The detection rate of acute inferior MI culprit vessel by VCG combined with CDE was 76.83%,including 18 left circumflex(LCX)branches and 45 right coronary arteries(RCA).The lower left constituent ratio of LCX was 61.11%,which was significantly higher than 20.00%in RCA(p<0.05);the lower right constituent ratio of RCA was 71.11%,which was much higher than 11.11%in LCX(p<0.05);the sensitivity and the accuracy of RCA culprit vessel judged with frontal plane ST-vector pointing to the lower right quadrant were 71.11%and 53.33%respectively;the diagnostic efficiency of LCX culprit vessel judged with frontal plane ST-vector pointing to the lower left quadrant was 61.11%and 50.00%respectively.The maximum amplitude of the frontal plane in LCX culprit vessel was significantly lower than that in RCA culprit vessel;and the frontal plane vector angle in LCX was significantly greater than that in RCA culprit vessel(p<0.05).Conclusions:VCG combined with CDE can effectively diagnose acute inferior MI.It has a good diagnostic efficiency by judging culprit vessels according to the frontal plane ST-vector direction.
基金supported by Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects (grant No.202201BE070001-016).Figs.2-4 were draw by Figdraw.
文摘Since the demands for lithium have been in explosive growth recently and several great clay lithium resources were founded in China,the development and utilization of clay-type lithium resources become a hot topic.In order to provide a guidance for the concentration and extracting lithium of clay-type lithium resources,this review systematically summarized the main types and characteristics of clay-type lithium resources and the research status of lithium extraction from clay lithium resources.Meanwhile,the flotation research status of the main mineral of clay lithium ore was also summarized.Furthermore,we discussed the difficulties in the development and utilization of clay-type lithium ore and put forward the subsequent research orientation.This paper can provide a guidance for the con-centration and extracting lithium of clay-type lithium resources in the future.
基金supported by Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(grant No.202201BE070001-016)project from Technology Innovation Center for Comprehensive Utilization of Strategic Mineral Resources,Ministry of Natural Resources(grant No.CCUM-KY-2308)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant No.52304288)project“Study on high efficiency utilization of multicomponent in clay lithium ore with low temperature roasting”from Xing Dian Talent Program of Yunnan province.
文摘A roasting-leaching test was carried out for the efficient utilization of clay-type lithium ore in the central region of Yunnan province.The test used the mixed acid of sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid as the leaching agent.Under the conditions of roasting temperature of 600℃,roasting time of 1 h,liquid-solid ratio of 5:1,volume ratio of H_(2)SO_(4)solution to H_(3)PO_(4)solution of 45:5,leaching time of 2 h and leaching temperature of 80℃,the leaching rate of lithium was as high as 97.83%.The leaching mechanism was studied by SEM,pore property analysis,XRD and XPS.It was found that the morphology of the ore changed obviously after roasting and leaching,and a certain degree of collapse and fragmentation occurred,which provided favorable spatial conditions for the leaching of lithium.The porosity,total intrusion volume and total pore area also increased after roasting and leaching,thus promoting the leaching of Li^(+).The results showed that chemical reaction taken placed during the roasting and leaching.The phase of the sample changed from chlorite,kaolinite and diaspore(boehmite)mainly to corundum,hematite,periclase and quartz after roasting.However,after leaching,no new phase was produced in the ore sample,and no S and P elements were found on the surface of the ore sample,indicating that the leaching mechanism of lithium might be the ion exchange between H^(+)and Li^(+).
基金supported by the general program of the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,China(C2022204030)the general program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32171817)+2 种基金special research projects for the new talent of Hebei Agricultural University,Hebei Province,China(YJ2020025)the China Agricultural Research System(CARS-30-2-07)grants from the Hebei Province Key R&D Program(21326304D).
文摘Dear Editor,Jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.),commonly called Chinese jujube,is a vital member of the Rhamnaceae family.It is famous for its tolerance to dry,barren,and saline-alkali soils,and its fruit has important nutritional and medicinal value.Recent fundamental research on jujube has involved assembly of draft genome sequences for the fresh-eating cultivar‘Dongzao’(Liu et al.,2014),dry-eating cultivar‘Junzao’(Huang et al.,2016),and wild sour jujube‘Suanzao’(Shen et al.,2021).
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U2004165,51702017,and 11974016)the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province,China(No.202300410376)Research Grants Council of Hong Kong,China(No.GRF 152093/18E PolyU B-Q65N).
文摘There is an emerging need for high-sensitivity solar-blind deep ultraviolet(DUV)photodetectors with an ultra-fast response speed.Although nanoscale devices based on Ga_(2)O_(3)nanostructures have been developed,their practical applications are greatly limited by their slow response speed as well as low specific detectivity.Here,the successful fabrication of two-/three-dimensional(2D/3D)graphene(Gr)/PtSe2/β-Ga_(2)O_(3)Schottky junction devices for high-sensitivity solar-blind DUV photodetectors is demonstrated.Benefitting from the high-quality 2D/3D Schottky junction,the vertically stacked structure,and the superior-quality transparent graphene electrode for effective carrier collection,the photodetector is highly sensitive to DUV light illumination and achieves a high responsivity of 76.2 mA/W,a large on/off current ratio of~105,along with an ultra-high ultraviolet(UV)/visible rejection ratio of 1.8×104.More importantly,it has an ultra-fast response time of 12µs and a remarkable specific detectivity of~1013 Jones.Finally,an excellent DUV imaging capability has been identified based on the Gr/PtSe2/β-Ga_(2)O_(3)Schottky junction photodetector,demonstrating its great potential application in DUV imaging systems.
基金Acknowledgment This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （51375232） and Key Plan of Research and Development of Jiangsu Province （BE2017766）.
文摘Many animals exhibit strong mechanical interlocking in order to achieve efficient climbing against rough surfaces by using their claws in the pads. To maximally use the mechanical interlocking, an innovative robot which utilizes flexible pad with claws is designed. The mechanism for attachments of the claws against rough surfaces is further revealed according to the theoretical analysis. Moreover, the effects of the key parameters on the performances of the climbing robots are obtained. It indicates that decreasing the size of the tip of the claws while maintaining its stiffness unchanged can effectively improve the attachment ability. Furthermore, the structure of robot body and two foot trajectories are proposed and the new robot is presented. Using experimental tests, it demonstrates that this robot has high stability and adaptability while climbing on vertical rough surfaces up to a speed of 4.6 cm.s^-1.
基金supported by grants from the National Science and Technology Support Plan of China(2013BAD14B03)Agricultural University of Hebei Foundation for Leaders of Disciplines in Science Technology+1 种基金Top-notch Talent Support Project of Hebei ProvinceYouth Foundation of Hebei Educational Committee(QN2015232)
文摘The fruit of Chinese jujube(Ziziphus jujuba)possesses extremely high concentrations of ascorbic acid(As A).The accumulation of As A,the expression patterns of the nine genes related to As A metabolism as well as the activities of five enzymes involved in As A synthesis,oxidation and recycling were investigated during fruit development in Z.jujuba Mill.‘Jinsixiaozao'.The results showed that the high level of As A accumulation in jujube fruit is due to a contribution from both As A biosynthesis and As A recycling.It is suggested that L-galactono-1,4-lactone dehydrogenase,ascorbate peroxidase and monodehydro-ascorbate reductase are the crucial genes/enzymes of jujube As A synthesis,oxidization and recycling,respectively.These results provide useful new insights into the regulatory mechanisms of As A accumulation in Chinese jujube.
