NTRU is a lattice-based public key cryptosystem featuring reasonably short, easily created keys, high speed, and low memory requirements, seems viable for wireless network. This paper presents two optimized designs ba...NTRU is a lattice-based public key cryptosystem featuring reasonably short, easily created keys, high speed, and low memory requirements, seems viable for wireless network. This paper presents two optimized designs based on the enhanced NTRU algorithm. One is a light-weight and fast NTRU core, it performs encryption only. This work has a gate-count of 1175 gates and a power consumption of 1.51 μW. It can finish the whole encryption process in 1498 μs at 500 kHz. As such, it is perfect for wireless sensor network. Another high-speed NTRU core is capable of both encryption and decryption, with delays of 16,064 μs and 128,010 μs in encryption and decryption respectively. Moreover, it consists of 25,758 equivalent gates and has a total power consumption of 59.2 μW (it will be reduced greatly if low power methods were adopted). This core is recommended to be used in base stations or servers in wireless network.展开更多
In this paper, firstly we describe the piracy problem of embedded products. Then we formulate the security features of anti-piracy embedded products. Finally we prove that the anti-piracy measure using encryption of e...In this paper, firstly we describe the piracy problem of embedded products. Then we formulate the security features of anti-piracy embedded products. Finally we prove that the anti-piracy measure using encryption of embedded products may mitigate the security strength.展开更多
Plants have evolved complex physical and chemical defense systems that allow them to withstand herbivory infestation.Composed of a complex mixture of very-long-chain fatty acids(VLCFAs)and their derivatives,cuticular ...Plants have evolved complex physical and chemical defense systems that allow them to withstand herbivory infestation.Composed of a complex mixture of very-long-chain fatty acids(VLCFAs)and their derivatives,cuticular wax constitutes the first physical line of defense against herbivores.Here,we report the function of Glossy 8(ZmGL8),which encodes a 3-ketoacyl reductase belonging to the fatty acid elongase complex,in orchestrating wax production and jasmonic acid(JA)-mediated defenses against herbivores in maize(Zea mays).The mutation of GL8 enhanced chemical defenses by activating the JA-dependent pathway.We observed a trade-off between wax accumulation and JA levels across maize glossy mutants and 24 globally collected maize inbred lines.In addition,we demonstrated that mutants defective in cuticular wax biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana and maize exhibit enhanced chemical defenses.Comprehensive transcriptomic and lipidomic analyses indicated that the gl8 mutant confers chemical resistance to herbivores by remodeling VLCFA-related lipid metabolism and subsequent JA biosynthesis and signaling.These results suggest that VLCFA-related lipid metabolism has a critical role in regulating the trade-offs between cuticular wax and JA-mediated chemical defenses.展开更多
文摘NTRU is a lattice-based public key cryptosystem featuring reasonably short, easily created keys, high speed, and low memory requirements, seems viable for wireless network. This paper presents two optimized designs based on the enhanced NTRU algorithm. One is a light-weight and fast NTRU core, it performs encryption only. This work has a gate-count of 1175 gates and a power consumption of 1.51 μW. It can finish the whole encryption process in 1498 μs at 500 kHz. As such, it is perfect for wireless sensor network. Another high-speed NTRU core is capable of both encryption and decryption, with delays of 16,064 μs and 128,010 μs in encryption and decryption respectively. Moreover, it consists of 25,758 equivalent gates and has a total power consumption of 59.2 μW (it will be reduced greatly if low power methods were adopted). This core is recommended to be used in base stations or servers in wireless network.
文摘In this paper, firstly we describe the piracy problem of embedded products. Then we formulate the security features of anti-piracy embedded products. Finally we prove that the anti-piracy measure using encryption of embedded products may mitigate the security strength.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China to Chun-Peng Song (U21A20206)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32102187)+4 种基金Hainan Province Joint Cultivation Project (2021JJLH0014)to Xi Zhangthe Project of Sanya Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City (SCKJ-JYRC-2022-78) to Bao Zhu Lithe Program for Innovative Research Team (in Science and Technology) in the University of Henan Province (21IRTSTHN019) to Siyi Guothe Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities (111 Project, number D16014)Henan Province Key Research and Development Project (221111112200) to Shutang Zhou and Xi Zhang
文摘Plants have evolved complex physical and chemical defense systems that allow them to withstand herbivory infestation.Composed of a complex mixture of very-long-chain fatty acids(VLCFAs)and their derivatives,cuticular wax constitutes the first physical line of defense against herbivores.Here,we report the function of Glossy 8(ZmGL8),which encodes a 3-ketoacyl reductase belonging to the fatty acid elongase complex,in orchestrating wax production and jasmonic acid(JA)-mediated defenses against herbivores in maize(Zea mays).The mutation of GL8 enhanced chemical defenses by activating the JA-dependent pathway.We observed a trade-off between wax accumulation and JA levels across maize glossy mutants and 24 globally collected maize inbred lines.In addition,we demonstrated that mutants defective in cuticular wax biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana and maize exhibit enhanced chemical defenses.Comprehensive transcriptomic and lipidomic analyses indicated that the gl8 mutant confers chemical resistance to herbivores by remodeling VLCFA-related lipid metabolism and subsequent JA biosynthesis and signaling.These results suggest that VLCFA-related lipid metabolism has a critical role in regulating the trade-offs between cuticular wax and JA-mediated chemical defenses.
