Measurement-Based Channel Characterization in a Large Hall Scenario at 300 GHz

Sub-terahertz(Sub-THz),defined as the frequency bands in 100-300 GHz,is promising for future generation communications and sensing applications.Accurate channel measurement and modeling are essential for development and performance evaluation of the future communication systems.Accurate channel modeling relies on realistic channel data,which should be collected by high-fidelity channel sounder.This paper presents the measurement-based channel characterization in a large indoor scenario at 299-301 GHz.We firstly review the state-of-the-art channel measurements at sub-THz frequency bands.We then presented a VNA-based channel sounder for long-range measurements,which uses the radio-overfiber techniques.Channel measurements using this channel sounder are conducted in a large hall scenario.Based on the measurement data,we calculated and analyzed key propagation channel parameters,e.g.,path loss,delay spread,and angular spread.The results are also analyzed both in the line-of-sight(Lo S)and noneLo S(NLo S)cases.The large delay components in the measurements demonstrate the possibility of the longrange channel measurement campaign at 300 GHz.

Observation on Curative Effect of Self-made Wubeizi Decoction Combined with rhaFGF in Promoting Postoperative Wound Healing in Patients with Anal Fistula

[Objectives]To explore the curative effect of Self-made Wubeizi Decoction combined with recombinant human acidic fibroblast growth factor(rhaFGF)in promoting postoperative wound healing in patients with anal fistula.[Methods]A total of 82 patients with anal fistula who underwent anal fistula resection+use of setons in Luodian Hospital during January and March of 2020 were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 41 cases in each group.The control group was given rhaFGF external application regimen,and the observation group was treated with Self-made Wubeizi Decoction on the basis of the control group.After 3 weeks of treatment,the differences in curative effects of TCM syndromes were compared between the two groups.Besides,the changes in TCM symptom scores,inflammatory mediators[interleukin-12(IL-12),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interferon-γ(IFN-γ)],anorectal functions[anal resting pressure(ARP),maximal systolic pressure(MSP)and maximum tolerated volume(MTV)of the anal canal],quality of life[GQOLI-74 scores]were compared.[Results]After 3 weeks of treatment,the total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05);the levels of TCM symptom scores,IL-12,TNF-α,IFN-γ,ARP,MSP,and MTV in both groups were significantly lower than those before treatment,and these levels in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group at the same time(P<0.05).The GQOLI-74 scores of both groups were significantly higher than those before treatment,and the observation group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).[Conclusions]The Self-made Wubeizi Decoction combined with rhaFGF therapy has a significant effect in promoting postoperative wound healing in patients with anal fistula.It can effectively inhibit the local inflammation of patients,facilitate the recovery of anorectal function and improve the quality of life,thus has high clinical application value.

Implementation Framework and Validation of Cluster-Nuclei Based Channel Model Using Environmental Mapping for 6G Communication Systems

With the research of the upcoming sixth generation(6 G) systems, new technologies will require wider bandwidth, larger scale antenna arrays and more diverse wireless communication scenarios on the future channel modeling. Considering channel model is prerequisite for system design and performance evaluation of 6 G technologies, we face a challenging task: how to accurately and efficiently model 6 G channel for various scenarios? This paper tries to answer it. Firstly, the features of cluster-nuclei(CN) and principle of cluster-nuclei based channel model(CNCM) are introduced. Then, a novel modeling framework is proposed to implement CNCM,which consists four steps: propagation environment reconstruction, cluster-nuclei identification, multipath parameters generation, and channel coefficients generation. Three-dimensional environment with material information is utilized to map CN with scatterers in the propagation pathway. CN are identified by geometrical and electric field calculation based on environmental mapping, and multipath components within CN are calculated by statistical characteristics of angle, power and delay domains. Finally, we present a three-level verification structure to investigate the accuracy and complexity of channel modeling comprehensively. Simulation results reveal that CNCM can perform higher accuracy than geometrybased stochastic model while lower complexity compared with ray-tracing model for practical propagation environment.

