Background Significant progress has taken place over the past 50 years in the control of schistosomiasis japonica in China. However, the available data suggested that schistosomiasis has re-emerged shortly after the W...Background Significant progress has taken place over the past 50 years in the control of schistosomiasis japonica in China. However, the available data suggested that schistosomiasis has re-emerged shortly after the World Bank Loan Project which was conducted from 1992 to 2001. The national control program with a revised strategy to control schistosomiasis by using integrated measures has been implemented since 2005. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of the national program on schistosomiasis control from 2005 to 2008.Methods A retrospective study was carried out to analyze the epidemic patterns of acute infections with Schistosoma japonicum （S. japonicum）, based on the number of acute cases annually collected from the web-based national communicable diseases reporting system from 2005 to 2008.Results A total of 564, 207, 83 and 57 acute cases infected with S. japonicum were reported nationwide in 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008, respectively, with an average annual reduction rate of 46.35% during last four years. Six outbreaks of acute infection with S. japonicurn were reported in 2005 but none in the period of 2006 to 2008. All acute cases that were reported mainly came from the lake regions and became infected during the higher risk periods from the 27th to 43rd weeks of the year. Most of these cases are students （44.87%）, farmers （31.51 %） and fishermen （7.79%） who got the infection by water contact mainly through swimming （41.49%） and production activities （40.25%）. With time, the proportion of imported cases among all acute cases increased due to more frequent movement of people that has occurred with a more mobile population.Conclusions The national control program on schistosomiasis aliened with the revised control strategy has been effectively brought into effect. However, there is still a significant risk of infection among students, farmers and fishermen living in the lake regions. Therefore, it is important to strengthen control measures among risk populations in the high risk areas of transmission, or the lake regions.展开更多
On 30 June 2021,the World Health Organization announced that the Peoples Republic of China(PR China)had been certified malaria-free[1],after a field mission in PR China in May 2021 by an independent certification pane...On 30 June 2021,the World Health Organization announced that the Peoples Republic of China(PR China)had been certified malaria-free[1],after a field mission in PR China in May 2021 by an independent certification panel.This award of malaria-free certification is a major milestone both for the world history in malaria eradication programme and for the Chinese public health history.Malaria is one of the top three infectious diseases in terms of disease burden and impacts on the world population.According to the World Malaria Report,229 million people had malaria and 409000 people died of it in 2019[2].展开更多
The number of surveillance networks for infectious disease diagnosis and response has been growing.In 2000,the World Health Organization(WHO)established the Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network,which has been en...The number of surveillance networks for infectious disease diagnosis and response has been growing.In 2000,the World Health Organization(WHO)established the Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network,which has been endorsed by each of the 46 WHO African members since then.Yet,taming the dynamics and plague of the vicious Ebola virus disease(EVD)in African countries has been patchy and erratic due to inadequate surveillance and contact tracing,community defiance and resistance,a lack of detection and response systems,meager/weak knowledge and information on the disease,inadequacies in protective materials protocols,contact tracing nightmare and differing priorities at various levels of the public health system.Despite the widespread acceptance of syndromic surveillance(SS)systems,their ability to provide early warning alerts and notifications of outbreaks is still unverified.Information is often too limited for any outbreak,or emerging or otherwise unexpected disease,to be recognized at either the community or the national level.Indeed,little is known about the role and the interactions between the Ebola infection and exposure to other syndemics and the development of acquired immunity,asymptomatic reservoir,and Ebola seroconversion.Can lessons be learnt from smallpox,polio,and influenza immunity,and can immunization against these serve as a guide?In most endemic countries,community health centers and disease control and prevention at airports solely relies on passive routine immunization control and reactive syndromic response.The frontline and airport Ebola SS systems in West Africa have shown deficiencies in terms of responding with an alarming number of case fatalities,and suggest that more detailed insights into Ebola,and proactive actions,are needed.The quest for effective early indicators(EEE)in shifting the public and global health paradigm requires the development and implementation of a comprehensive and effective community or regional integrated pandemic preparedness and surveillance response systems tailored to local contexts.These systems must have mechanisms for early identification,rapid contact tracing and tracking,confirmation,and communication with the local population and the global community,and must endeavor to respond in a timely manner.展开更多
Schistosomiasis,caused by infections with Schistosoma japonicum,is one of the human parasitic diseases that remains a public health problem throughout the world’s tropical and subtropical regions.With the sustained e...Schistosomiasis,caused by infections with Schistosoma japonicum,is one of the human parasitic diseases that remains a public health problem throughout the world’s tropical and subtropical regions.With the sustained efforts for six decades,schistosomiasis has been effectively controlled in China.But in the lake region of the schistosomiasis endemic areas,the disease is still a big burden to some specific population,such as fishmen and boatmen,which hinders the local social-economic development.Currently,due展开更多
The journal Infectious Diseases of Poverty(IDP)was launched on October 25,2012.The"One Health-One World"concept remains in focus w让h the least developed countries at the epicentre of the publication activit...The journal Infectious Diseases of Poverty(IDP)was launched on October 25,2012.The"One Health-One World"concept remains in focus w让h the least developed countries at the epicentre of the publication activities.展开更多
基金This study was supported by the grants from the Chinese National Science Foundation （No. 30590373）, the UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO/Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases （TDR No. 970990）, and the Ministry of Science and Technology （No. 2003DIA6N009, No. 2005DKA21104, No. 2007BAC03A02）, and National Project of Important Infectious Diseases （No. 2008ZX 10004-011）.Acknowledgements： We would thank Dr. John Ehrenberg （WHO-WPRO Regional Adviser on Malaria, Other Vector-borne and Parasitic Diseases）, Professor CHEN Ming-gang （National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, China CDC）, Dr. Remigo M. Olveda and all the staff in the training courses of the Research Institute for Tropical Medicine in Philippines for their kind assistance during the preparation of this manuscript including data handling, writing and comments.
