Modified Tunneling Radiation of Fermions from a Spherically Symmetric Spacetime with Dark Matter

In the paper, we use the generalized Dirac equation to study the Hawking temperature and entropy of a spherically symmetric spacetime with the dark matter. The results show that the dark matter can influence the thermodynamic properties of the black hole. Meanwhile, we find the GUP corrected temperature and entropy are not only determined by the nature of black but also related to the properties of tunneling particles. Besides, the GUP can slow down the increase of Hawking temperature and causes the remnants.

Efficacy and safety of LY01005 versus goserelin implant in Chinese patients with prostate cancer: A multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase III, non-inferiority trial

Background:LY01005(Goserelin acetate sustained-release microsphere injection)is a modified gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH)agonist injected monthly.This phase III trial study aimed to evaluated the efficacy and safety of LY01005 in Chinese patients with prostate cancer.Methods:We conducted a randomized controlled,open-label,non-inferiority trial across 49 sites in China.This study included 290 patients with prostate cancer who received either LY01005 or goserelin implants every 28 days for three injections.The primary efficacy endpoints were the percentage of patients with testosterone suppression≤50 ng/dL at day 29 and the cumulative probability of testosterone≤50 ng/dL from day 29 to 85.Non-inferiority was prespecified at a margin of-10%.Secondary endpoints included significant castration(≤20 ng/dL),testosterone surge within 72 h following repeated dosing,and changes in luteinizing hormone,follicle-stimulating hormone,and prostate specific antigen levels.Results:On day 29,in the LY01005 and goserelin implant groups,testosterone concentrations fell below medical-castration levels in 99.3%(142/143)and 100%(140/140)of patients,respectively,with a difference of-0.7%(95%confidence interval[CI],-3.9%to 2.0%)between the two groups.The cumulative probabilities of maintaining castration from days 29 to 85 were 99.3%and 97.8%,respectively,with a between-group difference of 1.5%(95%CI,-1.3%to 4.4%).Both results met the criterion for non-inferiority.Secondary endpoints were similar between groups.Both treatments were well-tolerated.LY01005 was associated with fewer injection-site reactions than the goserelin implant(0%vs.1.4%[2/145]).Conclusion:LY01005 is as effective as goserelin implants in reducing testosterone to castration levels,with a similar safety profile.Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov,NCT04563936.

Quantum corrections to the thermodynamics and phase transition of a black hole surrounded by a cavity in the extended phase space

In the extended phase space,we investigate the rainbow gravity-corrected thermodynamic phenomena and phase structure of the Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by a spherical cavity.The results show that rainbow gravity has a very significant effect on the thermodynamic phenomena and phase structure of the black hole.It prevents the black hole from total evaporation and leads to a remnant with a limited temperature but no mass.Additionally,we restore the P-V criticality and obtain the critical quantities of the canonical ensemble.When the temperature or pressure is smaller than the critical quantities,the system undergoes two Hawking-Page-like phase transitions and one first-order phase transition,which never occurs in the original case.Remarkably,our findings demonstrate that the thermodynamic behavior and phase transition of the rainbow SC black hole surrounded by a cavity in the extended phase space are analogous to those of the Reissner–Nordstr?m anti-de Sitter black hole.Therefore,rainbow gravity activates the effect of electric charge and cutoff factor in the evolution of the black hole.