A Discussion of Foreign Language Listening Problems and Their Causes among Intermediate EFL learners in Chinese universities

Listening has been considered as the most important language skill by many researchers but in Chinese context it has been overlooked for years.The Foreign Language(FL)listening problems gradually reveal when students attend to the Listening Course in universities or colleges.This paper at first illustrates the importance of listening in foreign language learning and provides a discussion on the top-down and bottom-up processes with the analysis of Anderson's three-model of language comprehension[9]as well as the factors affecting listening comprehension in Foreign Language in general,aiming at the illustration of the necessity on one of the bottom-up processes-the Spoken Word Recognition(SWR).The analysis of two issued official guiding documents for Chinese university students and the current situation of English listening teaching in Chinese universities are followed,providing a general background on English listening teaching in Chinese context.Three possible foreign language listening problems and their causes are proposed,followed by the pedagogical suggestions to EFL learners who are improving their listening skills and instructors who are advancing their teaching procedures.

Geographic modeling and simulation systems for geographic research in the new era: Some thoughts on their development and construction

Regionality,comprehensiveness,and complexity are regarded as the basic characteristics of geography.The exploration of their core connotations is an essential way to achieve breakthroughs in geography in the new era.This paper focuses on the important method in geographic research:Geographic modeling and simulation.First,we clarify the research requirements of the said three characteristics of geography and its potential to address geo-problems in the new era.Then,the supporting capabilities of the existing geographic modeling and simulation systems for geographic research are summarized from three perspectives:Model resources,modeling processes,and operational architecture.Finally,we discern avenues for future research of geographic modeling and simulation systems for the study of regional,comprehensive and complex characteristics of geography.Based on these analyses,we propose implementation architecture of geographic modeling and simulation systems and discuss the module composition and functional realization,which could provide theoretical and technical support for geographic modeling and simulation systems to better serve the development of geography in the new era.

Application of Bionic Technology in Marine Cruise Equipment:Research Progress and Development Trends

This article provides an overview of the application of bionic technology in marine cruising equipment,discussing its research progress and future development trends.Marine cruising is a crucial means of gaining insights into the marine environment and conducting scientific research.However,conventional marine cruising equipment faces numerous challenges when dealing with complex and ever-changing marine environments.Bionic technology,as a means of drawing inspiration from the structure and functions of living organisms,offers new approaches and methods to address the challenges faced by marine cruising equipment and has found widespread application.The article primarily focuses on the applications and historical developments of bionic technology in propulsion methods,drag reduction,and surface antifouling.It summarizes the design principles,manufacturing techniques,and optimization methods for marine biomimetic cruising equipment.Finally,this paper analyzes the achievements,challenges,and future directions of bionic technology in marine cruising equipment.The application of bionic technology in marine cruising equipment holds vast potential for development,enabling us to better confront the challenges of marine exploration and research by drawing wisdom from nature and driving advancements in marine science.