Beware of the serious harm of veterinary drug poisoning:a case report

Veterinary drugs are substances(including pharmaceutical feed additives)used to prevent,treat,and diagnose diseases or regulate the physiological functions of animals.Veterinary drug poisoning in humans is relatively rare both in China and the rest of the world.Here,we report a case of death from veterinary drug poisoning from avermectin-closantel.Avermectin-closantel is a broad-spectrum antiparasitic drug,which has high efficacy against a variety of trematodes and nematodes.

元素化学“课程思政”教学设计与实践——以碳族元素为例

以碳族元素教学为例,介绍了元素化学“课程思政”教学设计与实践。深入挖掘课程蕴含的思想政治教育元素,充分发挥课程承载的思想政治教育功能,将科技前沿、唯物辩证法与科学认识论、爱国主义精神、生态文明思想、新时代中国“双碳”故事、化学元素发现史和科学伦理道德教育等有机融入课程内容设置和课堂教学等环节中,培养学生的创新精神、科学思维、爱国情怀、生态文明思想、探究精神、职业道德观等,实现“知识传授”和“价值引领”同步提升。

Modulatory effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum on chronic metabolic diseases

The increased global incidence of chronic metabolic diseases,a vital threat to human health and a burden on our healthcare systems,includes a series of clinical metabolic syndromes such as obesity,diabetes,hypertension,and dyslipidemia.One of the well-known probiotic microorganisms,Lactiplantibacillus plantarum plays an important role in promoting human health,including inhibiting the occurrence and development of a variety of chronic metabolic diseases.The present study provides an overview of the preventive and therapeutic effects of L.plantarum on diabetes,obesity,non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,kidney stone disease,and cardiovascular diseases in animal models and human clinical trials.Ingesting L.plantarum demonstrated its ability to reduce inflammatory and oxidative stress levels by regulating the production of cytokines and short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),the activity of antioxidant enzymes,and the balance of intestinal microbial communities to alleviate the symptoms of chronic metabolic diseases.Furthermore,updated applications and technologies of L.plantarum in food and biopharmaceutical industries are also discussed.Understanding the characteristics and functions of L.plantarum will guide the development of related probiotic products and explore the modulatory benefit of L.plantarum supplementations on the prevention and treatment of multiple chronic metabolic diseases.

A differentially methylated region of the ZmCCT10 promoter affects flowering time in hybrid maize

Flowering time(FT) is a key maize domestication trait, variation in which allows maize to grow in a wide range of latitudes. Although previous studies have investigated the genetic control of FT-related traits per se, few studies of FT hybrid performance have been published. We characterized the genomic architecture associated with hybrid performance for FT in a hybrid panel by testcrossing Chang 7–2 with 328Ye478 × Qi319 recombinant inbred lines(RILs). We identified 11 quantitative trait loci(QTL) for hybrid performance in FT-related traits, including a major QTL qFH10 that controls hybrid performance and heterosis in a summer maize-growing region. However, this locus acts in regulating FT traits per se only in a spring maize-growing region. We validated ZmCCT10 as a candidate gene for qFH10 and found that differences between hybrids and their parental lines in DNA methylation in the differentially methylated region(DMR, –700 to –1520) of the ZmCCT10 promoter affected gene expression pattern and thereby FT in the summer maize-growing region.

Genomic prediction of yield performance among single-cross maize hybrids using a partial diallel cross design

Genomic prediction(GP)in plant breeding has the potential to predict and identify the best-performing hybrids based on the genotypes of their parental lines.In a GP experiment,34 elite inbred lines were selected to make 285 single-cross hybrids in a partial-diallel cross design.These lines represented a mini-core collection of Chinese maize germplasm and comprised 18 inbred lines from the Stiff Stalk heterotic group and 16 inbred lines from the Non-Stiff Stalk heterotic group.The parents were genotyped by sequencing and the 285 hybrids were phenotyped for nine yield and yield-related traits at two locations in the summer sowing area(SUS)and three locations in the spring sowing area(SPS)in the main maizeproducing regions of China.Multiple GP models were employed to assess the accuracy of trait prediction in the hybrids.By ten-fold cross-validation,the prediction accuracies of yield performance of the hybrids estimated by the genomic best linear unbiased prediction(GBLUP)model in SUS and SPS were 0.51 and 0.46,respectively.The prediction accuracies of the remaining yield-related traits estimated with GBLUP ranged from 0.49 to 0.86 and from 0.53 to 0.89 in SUS and SPS,respectively.When additive,dominance,epistasis effects,genotype-by-environment interaction,and multi-trait effects were incorporated into the prediction model,the prediction accuracy of hybrid yield performance was improved.The ratio of training to testing population and size of training population optimal for yield prediction were determined.Multiple prediction models can improve prediction accuracy in hybrid breeding.

