Proline accumulation has been shown to occur in plants in response to various environmental stresses.Although proline metabolismrelated genes have been functionally characterized,the inter-organ transport of proline i...Proline accumulation has been shown to occur in plants in response to various environmental stresses.Although proline metabolismrelated genes have been functionally characterized,the inter-organ transport of proline in stressed plants remains unclear.In this study,free proline was detected with significant accumulations in the roots,stems,and leaves of watermelon drought-tolerant germplasm M08 and drought-susceptible line Y34 under drought stress.Expression profiling and enzyme activity measurements revealed that ClP5CS1 gene,rather than its paralog ClP5CS2,mainly contributes to the proline synthesis in leaves via the Glu pathway.Additionally,over-expression of the ClP5CS genes significantly enhanced the drought tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis lines.Furthermore,we confirmed that proline is mainly synthesized in leaves and transported to roots in watermelon under drought stress.Transcriptome and expression analyses revealed that the genes involved in proline metabolism exhibited different expression levels.Specifically,ClP5CS1 was upregulated in leaves and roots,while ClP5CS2 was downregulated under drought stress.Also,415 and 362 differently expressed TFs were identified in roots and leaves,respectively,with the majority upregulated in the former.Ultimately,a model for proline metabolism was proposed.The findings of this study provided new insights into the biosynthesis,transport,and regulatory mechanism of drought-induced proline in plants.展开更多
Background subtraction is a challenging problem in surveillance scenes. Although the low-rank and sparse decomposition(LRSD) methods offer an appropriate framework for background modeling, they fail to account for ima...Background subtraction is a challenging problem in surveillance scenes. Although the low-rank and sparse decomposition(LRSD) methods offer an appropriate framework for background modeling, they fail to account for image's local structure, which is favorable for this problem. Based on this, we propose a background subtraction method via low-rank and SILTP-based structured sparse decomposition, named LRSSD. In this method, a novel SILTP-inducing sparsity norm is introduced to enhance the structured presentation of the foreground region. As an assistance, saliency detection is employed to render a rough shape and location of foreground. The final refined foreground is decided jointly by sparse component and attention map. Experimental results on different datasets show its superiority over the competing methods, especially under noise and changing illumination scenarios.展开更多
Software performance evaluation in multimedia communication systems is typically formulated into a multi-layered client-server queuing network(MLCSQN) problem. However, the existing analytical methods to MLCSQN model ...Software performance evaluation in multimedia communication systems is typically formulated into a multi-layered client-server queuing network(MLCSQN) problem. However, the existing analytical methods to MLCSQN model cannot provide satisfactory solution in terms of accuracy, convergence and consideration of interlocking effects. To this end, this paper proposes a heuristic solving method for MLCSQN model to boost the performance prediction of distributed multimedia software systems. The core concept of this method is referred to as the basic model, which can be further decomposed into two sub-models: client sub-model and server sub-model. The client sub-model calculates think time for server sub-model, and the server sub-model calculates waiting time for client sub-model. Using a breadthfirst traversal from leaf nodes to the root node and vice versa, the basic model is then adapted to MLCSQN, with net sub-models iteratively resolved. Similarly, the interlocking problem is effectively addressed with the help of the basic model. This analytical solver enjoys advantages of fast convergence, independence on specific average value analysis(MVA) methods and eliminating interlocking effects.Numerical experimental results on accuracy and computation efficiency verify its superiority over anchors.展开更多
Recognizing actions according to video features is an important problem in a wide scope of applications. In this paper, we propose a temporal scale.invariant deep learning framework for action recognition, which is ro...Recognizing actions according to video features is an important problem in a wide scope of applications. In this paper, we propose a temporal scale.invariant deep learning framework for action recognition, which is robust to the change of action speed. Specifically, a video is firstly split into several sub.action clips and a keyframe is selected from each sub.action clip. The spatial and motion features of the keyframe are extracted separately by two Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN) and combined in the convolutional fusion layer for learning the relationship between the features. Then, Long Short Term Memory(LSTM) networks are applied to the fused features to formulate long.term temporal clues. Finally, the action prediction scores of the LSTM network are combined by linear weighted summation. Extensive experiments are conducted on two popular and challenging benchmarks, namely, the UCF.101 and the HMDB51 Human Actions. On both benchmarks, our framework achieves superior results over the state.of.the.art methods by 93.7% on UCF.101 and 69.5% on HMDB51, respectively.展开更多
