A Brief Overview of the Development and Significance of Modern Scientific Medicine in China:Take Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College as an Example

Since the early 20th century,China has gradually established a clinical,educational,and research system centered around modern scientific medicine,which has now become the dominant force in China's medical and health system and services,with the construction and development of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College as the most prominent symbol.The scientific medicine in the new era requires close cooperation across multiple disciplines and fields to build a high-quality and efficient medical and health service system.It also involves combining the excellent traditional Chinese culture with Western medicine to explore a unique path of modern scientific medicine with Chinese characteristics.

Strengthening the Disciplinary Construction of History of Medicine: A Call for Action by Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College

Recent years have witnessed a dynamic develop of Peking Union Medical College(PUMC),which was founded in 1921,and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS),which was founded in 1956.In the new era of building a"Healthy China",General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized the importance of a profound understanding of the Chinese civilization to let the world better know and understand China,and urged efforts to combine theories and practices to expound how to better uphold the Chinese path,promote the Chinese spirit,and pool together the Chinese strength[1].As an active response,PUMC organized the first Conference of History of Medicine on May 20-21,2023[2],Based on the rich history of PUMC and with an attempt to explore history,inherit the traditional Chinese culture,and promote the spirit of modern medicine,we issued the following call at the conference。

Characteristics and pathological mechanism on magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging after chemoembolization in rabbit liver VX-2 tumor model

AIM: To investigate dynamic characteristics and pathological mechanism of signal in rabbit VX-2 tumor model on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) after chemoembolization. METHODS: Forty New Zealand rabbits were included in the study and forty-seven rabbit VX-2 tumor models were raised by implanting directly and intrahepatically after abdominal cavity opened. Forty VX-2 tumor models from them were divided into four groups. DWI was performed periodically and respectively for each group after chemoembolization. All VX-2 tumor samples of each group were studied by pathology. The distinction of VX-2 tumors on DWI was assessed by their apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. The statistical significance between different time groups, different area groups or different b-value groups was calculated by using SPSS12.0 software. RESULTS: Under b-value of 100 s/mm2, ADC values were lowest at 16 h after chemoembolization in area of VX-2 tumor periphery, central, and normal liver parenchyma around tumor, but turned to increase with further elongation of chemoembolization treatment. The distinction of ADC between different time groups was significant respectively (F = 7.325, P < 0.001; F = 2.496, P < 0.048; F = 6.856, P < 0.001). Cellular edema in the area of VX-2 tumor periphery or normal liver parenchyma around tumor, increased quickly in sixteen h after chemoembolization but, from the 16th h to the 48th h, cellular edema in the area of normal liver parenchyma around tumor decreased gradually and that in the area of VX-2 tumor periphery decreased lightly at, and then increased continually. After chemoembolization, Cellular necrosis in the area of VX-2 tumor periphery was more significantly high than that before chemoembolization. The areas of dead cells in VX-2 tumors manifested low signal and high ADC value, while the areas of viable cells manifested high signal and low ADC value. CONCLUSION: DWI is able to detect and differentiate tumor necrotic areas from viable cellular areas before and after chemoembolization. ADC of normal liver parenchyma and VX-2 tumor are influenced by intracellular edema, tissue cellular death and microcirculation disturbance after chemoembolization.

Powder Characteristics on the Rheological Performance of Resin-based Zirconia Suspension for Stereolithography

As for ceramic stereolithography technique,the preparation of suitable resin-based ceramic slurry is of primary importance.In this study,the effects of powder characteristics such as specific surface area,particle size and distribution,particle morphology on the rheological behavior of zirconia resin-based suspensions were investigated intensively.Results show that the specific surface area of the powder is the most important factor affecting slurry viscosity.Choosing low specific surface area and quasi-spherical shaped powder is more likely to obtain low viscosity slurries.In addition,the influence of solid loading on the flow behavior were also studied using Krieger-Dougherty model.Zirconia samples with the relative density of(97.83±0.33)%were obtained after sintering at 1550℃.No obvious abnormal grain growth in the microstructure of the sintered body is observed.Results indicate that after the optimization of the processing parameters with the help of rheology characterization,complex-shaped high-quality zirconia parts can be obtained using the stereolithography technique.