大学基础化学课程思政教育构建策略探索——以有机化学为例

将思想政治工作贯穿教育教学全过程是新时代高等教育的重要任务之一,课程思政是推进高校思想政治工作的一项重要的改革举措。大学基础课程蕴含着丰富的思想政治教育元素,充分发挥其承载的思想政治教育功能具有重要的时代意义。本文以有机化学为例,探索大学基础课程思想政治教育的构建策略。结合专业特点和课程性质,分析了有机化学课程思政建设的必要性、可行性及其现状,进行了课程思政建设实践,取得了一定的成效,为其他大学基础课程思政教育的构建提供一定的参考借鉴。

基于专业课程培养本科生创新精神和科研能力——以无机合成化学为例

以无机合成化学为例进行了基于专业课程培养本科生创新精神和科研能力的教学方法改革,探索以专业课程为载体加强本科生创新精神和科研能力的培养,提高学生在学习中的主体地位,培养勤于思考、敢于怀疑、勇于创新的素质和精神,提升科研能力,形成终身学习的能力和习惯。教学改革取得了一定的成效。

Constraint-induced movement therapy promotes brain functional reorganization in stroke patients with hemiplegia

Stroke patients with hemiplegia exhibit flexor spasms in the upper limb and extensor spasms in the lower limb, and their movement patterns vary greatly. Constraint-induced movement therapy is an upper limb rehabilitation technique used in stroke patients with hemiplegia; however, studies of lower extremity rehabilitation are scarce. In this study, stroke patients with lower limb hemiplegia underwent conventional Bobath therapy for 4 weeks as baseline treatment, followed by constraint-induced movement therapy for an additional 4 weeks. The 10-m maximum walking speed and Berg balance scale scores significantly improved following treatment, and lower extremity motor function also improved. The results of functional MRI showed that constraint-induced movement therapy alleviates the reduction in cerebral functional activation in patients, which indicates activation of functional brain regions and a significant increase in cerebral blood perfusJon. These results demonstrate that constraint-induced movement therapy promotes brain functional reorganization in stroke patients with lower limb hemiplegia.

Mapping QTL for flowering time-related traits under three plant densities in maize

Flowering time is an indicator of adaptation in maize and a key trait for selection in breeding.The genetic basis of flowering time in maize,especially in response to plant density,remains unclear.The objective of this study was to identify maize quantitative trait loci(QTL)associated with flowering time-related traits that are stably expressed under several plant densities and show additive effects that vary with plant density.Three hundred recombinant inbred lines(RIL)derived from a cross between Ye 478 and Qi 319,together with their parents,were planted at three plant densities(90,000,120,000,and 150,000 plants ha^(-1))in four environments.The five traits investigated were days to tasseling(DTT),days to silking(DTS),days to pollen shed(DTP),interval between anthesis and silking(ASI),and interval between tasseling and anthesis(TAI).A high-resolution bin map was used for QTL mapping.In the RIL population,the DTT,DTS,and DTP values increased with plant density,whereas the ASI and TAI values showed negligible response to plant density.A total of 72 QTL were identified for flowering time-related traits,including 15 stably expressed across environments.Maize flowering time under different densities seems to be regulated by complex pathways rather than by several major genes or an independent pathway.The effects of some stable QTL,especially qDTT8-1 and qDTT10-4,varied with plant density.Fine mapping and cloning of these QTL will shed light on the mechanism of flowering time and assist in breeding earlymaturing maize inbred lines and hybrids.

Multiscale analysis of the contents of palmatine in the Nature populations of Phellodendron amurense in Northeast China

Palmatine is a valuable ingredient in Chinese medicine that is produced by Phellodendron amurense Rupr. The contents of palmatine content in root bark, trunk bark, perennial branch bark, annual branches, and leaves of the trees with different ages and geographies in Northeast China were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. The contents of palmatine in the barks of root, trunk, and perennial branch were significantly higher than those in annual branches and leaves. The contents of palmatine in trunk bark and root bark from Lesser Khingan Mountains increased with age, which is significantly opposite to other three vegetation types. The contents of palmatine in perennial branch bark, annual bark and leaves had no significant reg- ularity. Moreover, the contents of palmatine in samples of root bark, trunk bark, perennial branch bark and annual bark varied significantly with latitude. The nature populations of P. amurense growing at low latitude contained significantly more palmatine than those growing at high latitude. These results provide a scientific basis for the reasonable cultivation and efficient utilization of P. amurense.