Dear editor,Cross-modal retrieval in remote sensing(RS) data has inspired increasing enthusiasm due to its merit in flexible input and efficient query. In this letter, we address to establish semantic relationship bet...Dear editor,Cross-modal retrieval in remote sensing(RS) data has inspired increasing enthusiasm due to its merit in flexible input and efficient query. In this letter, we address to establish semantic relationship between RS images and their description sentences.展开更多
In this paper, we summarize 3D perception-oriented algorithms for perceptually driven 3D video coding. Several perceptual effects have been exploited for 2D video viewing; however, this is not yet the case for 3D vide...In this paper, we summarize 3D perception-oriented algorithms for perceptually driven 3D video coding. Several perceptual effects have been exploited for 2D video viewing; however, this is not yet the case for 3D video viewing. 3D video requires depth perception, which implies binocular effects such as conflicts, fusion, and rivalry. A better understanding of these effects is necessary for 3D perceptual compression, which provides users with a more comfortable visual experience for video that is delivered over a channel with limited bandwidth. We present state-of-the-art of 3D visual attention models, 3D just-noticeable difference models, and 3D texture-synthesis models that address 3D human vision issues in 3D video coding and transmission.展开更多
Knowlege is important for text-related applications.In this paper,we introduce Microsoft Concept Graph,a knowledge graph engine that provides concept tagging APIs to facilitate the understanding of human languages.Mic...Knowlege is important for text-related applications.In this paper,we introduce Microsoft Concept Graph,a knowledge graph engine that provides concept tagging APIs to facilitate the understanding of human languages.Microsoft Concept Graph is built upon Probase,a universal probabilistic taxonomy consisting of instances and concepts mined from the Web.We start by introducing the construction of the knowledge graph through iterative semantic extraction and taxonomy construction procedures,which extract 2.7 million concepts from 1.68 billion Web pages.We then use conceptualization models to represent text in the concept space to empower text-related applications,such as topic search,query recommendation,Web table understanding and Ads relevance.Since the release in 2016,Microsoft Concept Graph has received more than 100,000 pageviews,2 million API calls and 3,000 registered downloads from 50,000 visitors over 64 countries.展开更多
A novel acceleration tracking controller is proposed in this paper, for a Spinning Glide Guided Projectile(SGGP) subject to cross-coupling dynamics, external disturbances, and parametric uncertainties. The cross-coupl...A novel acceleration tracking controller is proposed in this paper, for a Spinning Glide Guided Projectile(SGGP) subject to cross-coupling dynamics, external disturbances, and parametric uncertainties. The cross-coupled dynamics for the SGGP are formulated with mismatched and matched uncertainties, and then divided into acceleration and angular rate subsystems via the hierarchical principle. By exploiting the structural property of the SGGP, model-assisted Extended State Observers(ESOs) are designed to estimate online the lumped disturbances in the acceleration and angular rate dynamics. To achieve a rapid response and a strong robustness, integral sliding mode control laws and sigmoid-function-based tracking differentiators are integrated into the ESO-based Trajectory Linearization Control(TLC) framework. It is proven that the acceleration tracking controller can guarantee the ultimate boundedness of the signals in the closed-loop system and make the tracking errors arbitrarily small. The superiority and effectiveness of the proposed control scheme in its decoupling ability, accurate acceleration tracking performance and antidisturbance capability are validated through comparisons and extensive simulations.展开更多
The paper focuses on the conceptualization and measurement of global justice and discusses theories,concepts,evaluative principles,and methodologies related to the study of global justice.In this paper,we seek to clar...The paper focuses on the conceptualization and measurement of global justice and discusses theories,concepts,evaluative principles,and methodologies related to the study of global justice.In this paper,we seek to clarify how to conceptualize global justice,how conceptual indicators can be selected and justified by theories,and how those indicators can be conceptually consistent with the concept of global justice.Global justice is a broad concept that is composed of multi-level and multidimensional aspects belonging to both normative and empirical realities.A coherent and integrated theoretical framework that covers the normative basis and various empirical dimensions is therefore much needed in order to address some of the basic and important questions under study.The paper seeks to synthesize the multiple theories and conceptions of global justice that exist in the academic discourse and literature into three main theoretical approaches to global justice-rights based,good based,and virtue based.These three approaches are a good sample of and reflect well the strengths of the different theoretical,intellectual and cultural traditions at play in the study of global justice.From this perspective,the synthesis of the three approaches is meant to provide us with a coherent theoretical framework that serves as the normative basis and justifies the selection of indicators for measurement.展开更多
基金support provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31701939)National Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi province,China(Grant No.2019JQ-324)+1 种基金National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2018YFD0100704)the Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System of China(Grant No.CARS-25).