The analysis of distributed photovoltaic access system schemes

As the share of photovoltaic power generation in power system has increased year by year, the optimization choice of access system schemes become one of the first and most important problems in grid before admitting photovoltaic power generation. Therefore, this article takes a proposed distributed photovoltaic as an example to research and analyze two kinds of high density multiple access points distributed photovoltaic access system schemes. The emphasis is making a comprehensive comparison and selection among the aspect of active power loss and economic benefit, etc. In the premise of ensuring the normal power generation of the photovoltaic system, it puts forward the recommended scheme that can help to spontaneous self-consumption, elimination on the spot, effectively decrease network loss and economic benefit.

Efficacy and safety of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for burn patients: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis

Background:Respiratory and circulatory dysfunction are common complications and the leading causes of death among burn patients,especially in severe burns and inhalation injury.Recently,extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)has been increasingly applied in burn patients.However,current clinical evidence is weak and conflicting.This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of ECMO in burn patients.Methods:A comprehensive search of PubMed,Web of Science and Embase from inception to 18 March 2022 was performed to identify clinical studies on ECMO in burn patients.The main outcome was in-hospital mortality.Secondary outcomes included successful weaning from ECMO and complications associated with ECMO.Meta-analysis,meta-regression and subgroup analyses were conducted to pool the clinical efficacy and identify influencing factors.Results:Fifteen retrospective studies with 318 patients were finally included,without any control groups.The commonest indication for ECMO was severe acute respiratory distress syndrome(42.1%).Veno-venous ECMO was the commonest mode(75.29%).Pooled in-hospital mortality was 49%[95%confidence interval(CI)41-58%]in the total population,55%in adults and 35%in pediatrics.Meta-regression and subgroup analysis found that mortality significantly increased with inhalation injury but decreased with ECMO duration.For studies with percentage inhalation injury≥50%,pooled mortality(55%,95%CI 40-70%)was higher than in studies with percentage inhalation injury<50%(32%,95%CI 18-46%).For studies with ECMO duration≥10 days,pooled mortality(31%,95%CI 20-43%)was lower than in studies with ECMO duration<10 days(61%,95%CI 46-76%).In minor and major burns,pooled mortality was lower than in severe burns.Pooled percentage of successful weaning from ECMO was 65%(95%CI 46-84%)and inversely correlated with burn area.The overall rate of ECMO-related complications was 67.46%,and infection(30.77%)and bleedings(23.08%)were the two most common complications.About 49.26%of patients required continuous renal replacement therapy.Conclusions:ECMO seems to be an appropriate rescue therapy for burn patients despite the relatively high mortality and complication rate.Inhalation injury,burn area and ECMO duration are the main factors influencing clinical outcomes.

The m6A reader YTHDF2 alleviates the inflammatory response by inhibiting IL-6R/JAK2/STAT1 pathway-mediated high-mobility group box-1 release

Background:Sepsis is a common severe complication in major burn victims and is characterized by a dysregulated systemic response to inflammation.YTH domain family 2(YTHDF2),a wellstudied N6-methyladenosine(m6A)reader that specifically recognizes and binds to m6A-modified transcripts to mediate their degradation,is connected to pathogenic and physiological processes in eukaryotes,but its effect on sepsis is still unknown.We aimed to discover the effects and mechanisms of YTHDF2 in sepsis.Methods:Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)and western blot analyses were used to measure the expression of YTHDF2,the interleukin 6 receptor(IL-6R),high-mobility group box-1(HMGB1),Janus kinase 2(JAK2)and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1(STAT1)under different in vitro conditions.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were utilized to evaluate the expression of HMGB1,IL-6,IL-1βand tumor necrosis factor-α.To confirm that YTHDF2 specifically targets IL-6R mRNA,RNA immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase reporter assays were performed.Finally,we utilized a mouse model of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced sepsis to verify the effects of YTHDF2 in vivo.Results:According to our findings,YTHDF2 was expressed at a low level in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from septic mice and patients as well as in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells.Overexpression of YTHDF2 alleviated the inflammatory response by inhibiting HMGB1 release and JAK2/STAT1 signalling in LPS-stimulated cells.Mechanistically,YTHDF2 suppressed JAK2/STAT1 signalling by directly recognizing the m6A-modified site in IL-6R and decreasing the stability of IL-6R mRNA,thereby inhibiting HMGB1 release.In vivo experiments showed that YTHDF2 played a protective role in septic mice by suppressing the IL-6R/JAK2/STAT1/HMGB1 axis.Conclusions:In summary,these findings demonstrate that YTHDF2 plays an essential role as an inhibitor of inflammation to reduce the release of HMGB1 by inhibiting the IL-6R/JAK2/STAT1 pathway,indicating that YTHDF2 is a novel target for therapeutic interventions in sepsis.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation combined with continuous renal replacement therapy for the treatment of severe burns:current status and challenges