Edge Computing-Based Tasks Offloading and Block Caching for Mobile Blockchain

Internet of Things(IoT)technology is rapidly evolving,but there is no trusted platform to protect user privacy,protect information between different IoT domains,and promote edge processing.Therefore,we integrate the blockchain technology into constructing trusted IoT platforms.However,the application of blockchain in IoT is hampered by the challenges posed by heavy computing processes.To solve the problem,we put forward a blockchain framework based on mobile edge computing,in which the blockchain mining tasks can be offloaded to nearby nodes or the edge computing service providers and the encrypted hashes of blocks can be cached in the edge computing service providers.Moreover,we model the process of offloading and caching to ensure that both edge nodes and edge computing service providers obtain the maximum profit based on game theory and auction theory.Finally,the proposed mechanism is compared with the centralized mode,mode A(all the miners offload their tasks to the edge computing service providers),and mode B(all the miners offload their tasks to a group of neighbor devices).Simulation results show that under our mechanism,mining networks obtain more profits and consume less time on average.

Accurate Registration of Remote Sensing Images Based on Local Optimal Transformation

As the basic work of image stitching and object recognition,image registration played an important part in the image processing field.Much previous work in registration accuracy and realtime performance progressed very slowly,especially in registrating images with line feature.An innovative method for image registration based on lines is proposed,it can effectively improve the accuracy and real-time performance of image registration.The line feature can deal with some registration problems where point feature does not work.Our registration process is divided into two parts.The first part determines the rough registration transformation relation between reference image and test image.Then the similarity degree among different transformation and modified nonmaximum suppression(MNMS)algorithms are obtained,which produce local optimal solution to optimize the rough registration transformation.The final optimal registration relation can be obtained from two registration parts according to the match scores.The experimental results show that the proposed method makes a more accurate registration relation and performs better in real-time situation.

Boosting Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2)Thin Film Growth in Low-Temperature Rapid-Deposition Processes:An Improved Design for the Single-Heating Knudsen Effusion Cell

The Knudsen effusion cell is often used to grow high-quality Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2)(CIGS)thin film in coevaporation processes.However,the traditional single-heating Knudsen effusion cell cannot deliver complete metal selenides during the whole deposition process,particularly for a low-temperature deposition process,which is probably due to the condensation and droplet ejection at the nozzle of the crucible.In this study,thermodynamics analysis is conducted to decipher the reason for this phenomenon.Furthermore,a new single-heating Knudsen effusion is proposed to solve this difficult problem,which leads to an improvement in the quality of CIGS film and a relative increase in conversion efficiency of 29%at a growth rate of about 230 nmmin1,compared with the traditional efficiency in a lowtemperature rapid-deposition process.

Pre-mating nitenpyram exposure in male mice leads to depression-like behavior in offspring by affecting tryptophan metabolism in gut microbiota

Several studies have confirmed that the health status of the paternal affects the health of the offspring,however,it remains unknown whether paternal exposure to pesticides affect the offspring health.Here,we used untargeted metabolomics and 16S rRNA sequencing technology,combined with tail suspension test and RT-qPCR to explore the effects of paternal exposure to nitenpyram on the neurotoxicity of offspring.Our results found that the paternal exposure to nitenpyram led to the offspring’s depressive-like behaviors,accompanied by the reduction of tryptophan content and the disorder of microbial abundance in the gut of the offspring.Further,we determined the expression of tryptophan metabolism-related genes tryptophanase(tnaA)and tryptophan hydroxylase 1(TpH1)in gut bacteria and colonic tissues.We found that tryptophan is metabolized to indoles rather than being absorbed into colonocytes,which coursed the reduce of tryptophan availability after nitenpyram exposure.In conclusion,our study deepens our understanding of the intergenerational toxic effects of pesticides.