文摘Background Significant progress has taken place over the past 50 years in the control of schistosomiasis japonica in China. However, the available data suggested that schistosomiasis has re-emerged shortly after the World Bank Loan Project which was conducted from 1992 to 2001. The national control program with a revised strategy to control schistosomiasis by using integrated measures has been implemented since 2005. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of the national program on schistosomiasis control from 2005 to 2008.Methods A retrospective study was carried out to analyze the epidemic patterns of acute infections with Schistosoma japonicum （S. japonicum）, based on the number of acute cases annually collected from the web-based national communicable diseases reporting system from 2005 to 2008.Results A total of 564, 207, 83 and 57 acute cases infected with S. japonicum were reported nationwide in 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008, respectively, with an average annual reduction rate of 46.35% during last four years. Six outbreaks of acute infection with S. japonicurn were reported in 2005 but none in the period of 2006 to 2008. All acute cases that were reported mainly came from the lake regions and became infected during the higher risk periods from the 27th to 43rd weeks of the year. Most of these cases are students （44.87%）, farmers （31.51 %） and fishermen （7.79%） who got the infection by water contact mainly through swimming （41.49%） and production activities （40.25%）. With time, the proportion of imported cases among all acute cases increased due to more frequent movement of people that has occurred with a more mobile population.Conclusions The national control program on schistosomiasis aliened with the revised control strategy has been effectively brought into effect. However, there is still a significant risk of infection among students, farmers and fishermen living in the lake regions. Therefore, it is important to strengthen control measures among risk populations in the high risk areas of transmission, or the lake regions.
基金The Excelle nee Action Plan for Scie nee and Tech no logy Journals in China(C-084).
文摘On 30 June 2021,the World Health Organization announced that the Peoples Republic of China(PR China)had been certified malaria-free[1],after a field mission in PR China in May 2021 by an independent certification panel.This award of malaria-free certification is a major milestone both for the world history in malaria eradication programme and for the Chinese public health history.Malaria is one of the top three infectious diseases in terms of disease burden and impacts on the world population.According to the World Malaria Report,229 million people had malaria and 409000 people died of it in 2019[2].
文摘The number of surveillance networks for infectious disease diagnosis and response has been growing.In 2000,the World Health Organization(WHO)established the Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network,which has been endorsed by each of the 46 WHO African members since then.Yet,taming the dynamics and plague of the vicious Ebola virus disease(EVD)in African countries has been patchy and erratic due to inadequate surveillance and contact tracing,community defiance and resistance,a lack of detection and response systems,meager/weak knowledge and information on the disease,inadequacies in protective materials protocols,contact tracing nightmare and differing priorities at various levels of the public health system.Despite the widespread acceptance of syndromic surveillance(SS)systems,their ability to provide early warning alerts and notifications of outbreaks is still unverified.Information is often too limited for any outbreak,or emerging or otherwise unexpected disease,to be recognized at either the community or the national level.Indeed,little is known about the role and the interactions between the Ebola infection and exposure to other syndemics and the development of acquired immunity,asymptomatic reservoir,and Ebola seroconversion.Can lessons be learnt from smallpox,polio,and influenza immunity,and can immunization against these serve as a guide?In most endemic countries,community health centers and disease control and prevention at airports solely relies on passive routine immunization control and reactive syndromic response.The frontline and airport Ebola SS systems in West Africa have shown deficiencies in terms of responding with an alarming number of case fatalities,and suggest that more detailed insights into Ebola,and proactive actions,are needed.The quest for effective early indicators(EEE)in shifting the public and global health paradigm requires the development and implementation of a comprehensive and effective community or regional integrated pandemic preparedness and surveillance response systems tailored to local contexts.These systems must have mechanisms for early identification,rapid contact tracing and tracking,confirmation,and communication with the local population and the global community,and must endeavor to respond in a timely manner.
文摘Schistosomiasis,caused by infections with Schistosoma japonicum,is one of the human parasitic diseases that remains a public health problem throughout the world’s tropical and subtropical regions.With the sustained efforts for six decades,schistosomiasis has been effectively controlled in China.But in the lake region of the schistosomiasis endemic areas,the disease is still a big burden to some specific population,such as fishmen and boatmen,which hinders the local social-economic development.Currently,due
基金The Excellence Action Plan for Science and Technology Journals in China(C-084)。
文摘The journal Infectious Diseases of Poverty(IDP)was launched on October 25,2012.The"One Health-One World"concept remains in focus w让h the least developed countries at the epicentre of the publication activities.