Gene expression and MR diffusion-weighted imaging after chemoembolization in rabbit liver VX-2 tumor model

AIM: To investigate the dynamic characteristics and the correlation between PCNA, Bax, nm23, E-cadherin expression and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) on MR diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) after chemoembolization in rabbit liver VX-2 tumor model. METHODS: Forty New Zealand rabbit liver VX-2 tumor models were included in the study. DWI was carried out periodically after chemoembolization. All VX-2 tumor samples in each group were examined by histopathology and Strept Avidin-Biotin Complex (SABC) immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: The PCNA expression index in VX-2 tumors was higher than in the normal parenchyma around the tumor (P < 0.001). Nm23, Bax or E-caderin expression index in VX-2 tumors were lower than in the normal parenchyma around the tumor (all P < 0.001). PCNAand nm23 expression in the VX-2 tumor periphery first increased and then decreased (P < 0.001 and P = 0.03, respectively), while the expression of Bax and E-cadherin before and after chemoembolization was insignificant. When b-value was 100 s/mm2, there was a linear correlation between PCNA expression and ADC in the area of VX-2 tumor periphery (P < 0.001), and PCNA expression in VX-2 tumor periphery influenced the ADC. CONCLUSION: The potential of VX-2 tumor infiltrating and metastasizing decreases, while its ability to proliferate increases for a short time after chemoembolization. To some degree, the ADC value indirectly reflects the proliferation of VX-2 tumor cells.

High-quality Development of Selenium-enriched Industry in Guangxi Driven by Scientific and Technological Innovation

As the largest natural selenium-enriched soil area in China,Guangxi has achieved a leapfrog development in its selenium-enriched industry through the implementation of major scientific and technological projects driven by selenium-enriched innovation.The selenium-enriched industry has also become a new force in the poverty alleviation industry in Guangxi,making remarkable achievements.While summarizing and sorting out the effective measures and effects of scientific and technological innovation driving the development of selenium-enriched industry,the present paper analyzed some shortcomings and problems in the high-quality development of the selenium-enriched industry driven by the scientific and technological innovation.Finally,in view of the problems,it came up with pertinent recommendations and countermeasures,to better promote high-quality development of the selenium-enriched industry and boost the rural revitalization.

Strengthening——Foreign Scientific Cooperation in the Non-ferrous Metal Industry

Since the China Non-Ferrous Metal Industry Corporation was founded, it has always adhered to the development principle of "Science and technology are a production force" and "Economic construction must rely on science and technology progress and science and technology must serve economic construction in return" to enhance the reform in the scientific research system. With support from the State and

A qualitative study on the experiences of pregnant women undertaking mindfulness training

Purposes:This study uses the method of qualitative research to conduct in-depth interviews with pregnant women,explore the experiences of pregnant women undertake mindfulness training.Methods:The study adopts a qualitative,in-depth interview method.Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 pregnant women.Data from semi-structured interviews were analysed by qualitative content analysis using QSR NVivo 12 software.Results:Four themes were generated to show how pregnant women experiences of the mindfulness training.They are Emotion management,Benefits of mindfulness training for childbirth,Challenges and influencing factors of mindfulness training and Different attitudes toward mindfulness training.Conclusions:Pregnant women undertaking mindfulness training can effectively reduce stress and has positive effects on work and life.Mindfulness training can be used as a way to improve the mental health of pregnant women.

习近平关于家风家教重要论述的理论探究

习近平的家风家教重要论述,是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的组成部分,有独特的理论特质,是理论性与实践性的统一、历史传承与时代转换创新的统一、家庭熏陶与个人追求的统一。其核心内容包括:家庭与国家民族的前途命运紧密相连;家庭是人生关键的第一个课堂;家庭家风教育既要传承传统家庭美德,又要与时代同频共振;以好家风支撑起全社会的好风气;党员和领导干部要带动全社会的优良家风建设。新征程上,优良家风的传承与建设,要客观分析现实环境,努力探寻有效路径,引导时代新人成长。

贻贝粗骨料混凝土的宏微观性能

为了提高贝壳废弃物的消纳量,实现资源循环利用,以贻贝粗骨料替代天然粗骨料,制备了贻贝粗骨料取代率为15%、30%、45%、60%、100%的贻贝粗骨料混凝土,并研究了其宏微观性能.结果表明:贻贝粗骨料中具有较高含量的无机钙,但作为天然粗骨料的替代材料,由于吸水率为2.4%、表观密度为2402 kg/m3、压碎指标为68.2%,均超出规范要求,贻贝粗骨料物理性能弱于天然粗骨料;随着贻贝粗骨料取代率的提高,贻贝粗骨料混凝土的力学性能降低;贻贝粗骨料与砂浆界面过渡区的缺陷区域是混凝土性能劣化的主要原因;配合比设计得出,当贻贝粗骨料取代率为30%时,可以制备强度等级为C30的贻贝粗骨料混凝土.