Tectonothermal Records in Migmatite-Like Rocks of the Guandi Complex in Zhoukoudian, Beijing: Implications for Late Neoarchean to Proterozoic Tectonics of the North China Craton

Migmatite-like rocks transformed from strongly metamorphosed and deformed enclave- bearing felsic plutons usually make people confuse with the true migmatites and mistake in interpreta- tion of their petrogenesis and tectonic implications. Here we report a suite of rocks that have long been called as migmatites from the Guandi complex in Zhoukoudian region, southwest of Beijing. The rocks are dominated by felsic gneisses with garnet-free amphibolites. Field occurrence, petrography and geochemistry indicate that the felsic gneisses and amphibolites were metamorphosed from protoliths of intermediate-acid and basic igneous rocks, respectively. New LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating and geothermobarometry study further reveal that precursor magmas of the two types of rocks were emplaced at 2.54-2.56 Ga and the rocks subsequently underwent medium P/T-type metamorphism with upper amphibolite facies conditions of 0.55-0.90 GPa and 670-730℃ at -2.48-2.50 Ga. Geochemically, precursor magmas of the amphibolites were suggested to be derived from an enriched lithospheric mantle source in continental arc setting, and those of the felsic gneisses are characterized by tonalitic to trondhjemitic magmas that are usually considered to be generated by partial melting of hydrated, thickened metamorphosed mafic crust with garnet as residues, suggesting that the rock associations are not of true migmatites but migmatite-like rocks. Our study reveal that protoliths of the migmatite-like rocks from the Guandi complex, were likely formed via magmatism in a continental arc setting, followed by accretion and collision of the continental arc as well as the intro-oceanic arc terranes to the Eastern Block of the North China Craton in the transition from the Late Neoarchean to Early Paleoprnterozuic.

基于DNA条形码技术构建王朗国家级自然保护区陆生脊椎动物遗传资源数据库及物种鉴定

DNA条形码(DNA barcode)是基因组中较短的、种内变异相对稳定的基因序列,已经成为生物多样性保护研究中物种鉴定、生物多样性评估的有力手段之一。四川王朗国家级自然保护区地处青藏高原东缘,属于世界生物多样性热点地区,具有丰富的生物资源,在我国珍稀动物保护领域具有重要地位。目前保护区已累积了大量的陆生脊椎动物监测数据,但缺乏遗传资源本底调查和基础的遗传资源数据库。本研究基于DNA条形码技术,以四川王朗国家级自然保护区为主要研究区域,基于样线法和博物馆标本调研,对所采集的314份样品进行DNA条形码分析,共鉴定兽类、鸟类、两栖类18目35科74种,首次获得了王朗齿突蟾(Scutigerwanglangensis)的线粒体基因(COI、12S-16S、16S、Cytb)及核基因(RAG1)的条形码序列信息,并通过比较不同监测方法说明了DNA条形码技术在动物多样性调查中的应用前景。本研究基于DNA条形码技术最终获得了216份DNA条形码数据,初步建立了保护区陆生脊椎动物遗传资源数据库,该数据库将为评估保护区生物多样性提供基础信息,为动物保护和管理工作提供技术支持。

有限期美式封顶股票抵押贷款的定价

本文研究有限期的美式封顶式股票抵押贷款的定价问题.股票抵押贷款是一种用股票作为抵押品的贷款产品,它们的定价问题是一种最优停时问题.带封顶的股票抵押贷款通过设定股票价格的上限,将'上限'功能纳入股票抵押贷款中,这样贷款人就可以避免由于股价上涨而造成巨大损失.本文利用随机分析方法推导出最优执行边界函数的积分方程,从而得到有限期的美式封顶式股票抵押贷款价格的解析公式.本文还进一步研究一类随机利率模型下美式封顶式股票抵押贷款的定价问题,通过数值算例分析最优执行边界的性质.

