Nursing Care of Infliximab for Injection in Crohn’s Disease

Objective: To summarize the nursing experience of infliximab injection in the treatment of Crohns disease. Methods: 25 patients with Crohns disease admitted to our hospital from November 2017 to February 2024 were treated with infliximab. The therapeutic effect and adverse drug reactions were observed, nursing intervention was given, and follow-up was performed at 2 weeks, 6 weeks after the first treatment and every 2 months after the treatment cycle. According to Crohns disease activity index (CDAI) score, 23 cases with 4 were classified as remission stage and 2 cases with 6 were classified as mild activity stage. Infliximab-treated Crohns patients had a good prognosis and minor adverse reactions. A correct grasp of the basic knowledge of the drug, standardized operation, attention to the psychological state of the patient, close observation of the change of the patients condition, and predictability of the treatment of adverse drug reactions are the guarantee of smooth treatment.

Design and characterization of a novel Cu_(2.3)Al_(1.3)Ni_(1.7)SnCr_(0.3) multi-principal element alloy coating on magnesium alloy by laser cladding

The evaporation and dilution of substrate seriously limit the performance of laser cladding coatings on magnesium alloys.In order to overcome the above shortcomings,a multi-step ultrasonic assisted laser remelting technology was proposed to improve the performance of the coating.In this work,a novel Cu_(2.3)Al_(1.3)Ni_(1.7)SnCr_(0.3) multi-principal element alloy coating(MPEAC)was prepared on the surface of mag-nesium alloy.Characterization techniques such as transmission electron microscopy(TEM),electron back scatter diffraction(EBSD)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)were employed to characterize the microstructure and phase composition of the coatings.And the phase structure and morphology at the interface between the coating and the substrate were also studied via focus ion beam(FIB)and TEM method.In addition,the corrosion and wear resistance ability of the coatings were monitored by potentiodynamic polarization(PDP),and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS),hardness and friction tests.The results show that Cu_(2.3)Al_(1.3)Ni_(1.7)SnCr_(0.3) MPEAC with ultrasonic assisted is composed of FCC phase and eutectic phases(Cu_(10)Sn_(3) and Cu_(2)Ni_(3)Sn_(3)).Due to the forced convection generated by ultrasonic waves,some Cu and Ni phases are precipitated around Cu_(2)Ni_(3)Sn_(3) phases,which is beneficial to enhance the corrosion resistance.Because of the grain refinement effect caused by ultrasonic,the wear resistance of the coating is also improved.Furthermore,ultrasonic vibration can effectively weaken and eliminate the texture density of the Cu_(2.3)Al_(1.3)Ni_(1.7)SnCr_(0.3) MPEAC fabricated by laser cladding.

Reductive damage induced autophagy inhibition for tumor therapy

Numerous therapeutic anti-tumor strategies have been developed in recent decades.However,their therapeutic efficacy is reduced by the intrinsic protective autophagy of tumors.Autophagy plays a key role in tumorigenesis and tumor treatment,in which the overproduction of reactive oxygen species(ROS)is recognized as the direct cause of protective autophagy.Only a few molecules have been employed as autophagy inhibitors in tumor therapy to reduce protective autophagy.Among them,hydroxychloroquine is the most commonly used autophagy inhibitor in clinics,but it is severely limited by its high therapeutic dose,significant toxicity,poor reversal efficacy,and nonspecific action.Herein,we demonstrate a reductive-damage strategy to enable tumor therapy by the inhibition of protective autophagy via the catalytic scavenging of ROS using porous nanorods of ceria(PN-CeO_(2))nanozymes as autophagy inhibitor.The antineoplastic effects of PN-CeO_(2)were mediated by its high reductive activity for intratumoral ROS degradation,thereby inhibiting protective autophagy and activating apoptosis by suppressing the activities of phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.Further investigation highlighted PN-CeO_(2)as a safe and efficient anti-tumor autophagy inhibitor.Overall,this study presents a reductive-damage strategy as a promising anti-tumor approach that catalytically inhibits autophagy and activates the intrinsic antioxidant pathways of tumor cells and also shows its potential for the therapy of other autophagy-related diseases.

Improving internal control quality as a corporate response to the Forbes Rich List

This study takes advantage of the Forbes Rich List as an external shock to examine its effect on internal control quality in China's Mainland.Using the difference-in-differences(DiD)method for a large sample of 17,910 firm-year observations from 2000 to 2014,we find that firms controlled by entrepreneurs included in the Forbes Rich List tend to have higher internal control quality than firms not controlled by entrepreneurs in the list.The listed entrepreneurs improve their firms’internal control quality by means of reducing the information asymmetry between the firms and outsiders.Further tests show that the event effect is more pronounced when firms have higher misreporting costs and when listed entrepreneurs hold chairman positions than in other situations.Our results remain robust after applying the propensity score matching method,stacked DiD estimation,and an alternative measure of internal control quality.These findings enrich the literature on the effect of the Rich List and the determinants of internal control quality in emerging markets.