珊瑚骨料混凝土的循环再生试验研究

为促进珊瑚骨料混凝土的循环利用,推动远海岛礁建设工程可持续发展,收集了废弃珊瑚骨料混凝土并将其破碎为再生珊瑚粗细骨料。测试了再生珊瑚骨料颗粒级配、吸水率、压碎指标等物理性能,采用模拟海水制备再生珊瑚骨料混凝土,研究其基本力学性能及收缩变形性能。结果表明,再生珊瑚骨料质地疏松,其吸水率、压碎指标等均高于普通再生骨料;再生珊瑚骨料混凝土具有显著早强特性,28 d立方体抗压强度最高可达42.5 MPa,但经循环利用后其力学性能较母体混凝土低。

Characteristics of liver on magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging:Dynamic and image pathological investigation in rabbit liver VX-2 tumor model

AIM： To investigate dynamical and image pathological characteristics of the liver on magnetic resonance （MR） diffusion-weighted imaging （DWI） in the rabbit VX-2 tumor model. METHODS： Forty New Zealand rabbits were included in the study and VX-2 tumor piece was implanted intrahepatically. Fifteen animals received two intrahepatic implantations while 25 had one intrahepatical implantation. DWI, T1- and T2-weighted of magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） were carried out on the 7th and the 14th d after implantation and DWI was conducted, respectively on the 21th d. Ten VX-2 tumor samples were studied pathologically. RESULTS： The rate of lump detected by DWI, TlWI and T2WI was 78.7%, 10.7% and 53.5% （X^2 =32.61, P 〈 0.001） on the 7th d after implantation and 95.8%, 54.3% and 82.9% （X^2 = 21.50, P 〈 0.001） on the 14th d. The signal of most VX-2 tumors on DWI was uniform and it was equal diffusion coefficient （ADC）. did not decrease on the 7th on the map of apparent The signal of VX tumors d after implantation, most of them slowly growing during the week following implantation without significant cell dying within the tumor. VX-2 tumors grew increasingly within 14 d after implantation but the signal of most VX-2 tumors on DWI or on the map of ADC was uniform or uneven and ADC of VX tumors decreased obscurely or slightly because tumor necrosis was still not obvious. On the 21th d after implantation, the signal of most VX-2 tumors on DWI or on the map of ADC was uneven because tumor necrosis was evident and ADC of VX-2 tumor necrotic areas decreased. The areas of viable cells in VX-2 tumors manifested a high signal on DWI and a low signal on the map of ADC. The areas of dead cells or necrosis in VX-2 tumors manifested low signals on DWI and low, equal or high signals on the map of ADC but they manifested high signals on DWI and on the map of ADC at the same time when the areas of necrotic tumor became liquefied or cystic. The border of tumors on DWI appeared gradually distinct and internal signals of tumor became progressively uneven. CONCLUSION： The manifestations of viable, necrotic and liquefied or cystic areas in VX-2 tumors on DWI are typical and DWI is of significant and potential values in clinical application in both the early detection and diagnosis of liver tumors.

新一代并行可扩展裂缝性油藏聚合物驱模拟器的开发

石油作为一种主要能源,在交通、工业生产以及日常生活中发挥着重要作用。大量的新技术已经被开发并用于最大化石油生产,比如聚合物驱等技术在我国得到了广泛的应用。天然裂缝油藏聚合物驱模拟对油田的可持续生产和延长油田寿命至关重要。开发了一种可扩展的并行油藏模拟器,用于使用聚合物驱技术模拟天然裂缝性油藏的石油开采,使油藏工程人员能够利用强大的并行计算机研究生产技术,优化采油过程。通过与现有的商用软件对比,数值结果验证了该模拟器的正确性和有效性。此外,数值实验也证明了该模拟器拥有良好的扩展性,它可以使用成千上万的CPU核来计算具有数亿个网格块的大规模油藏模型。

Required catalytic properties for alkane production from carboxylic acids: Hydrodeoxygenation of acetic acid

The supported Pt catalysts(1 wt%)were prepared by the incipient impregnation method and analyzed using synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction,BET surface area,oxygen adsorption,CO pulse chemisorption,temperature-programmed desorption(TPD)of acetic acid,H2-TPD,NH3-TPD,O2-TPD,and H2-TPR.The reactivity of Pt-based catalysts was studied using a fixed bed reactor at 300 C and 4 MPa for hydrodeoxygenation of acetic acid,where Pt/TiO2 was very selective for ethane production.TPD experiments revealed that several conditions must be satisfied to achieve this high selectivity to ethane from acetic acid,such as Pt sites,moderate acidity,and medium metal-oxygen bond strength in the oxide support.This work provides insights in developing novel catalytic materials for hydrocarbon productions from various organics including bio-fuels.