Severe burns often cause various systemic complications and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome,which is the main cause of death.The lungs and kidneys are vulnerable organs in patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome after burns.Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)and continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT)have been gradually applied in clinical practice and are beneficial for severe burn patients with refractory respiratory failure or renal dysfunction.However,the literature on ECMO combined with CRRT for the treatment of severe burns is limited.Here,we focus on the current status of ECMO combined with CRRT for the treatment of severe burns and the associated challenges,including the timing of treatment,nutrition support,heparinization and wound management,catheter-related infection and drug dosing in CRRT.With the advancement of medical technology,ECMO combined with CRRT will be further optimized to improve the outcomes of patients with severe burns.

Characteristics of burn deaths from 2003 to 2009 in a burn center: A retrospective study

Mortality remains one of the most important end-point quality control parameters to evaluate a burn care system. We retrospectively reviewed the characteristics and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) patterns of burn deaths in our center from January 2003 to December 2009. The mortality rate during this time period was 2.3%. Fifty-six patients died, including 49 males and 7 females. The mean survival time was 28.45 ± 24.60 days. The burn percentage was (76.70 ± 26.86) % total burn surface area (TBSA), with (27.74 ± 24.95) % deep-partial thickness burns and (46.88 ± 33.84) % full-thickness burns. Inhalation injury was diagnosed in 36 (64.29%) patients. Patients who had undergone an operation, particularly in the first week post-burn, had a significantly longer survival time. An average of 5.50 ± 1.35 malfunctioning organs per patient and a mean sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score of 13.91 ± 3.65 were observed. The most frequently malfunctioning organs were involved in the respiratory, hematologic, circulatory, and central nervous systems. Most of the organ damage occurred during the first week post-burn, followed by 4 weeks later, with relatively less organ damage observed in the third week. Among patients with a TBSA over 50%, non-survivors had larger burn sizes (particularly larger full-thickness burns) and a higher incidence of inhalation injury compared with survivors;nonsurvivors were also more likely to have microorganism-positive blood and sputum cultures. In conclusion, burn deaths are related to a higher burn percentage, inhalation injury, MODS, and infection. Early operation may help improve survival duration.

The progress of Chinese burn medicine from the Third Military Medical University—in memory of its pioneer,Professor Li Ao

Professor Li Ao was one of the founders of Chinese burn medicine and one of the most renowned doctors and researchers of burns in China. He established one of the Chinese earliest special departments for burns at Third Military Medical University (TMMU) in 1958. To memorialize Professor Li Ao on his 100th birthday in 2017 and introduce our extensive experience, it is our honor to briefly review the development and achievement of the Chinese burn medicine from TMMU. The epidemiology and outcomes of admitted burn patients since 1958 were reviewed. Furthermore, main achievements of basic and clinical research for the past roughly 60 years were presented. These achievements mainly included the Chinese Rule of Nine, fluid resuscitation protocol, experience in inhalation injury, wound treatment strategies, prevention and treatment of burn infections, nutrition therapy, organ support therapies, and rehabilitation. The progress shaped and enriched modern Chinese burn medicine and promoted the development of world burn medicine.