文摘Proline accumulation has been shown to occur in plants in response to various environmental stresses.Although proline metabolismrelated genes have been functionally characterized,the inter-organ transport of proline in stressed plants remains unclear.In this study,free proline was detected with significant accumulations in the roots,stems,and leaves of watermelon drought-tolerant germplasm M08 and drought-susceptible line Y34 under drought stress.Expression profiling and enzyme activity measurements revealed that ClP5CS1 gene,rather than its paralog ClP5CS2,mainly contributes to the proline synthesis in leaves via the Glu pathway.Additionally,over-expression of the ClP5CS genes significantly enhanced the drought tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis lines.Furthermore,we confirmed that proline is mainly synthesized in leaves and transported to roots in watermelon under drought stress.Transcriptome and expression analyses revealed that the genes involved in proline metabolism exhibited different expression levels.Specifically,ClP5CS1 was upregulated in leaves and roots,while ClP5CS2 was downregulated under drought stress.Also,415 and 362 differently expressed TFs were identified in roots and leaves,respectively,with the majority upregulated in the former.Ultimately,a model for proline metabolism was proposed.The findings of this study provided new insights into the biosynthesis,transport,and regulatory mechanism of drought-induced proline in plants.
基金supported in part by the EU FP7 QUICK project under Grant Agreement No.PIRSES-GA-2013-612652*National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.61671336,61502348,61231015,61671332,U1736206)+3 种基金Hubei Province Technological Innovation Major Project(No.2016AAA015,No.2017AAA123)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(413000048)National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)No.2015AA016306Applied Basic Research Program of Wuhan City(2016010101010025)
文摘Background subtraction is a challenging problem in surveillance scenes. Although the low-rank and sparse decomposition(LRSD) methods offer an appropriate framework for background modeling, they fail to account for image's local structure, which is favorable for this problem. Based on this, we propose a background subtraction method via low-rank and SILTP-based structured sparse decomposition, named LRSSD. In this method, a novel SILTP-inducing sparsity norm is introduced to enhance the structured presentation of the foreground region. As an assistance, saliency detection is employed to render a rough shape and location of foreground. The final refined foreground is decided jointly by sparse component and attention map. Experimental results on different datasets show its superiority over the competing methods, especially under noise and changing illumination scenarios.
基金supported by the Application Research of the Remote Sensing Technology on Global Energy Internet(JYYKJXM(2017)011)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61671332,41701518,41771452,41771454,U1736206)+4 种基金National key R&D Project(2016YFE0202300)Hubei Province Technological Innovation Major Project(2017AAA123)Applied Basic Research Program of Wuhan City(2016010101010025)Basic Research Program of Shenzhen(JCYJ20170306171431656)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2042016gf0033)
文摘Software performance evaluation in multimedia communication systems is typically formulated into a multi-layered client-server queuing network(MLCSQN) problem. However, the existing analytical methods to MLCSQN model cannot provide satisfactory solution in terms of accuracy, convergence and consideration of interlocking effects. To this end, this paper proposes a heuristic solving method for MLCSQN model to boost the performance prediction of distributed multimedia software systems. The core concept of this method is referred to as the basic model, which can be further decomposed into two sub-models: client sub-model and server sub-model. The client sub-model calculates think time for server sub-model, and the server sub-model calculates waiting time for client sub-model. Using a breadthfirst traversal from leaf nodes to the root node and vice versa, the basic model is then adapted to MLCSQN, with net sub-models iteratively resolved. Similarly, the interlocking problem is effectively addressed with the help of the basic model. This analytical solver enjoys advantages of fast convergence, independence on specific average value analysis(MVA) methods and eliminating interlocking effects.Numerical experimental results on accuracy and computation efficiency verify its superiority over anchors.
基金supported in part by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (2015AA016306)the National Nature Science Foundation of China (61231015)+2 种基金the Technology Research Program of Ministry of Public Security (2016JSYJA12)the Shenzhen Basic Research Projects (JCYJ20150422150029090)the Applied Basic Research Program of Wuhan City (2016010101010025)
文摘Recognizing actions according to video features is an important problem in a wide scope of applications. In this paper, we propose a temporal scale.invariant deep learning framework for action recognition, which is robust to the change of action speed. Specifically, a video is firstly split into several sub.action clips and a keyframe is selected from each sub.action clip. The spatial and motion features of the keyframe are extracted separately by two Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN) and combined in the convolutional fusion layer for learning the relationship between the features. Then, Long Short Term Memory(LSTM) networks are applied to the fused features to formulate long.term temporal clues. Finally, the action prediction scores of the LSTM network are combined by linear weighted summation. Extensive experiments are conducted on two popular and challenging benchmarks, namely, the UCF.101 and the HMDB51 Human Actions. On both benchmarks, our framework achieves superior results over the state.of.the.art methods by 93.7% on UCF.101 and 69.5% on HMDB51, respectively.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42090012)Special Research and 5G Project of Jiangxi Province in China (20212ABC03A09)+2 种基金Guangdong-Macao Joint Innovation Project (2021A0505080008)Key R & D Project of Sichuan Science and Technology Plan (2022YFN0031)Zhuhai Industry University Research Cooperation Project of China (ZH22017001210098PWC)。
文摘Dear editor,Cross-modal retrieval in remote sensing(RS) data has inspired increasing enthusiasm due to its merit in flexible input and efficient query. In this letter, we address to establish semantic relationship between RS images and their description sentences.
