Identification of Prognostic Related Hub Genes in Clear-Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma via Bioinformatical Analysis

Objective To identify new genes that correlate with prognosis of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma(ccRCC)via bioinformatics analysis.Methods The gene expression profiles of 62 ccRCC and 54 normal kidney tissues were available from the Gene Expression Omnibus database:GSE12606,GSE36895 and GSE66272.The differentially expressed genes were screened with GEO2R and J Venn online tools.Functional annotation including Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)was applied to identify the possible function of the hub genes involved in prognosis of ccRCC.In protein protein interaction network(PPI network),the STRING online tool was used to visualize the network of the differentially expressed genes,and the core gene was selected by MCODE App in Cytoscape software.Finally,GEPIA Survival Plot was performed to assess genes associated with worse survival.Results We totally found 648 diflerentially expressed genes,including 222 up-regulated genes and 426 down-regulated genes.PPI network showed that in 28 up-regulated genes 7(CCNE2,CDK1,CDC6,CCNB2,BUB1,TTK and PTTG1)enriched in cell cycle and 4 genes(CCNE2,CDK1,CCNB2 and RRM2)enriched in p53 signaling pathway.GEPIA Survival Plot assay revealed that ccRCC patients carrying CDK1,CCNB2,RRM2t BUB1,and PTTG1 had a worse survival.GEPIA Box Plot showed that BUB1,CCNB2,PTTG1,and RRM2 were over expressed in the ccRCC tissues in contrast to the normal tissues(P<O.OS).Conclusion ccRCC patients with the four up-regulated differentially expressed genes including BUB1,CCNB2,PTTG1,and RRM2 might manifest a poor prognosis.

Clinicopathological characteristics of 8697 patients with COVID-19 in China:a meta-analysis

Objective Our study aims to present a summary of the clinicopathological characteristics of patients affected by the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)that can be used as a reference for further research and clinical decisions.Design Studies were included in the meta-analysis if they had cohort,case-control or case series designs and provided sufficient details on clinical symptoms,laboratory outcomes and asymptomatic patients.setting PubMed,Embase,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,Wanfang,China Science and Technology Journal Database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were electronically searched to identify related studies published between 1 January 2020 and 16 March 2020.Three reviewers independently examined the literature,extracted relevant data and assessed the risk of publication bias before including the studies in the meta-analysis.Participants The confirmed cases of COVID-19.results A total of 55 unique retrospective studies involving 8697 patients with COVID-19 were identified.Meta-analysis showed that a higher proportion of infected patients were male(53.3%),and the two major symptoms observed were fever(78.4%)and cough(58.3%).Other common symptoms included fatigue(34%),myalgia(21.9%),expectoration(23.7%),anorexia(22.9%),chest tightness(22.9%)and dyspnoea(20.6%).Minor symptoms included nausea and vomiting(6.6%),diarrhoea(8.2%),headache(11.3%),pharyngalgia(11.6%),shivering(15.2%)and rhinorrhea(7.3%).About 5.4%of the patients were asymptomatic.Most patients showed normal leucocyte counts(64.7%)and elevated C reactive protein levels(65.9%).Lymphopaenia was observed in about 47.6%of the infected patients,along with abnormal levels of myocardial enzymes(49.4%)and liver function(26.4%).Other findings included leucopenia(23.5%),elevated D-dimer(20.4%),elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate(20.4%),leucocytosis(9.9%),elevated procalcitonin(16.7%)and abnormal renal function(10.9%).Conclusions The most commonly experienced symptoms of patients with COVID-19 were fever and cough.Myalgia,anorexia,chest tightness and dyspnoea were found in some patients.A relatively small percentage of patients were asymptomatic and could act as carriers of the disease.Most patients showed normal leucocyte counts,elevated levels of C reactive protein and lymphopaenia,confirming the viral origin of the disease.