Preparation and decolorization of sapindus mukurossi extract and its application in sebum-control shampoos

Background:Sapindus mukurossi extract(SME)is a kind of natural surface active ingredient with potential applications in cleansing products.However,the polyphenols and pigments contained in the extract may cause color browning of the products during storage especially at elevated temperatures,affecting its high level addition in the products.Objective:To explore a decolorization process suitable for industrialization realize the high level addition of SME and explore the potential of SME in the field of controlling sebum esters.Materials and Methods:SME was prepared by adsorbing polyphenols on the D301 resin and oxidation decoloring oxidation.Investigated its sebum-control efficacy by SZ95 model and clinical study.Results:The results demonstrate that the D301 resin displays the best adsorption selectivity for polyphenols in SME,and the polyphenol adsorption ratio of D301 resin(5 wt%)can reach 83.6%;The optimal decolorization conditions are pH=7.8,temperature 73℃and decolorization time 5.7 h when H2O2 content is 6%,The prepared SME shows no obvious changes in color and retain stable during the high temperature(50℃)test period of 28 days.4μg/mL of SME decreases the lipid synthesis of SZ95 cells by 24.8%.The clinic efficacy of the shampoo containing 10%SME(by dry extract weigh)is further evaluated.No significant changes in the skin moisture content and transepidermal water loss(TEWL)are observed within four weeks after using the product,while the scalp sebum level is significantly reduced.Conclusion:In this study,we prepared a light-colored,highly stable SME,enabled its high-level addition in cleansing and care products and found its sebum-control efficacy.

腹腔热灌注化疗联合细胞减灭术对胆囊癌腹膜转移的临床疗效研究

目的:探讨腹腔热灌注化疗(hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemtheropy,HIPEC)治疗胆囊癌伴腹膜转移患者的临床疗效研究。方法:本文回顾性分析海军军医大学东方肝胆外科医院2015年1月至2018年1月收治的84例胆囊癌合并腹膜转移患者,31例患者给予HIPEC联合细胞减灭术(cytoreductive surgery,CRS)+术后1个月全身化疗为研究组,53例给予细胞减灭术+术后1个月全身化疗为对照组,观察比较两组临床疗效及不良反应发生情况。结果:研究组中位生存时间为(21.72±2.96)个月,显著长于对照组的(14.93±2.09)个月(P<0.05)。研究组白细胞减少、血红蛋白减少、血小板减少、胃肠道反应、肝功能损伤和肾功能损伤较对照组无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:HIPEC治疗进展期胆囊癌临床疗效显著,可延长患者生存时间,不良反应较小,值得推广应用。

Long-term exposure to genistein inhibits the proliferation of gallbladder cancer by downregulating the MCM complex

Soy isoflavones are natural tyrosine kinase inhibitors closely associated with decreased morbidity and mortality of various tumors.The activation of tyrosine kinases such as ERBB2 is the mechanism by which cholecystitis transforms into gallbladder cancer(GBC),therefore,it is important to investigate the relationship between long-term exposure to soy isoflavones and the occurrence and progression of GBC.This case-control study(n=85 pairs)found that the high level of plasma soy isoflavoneDgenistein(GEN)was associated with a lower risk of gallbladder cancer(≥326.00 ng/m L compared to≤19.30ng/m L,crude odds ratio 0.15,95%CI 0.04–0.59;P for trend=0.016),and that the level of GEN exposure negatively correlated with Ki67 expression in GBC tissue(n=85).Consistent with these results,the proliferation of GBC cells was inhibited in the long-term exposure models of GEN in vitro and in vivo.The long-term exposure to GEN reduced the tyrosine kinase activity of ERBB2 and impaired the function of the PTK6-AKT-GSK3βaxis,leading to downregulation of the MCM complex in GBC cells.In summary,long-term exposure to GEN associated with soy products intake might play a certain role in preventing GBC and even inhibiting the proliferation of GBC cells.

Effects of resistin on insulin signaling in endothelial cells

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of resistin on insulin signaling in human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs).HUVECs were incubated with recombinant human resistin(0–100 ng/mL)for 24 h.Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS)phosphorylation levels of endothelial cells under basal or insulin stimulated conditions were measured by Western blot.Nitric oxide(NO)production of HUVECs was also detected.The results showed that resistin could significantly inhibit Akt and eNOS phos-phorylation and NO production in endothelial cells under insulin stimulated conditions(P<0.05 vs control).But under basal conditions,treatment with resistin could result in a decrease in eNOS phosphorylation(P<0.05 vs control)but had no effect on NO production and Akt phosphorylation levels.Thesefindings suggested that resistin exerted an inhibitory effect on NO production by inhibiting insulin signaling and eNOS phosphorylation in endothelial cells.

Multidimensional Optimization of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for Carotenoid Overproduction

Microbial synthesis of carotenoids is a highly desirable alternative to plant extraction and chemical synthesis.In this study,we investigated multidimensional strategies to improve the carotenoid synthesis in the industrial workhorse of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.First,we rewired the yeast central metabolism by optimizing non-oxidative glycolysis pathway for an improved acetyl-CoA supply.Second,we restricted the consumption of farnesyl pyrophosphate(FPP)by the down-regulation of squalene synthase using the PEST degron.Third,we further explored the human lipid binding/transfer protein saposin B(hSapB)-mediated metabolic sink for an enhanced storage of lipophilic carotenoids.Last,the copper-induced GAL expression system was engineered to function in the yeast-peptone-dextrose medium for an increased biomass accumulation.By combining the abovementioned strategies,the final engineered yeast produced 166.79±10.43 mg/Ⅰβ-carotene in shake flasks,which was nearly 5-fold improvement of the parental carotenoid-producing strain.Together,we envision that multidimensional strategies reported here might be applicable to other hosts for the future industrial development of carotenoid synthesis from renewable feedstocks.