文摘In this paper, we summarize 3D perception-oriented algorithms for perceptually driven 3D video coding. Several perceptual effects have been exploited for 2D video viewing; however, this is not yet the case for 3D video viewing. 3D video requires depth perception, which implies binocular effects such as conflicts, fusion, and rivalry. A better understanding of these effects is necessary for 3D perceptual compression, which provides users with a more comfortable visual experience for video that is delivered over a channel with limited bandwidth. We present state-of-the-art of 3D visual attention models, 3D just-noticeable difference models, and 3D texture-synthesis models that address 3D human vision issues in 3D video coding and transmission.
基金This work was partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51605220, U1637101, 51435008), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. BK20160793), the High Level Introduction of Talent Research Start-up Fund in NUAA (Grant No. 1011-YAH16010), and Open Project Fund in Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Interventional Medical Devices (Grant No. jr1601). The authors would very much like to thank Professor Stanislav N. Gorb in the Department of Functional Morphology and Biome- chanics in the Zoological Institute of the University of Kiel, Germany, for his help with the mushroom-shapeddry adhesives, and also thank Dr. Yajun Xue and Miss Yan Ding for help with the SEM observations.
文摘Knowlege is important for text-related applications.In this paper,we introduce Microsoft Concept Graph,a knowledge graph engine that provides concept tagging APIs to facilitate the understanding of human languages.Microsoft Concept Graph is built upon Probase,a universal probabilistic taxonomy consisting of instances and concepts mined from the Web.We start by introducing the construction of the knowledge graph through iterative semantic extraction and taxonomy construction procedures,which extract 2.7 million concepts from 1.68 billion Web pages.We then use conceptualization models to represent text in the concept space to empower text-related applications,such as topic search,query recommendation,Web table understanding and Ads relevance.Since the release in 2016,Microsoft Concept Graph has received more than 100,000 pageviews,2 million API calls and 3,000 registered downloads from 50,000 visitors over 64 countries.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University(No.30919011401)。
文摘A novel acceleration tracking controller is proposed in this paper, for a Spinning Glide Guided Projectile(SGGP) subject to cross-coupling dynamics, external disturbances, and parametric uncertainties. The cross-coupled dynamics for the SGGP are formulated with mismatched and matched uncertainties, and then divided into acceleration and angular rate subsystems via the hierarchical principle. By exploiting the structural property of the SGGP, model-assisted Extended State Observers(ESOs) are designed to estimate online the lumped disturbances in the acceleration and angular rate dynamics. To achieve a rapid response and a strong robustness, integral sliding mode control laws and sigmoid-function-based tracking differentiators are integrated into the ESO-based Trajectory Linearization Control(TLC) framework. It is proven that the acceleration tracking controller can guarantee the ultimate boundedness of the signals in the closed-loop system and make the tracking errors arbitrarily small. The superiority and effectiveness of the proposed control scheme in its decoupling ability, accurate acceleration tracking performance and antidisturbance capability are validated through comparisons and extensive simulations.
文摘The paper focuses on the conceptualization and measurement of global justice and discusses theories,concepts,evaluative principles,and methodologies related to the study of global justice.In this paper,we seek to clarify how to conceptualize global justice,how conceptual indicators can be selected and justified by theories,and how those indicators can be conceptually consistent with the concept of global justice.Global justice is a broad concept that is composed of multi-level and multidimensional aspects belonging to both normative and empirical realities.A coherent and integrated theoretical framework that covers the normative basis and various empirical dimensions is therefore much needed in order to address some of the basic and important questions under study.The paper seeks to synthesize the multiple theories and conceptions of global justice that exist in the academic discourse and literature into three main theoretical approaches to global justice-rights based,good based,and virtue based.These three approaches are a good sample of and reflect well the strengths of the different theoretical,intellectual and cultural traditions at play in the study of global justice.From this perspective,the synthesis of the three approaches is meant to provide us with a coherent theoretical framework that serves as the normative basis and justifies the selection of indicators for measurement.