Intrinsic properties of active sites for hydrogen production from alcohols without coke formation

The detailed reaction pathway and coke formation mechanism over Pt/metal oxide nanoparticles during the steam reforming of ethanol （SRE） at 300℃ were studied. The catalysts were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation method and were characterized with CO pulse chemisorption, BET surface measurement, oxygen adsorption, ethanol-TPD, NH3-TPD, and TPO. The SRE activity of the catalysts with steam/ethanol molar ratio of 3/1 was tested using a continuous fixed-bed reactor. Strong interaction between Pt and supports causes lower H2 production temperatures and no C2H4 formation, while weak interaction leads to C2H4 formation and strong bonded CO on Pt particles during ethanol- TPD. H2 production over Pt-based catalysts is mainly resulted from the decomposition and dehydrogenation of ethanol, and decarbonylation of acetaldehyde. Meanwhile, coke can be formed from acetaldehyde, acetone, C2H4 and CO. However, when the interaction between Pt and supports is weak, more coke is formed especially from acetone, C2H4 and CO. When the interaction is strong, no coke formation is observed due to high oxygen storage capacity of the catalyst.

Comparative Analysis of Sugar Production Cost in Guangxi and World Major Producing Countries

Guangxi is the largest sugar producing area in China and shoulders heavy responsibilities for the development of China’s sugar industry.In recent years,China’s sugar industry has been greatly impacted by the foreign low-cost sugar industry,and the planting area of sugarcane has been declining.The development foundation of the sugar industry is the sugarcane seed industry.Under the impact of foreign low-price sugar,China’s sugarcane industry is under greater pressure for development,and the sugarcane seed industry shoulders more arduous responsibilities.In order to cope with international competition,the development of Guangxi’s sugarcane industry urgently needs to establish a development model oriented towards improved varieties,scale and mechanization of sugarcane,so as to promote the high-quality development of Guangxi’s sugarcane industry and effectively respond to the pressure of competition in the international sugarcane industry.

侦查学教学实践中避免专家盲点问题研究

在某一领域具有专业知识的人习惯于从学科结构角度组织教学,而不是从初学者的角度。特别是在教学中,会出现教师不能体会学习者是用怎样的思维来学习这个新知,并且看不到初学者学习新知时理解上出现的困难,从而导致在教学实践中既没有事先察觉与预防这些问题,在出现后又视而不见,听之任之。这些专家盲点问题,会导致教学上出现一系列的问题。要追求有效教学,就要求我们正视专家盲点,克服专家盲点。

青少年犯罪嫌疑人讯问方法初探

青少年犯罪问题对社会的危害引起了广泛关注。国家从立法层面回应了这种关切,降低了刑事责任年龄,并对有关未成年人犯罪的执法、司法做了一系列规定。如何更好地开展对青少年犯罪的侦查工作,是公安机关面对青少年犯罪问题的必答题。青少年有其独特的心理特点,因此有必要提出区别于成年犯罪嫌疑人的讯问方法,更多采用有心理学依据的合理化与说服教育等策略方法,这不仅可以有效查明案件事实真相,更是保护未成年人身心健康,推动法治建设的必然选择。

侦查学案例教学的误区与再造

案例教学是一种把学生置于需要做出决策的案例情境中的教学模式。案例教学的目的是构建供学生研讨、辩论的框架。侦查学具备实践性、应用性、综合性等特点,这些特点决定了侦查学教学与案例教学模式相契合。但侦查学教学中普遍出现了脱离教育学意义上“案例教学”(CaseMethod)原意的现象。因此有必要对此加以讨论,探清误区,重新认识,在侦查学教学中再造案例教学模式,使其回归其教学模式原意。

Impact of Online Community Structure on Information Propagation:Empirical Analysis and Modeling

Online social networking sites ( OSNS) ,as a popular social media platform,have been developed massively for business and research purposes. In this paper,it investigated the impact of community structure in online social network on information propagation. A SI (Susceptible-Infected) model based on community structure was proposed. In the SI model,the heterogeneity of user's active time was taken into account. From the results,it was found that the number of links among communities determines the fraction of infected nodes. With the increase of the number of groups G,however,the fraction of infected nodes remains approximately constant. The simulation results will be of great significance: the information will last relatively short for group networks which have either a small or a large number of groups. The results can be useful for optimizing or controlling information,such as propagating rumors in online social networks.