Insights on catalytic mechanism of CeO2 as multiple nanozymes

CeO2 with the reversible Ce3+/Ce4+redox pair exhibits multiple enzyme-like catalytic performance,which has been recognized as a promising nanozyme with potentials for disease diagnosis and treatments.Tailorable surface physicochemical properties of various CeO2 catalysts with controllable sizes,morphologies,and surface states enable a rich surface chemistry for their interactions with various molecules and species,thus delivering a wide variety of catalytic behaviors under different conditions.Despite the significant progress made in developing CeO2-based nanozymes and their explorations for practical applications,their catalytic activity and specificity are still uncompetitive to their counterparts of natural enzymes under physiological environments.With the attempt to provide the insights on the rational design of highly performed CeO2 nanozymes,this review focuses on the recent explorations on the catalytic mechanisms of CeO2 with multiple enzyme-like performance.Given the detailed discussion and proposed perspectives,we hope this review can raise more interest and stimulate more efforts on this multi-disciplinary field.

Phytic acid-modified CeO_(2) as Ca^(2+) inhibitor for a security reversal of tumor drug resistance

Ca^(2+)plays critical roles in the development of diseases,whereas existing various Ca regulation methods have been greatly restricted in their clinical applications due to their high toxicity and inefficiency.To solve this issue,with the help of Ca overexpressed tumor drug resistance model,the phytic acid(PA)-modified CeO_(2) nano-inhibitors have been rationally designed as an unprecedentedly safe and efficient Ca2+inhibitor to successfully reverse tumor drug resistance through Ca^(2+)negative regulation strategy.Using doxorubicin(Dox)as a model chemotherapeutic drug,the Ca^(2+)nano-inhibitors efficiently deprived intracellular excessive free Ca2+,suppressed P-glycoprotein(P-gp)expression and significantly enhanced intracellular drug accumulation in Dox-resistant tumor cells.This Ca^(2+)negative regulation strategy improved the intratumoral Dox concentration by a factor of 12.4 and nearly eradicated tumors without obvious adverse effects.Besides,nanocerias as pH-regulated nanozyme greatly alleviated the adverse effects of chemotherapeutic drug on normal cells/organs and substantially improved survivals of mice.We anticipate that this safe and effective Ca^(2+)negative regulation strategy has potentials to conquer the pitfalls of traditional Ca inhibitors,improve therapeutic efficacy of common chemotherapeutic drugs and serves as a facile and effective treatment platform of other Ca^(2+) associated diseases.

Single crystalline CeO_(2) nanotubes

Here,we report a facile synthetic methodology to prepare uniform single crystalline CeO_(2) nanotubes through a hydrothermal transformation of CeO_(2) nanorods in aqueous Ce(NO3)3 solution.A chemically driven etching-dissolution-deposition mechanism is proposed,involving the surface Ce^(3+)hydrolysis and dissolution at tips of nanorods and subsequent redeposition and crystallization on the outer sides of nanorods.Compared to CeO_(2) nanorods,CeO_(2) nanotubes exhibited the richer structural defects,higher reducibility and larger surface area,leading to a higher haloperoxidase-like activity.

Sorafenib sensitization in tumor therapy by iron overload and AMPK activation

Sorafenib,as a first-line drug for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),could trigger ferroptosis by inhibiting cystine/glutamate transporter.However,low-level intracellular iron and insufficient activation of adenosine monophosphate(AMP)-activated protein kinase(AMPK)confer impaired response to sorafenib.In this study,a unique sorafenib nanocomposite dexterously modified with Fe-Material of Institut Lavoisier(sora@Fe-MIL)was synthesized to escalate intracellular iron level and activate AMPK,further potentiating the ferroptotic effect of sorafenib.Remarkably,this strategic deployment of sora@Fe-MIL triggered an extensive demise of cancer cells,while manifesting negligible deleterious impact on normal cells.Two prominent ferroptosis biomarkers,glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)and solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11),underwent pronounced downregulation,underscoring the efficacy of this strategy in inducing ferroptosis.Furthermore,the bioactivity of AMPK was considerably elevated,and its downstream targets were conspicuously inhibited by the treatment with sora@Fe-MIL.Using orthotopic HCC animal models,we observed a substantial suppression of primary in situ tumor growth,and ribonucleic acid(RNA)sequencing elucidated an elevated degree of ferroptosis and AMPK activation with the treatment of sora@Fe-MIL.In conclusion,we proposed that the meticulously designed strategy for secure and efficacious iron release and AMPK activation could significantly potentiate the ferroptotic impact of sorafenib,thus resuscitating its therapeutic response in HCC patients.