Osmotic pressure can break the fluid balance between intracellular and extracellular solutions.In hypo-osmotic so-lution,water molecules,which transfer into the cell and burst,are driven by the concentration differenc...Osmotic pressure can break the fluid balance between intracellular and extracellular solutions.In hypo-osmotic so-lution,water molecules,which transfer into the cell and burst,are driven by the concentration difference of solute across the semi-permeable membrane.The complicated dynamic processes of intermittent bursts have been previously observed.However,the underlying physical mechanism has yet to be thoroughly explored and analyzed.Here,the intermittent re-lease of inclusion in giant unilamellar vesicles was investigated quantitatively,applying the combination of experimental and theoretical methods in the hypo-osmotic medium.Experimentally,we adopted a highly sensitive electron multiplying charge-coupled device to acquire intermittent dynamic images.Notably,the component of the vesicle phospholipids af-fected the stretch velocity,and the prepared solution of vesicles adjusted the release time.Theoretically,we chose equations and numerical simulations to quantify the dynamic process in phases and explored the influences of physical parameters such as bilayer permeability and solution viscosity on the process.It was concluded that the time taken to achieve the balance of giant unilamellar vesicles was highly dependent on the molecular structure of the lipid.The pore lifetime was strongly related to the internal solution environment of giant unilamellar vesicles.The vesicles prepared in viscous solution were able to visualize long-lived pores.Furthermore,the line tension was measured quantitatively by the release velocity of inclusion,which was of the same order of magnitude as the theoretical simulation.In all,the experimental values well matched the theoretical values.Our investigation clarified the physical regulatory mechanism of intermittent pore forma-tion and inclusion release,which provides an important reference for the development of novel technologies such as gene therapy based on transmembrane transport as well as controlled drug delivery based on liposomes.展开更多
基金Project supported by the Joint Funds of Xinjiang Natural Science Foundation,China (Grant No.2022D01C336)School Level Key Projects of Yili Normal University (Grant No.2020YSZD003)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.11904167 and 22163011)the Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of Xinjiang, China (Grant No.XJ2022G230)
文摘Osmotic pressure can break the fluid balance between intracellular and extracellular solutions.In hypo-osmotic so-lution,water molecules,which transfer into the cell and burst,are driven by the concentration difference of solute across the semi-permeable membrane.The complicated dynamic processes of intermittent bursts have been previously observed.However,the underlying physical mechanism has yet to be thoroughly explored and analyzed.Here,the intermittent re-lease of inclusion in giant unilamellar vesicles was investigated quantitatively,applying the combination of experimental and theoretical methods in the hypo-osmotic medium.Experimentally,we adopted a highly sensitive electron multiplying charge-coupled device to acquire intermittent dynamic images.Notably,the component of the vesicle phospholipids af-fected the stretch velocity,and the prepared solution of vesicles adjusted the release time.Theoretically,we chose equations and numerical simulations to quantify the dynamic process in phases and explored the influences of physical parameters such as bilayer permeability and solution viscosity on the process.It was concluded that the time taken to achieve the balance of giant unilamellar vesicles was highly dependent on the molecular structure of the lipid.The pore lifetime was strongly related to the internal solution environment of giant unilamellar vesicles.The vesicles prepared in viscous solution were able to visualize long-lived pores.Furthermore,the line tension was measured quantitatively by the release velocity of inclusion,which was of the same order of magnitude as the theoretical simulation.In all,the experimental values well matched the theoretical values.Our investigation clarified the physical regulatory mechanism of intermittent pore forma-tion and inclusion release,which provides an important reference for the development of novel technologies such as gene therapy based on transmembrane transport as well as controlled drug delivery based on liposomes.