森林植物多样性、树种重要值与土壤理化性质对球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白的影响

球囊霉素相关土壤蛋白(glomalin-related soil protein,GRSP)在土壤物理结构调节和土壤碳库稳定性中发挥着重要作用,但植物多样性和优势种如何影响GRSP还缺乏系统性研究。本研究依托东北林业大学哈尔滨实验林场的72块样地,对1 m深土壤剖面分5层采样,测定土壤易提取球囊霉素(easily extractable GRSP,EEG)、总提取球囊霉素(total GRSP,TG)及土壤理化性质,并同时计算植物多样性指数及优势种重要值(importance value,IV),进一步通过相关分析和冗余排序分析判断影响GRSP的主要因素与贡献。结果表明:(1)在整个土壤剖面上均表现为TG和EEG与土壤有机碳(SOC)正相关,在部分土层深度与全氮(total nitrogen,TN)和含水量(moisture content,MC)正相关,而与电导率(electrical conductivity,EC)和pH值负相关。(2)部分土层TG和EEG与黑皮油松(Pinus tabuliformis var.mukdensis)、樟子松(P.sylvestris var.mongolica)、胡桃楸(Juglans mandshurica)、黄檗(Phellodendron amurense)、榆树(Ulmus pumila)优势种重要值显著相关,表现为黑皮油松重要值越高,而黄檗、榆树重要值越小,越有利于EEG的积累,并且伴随EEG-C/SOC(EEG中C占SOC比例)增加、EEG/TG增大;群落中胡桃楸、黄檗、榆树更有利于TG积累,黑皮油松、落叶松(Larix gmelinii)、樟子松不利于TG的积累。(3)植物Simpson指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、物种丰富度与EEG、TG、EEG/TG无显著相关性,而与EEG-C/SOC、EEG-N/TN(EEG中N占TN的比例)、TG-C/SOC(TG中C占SOC比例)、TG-N/TN(TG中N占TN的比例)显著负相关;土壤EEG/TG和EEG-N/TN与植物均匀度指数显著正相关,在1 m土壤不同土层趋势类似。(4)方差分解分析表明:生物因子对GRSP变化的解释率是20.2%,土壤理化因子解释率为7.8%,而生物因子中植物优势种重要值的解释率最大(16.4%),而植物物种多样性指数解释率仅为0.4%。冗余排序发现常绿针叶树种(黑皮油松和樟子松)越多且阔叶树种越少时,GRSP含量和GRSP对土壤碳氮的贡献越高(P<0.01),其机制可能与树种菌根类型有关:外生菌根树种重要值与TG显著负相关,丛枝菌根树种重要值与TG显著正相关。本研究解析了植物物种多样性对GRSP含量的重要影响,并强调未来土壤管理和评估可以通过调整优势物种而不是树种多样性来促进GRSP积累。

磁控溅射法制备NiO_(x)及单面晶硅异质结太阳电池

NiO_(x)为宽带隙p型半导体材料,其能带结构更适于用作c-Si(n)异质结空穴传输层.为了简化问题,本文研究了NiO_(x)与Si构成的单面异质结无背场太阳电池,其结构为Al栅/ITO/NiO_(x)/Si O_(x)/c-Si(n)/Si O_(x)/Al.通过研究不同溅射参数下NiO_(x)材料的光学、电学及能带结构,分析NiO_(x)/c-Si异质结的载流子输运及界面复合机制.研究表明异质结价带失调值ΔE_(V)的势垒高度及界面态是影响电池性能的关键因素.结合实验与AFORS-HET软件仿真结果,本研究提出提高器件性能的两个途径:一是降低NiO_(x)/c-Si价带失调值ΔE_(V)及界面态密度;二是提高发射区NiO_(x)受主浓度,增强内建电场.本文为研究新型高效NiO_(x)/c-Si异质结太阳电池提供参考并指出了方向.

Phase Equilibrium Modeling of Retrograded Eclogite at the Kekesu Valley, Eastern Segment of SW Tianshan Orogen and Tectonic Implications

In this study, we report newly found strongly retrograded eclogite blocks in the Kekesu Valley, eastern segment of southwestern Tianshan, northwestern China. Based on detailed petrographi- cal studies and mineral chemistry analyses, we constrain P-T evolution of two representative samples via phase equilibrium modeling method using THERMOCALC software. The peak stage is evidenced by the primary inclusions of omphacite＋glaucophane＋lawsonite （inferred）＋chlorite＋white mica in garnet. Using grossular and pyrope isopleth thermobarometry in garnet, the P peak conditions for this stage were con- strained to be -23 kbar, 480-500℃ and the T peak conditions were constrained to be 19-20 kbar, 500-520℃. Subsequent exhumation led to the transformation of lawsonite to epidote. Using Si-in- phengite barometry, the P was constrained to be 16-20 kbar at T of 500-520 ℃ for this stage. Further retrograde stage was evidenced by the mineral assemblages of glaucophane＋garnet＋epidote＋paragonite＋ chlorite＋white mica＋quartz. Later stage retrogression is evidenced by glaucophane＋epidote＋chlorite＋ quartz＋white mica＋albite＋aetinolite with P of 5-9 kbar when T〈490 ~C, indicating the eclogite may have been exhumed to the middle crust level and overprinted by blueschist-greenschist facies metamorphism. The results show that eclogite at the eastern segment of SW Tianshan shares similar P-T path to the HP rocks from the western segment, implying a similar P-T evolution for these rocks.