Soil chronosequences derived from landslides with certain time series are the great avenue to elevate our understanding on the processes of pedogenesis,nutrient dynamics,and ecosystem evolution.However,the constructio...Soil chronosequences derived from landslides with certain time series are the great avenue to elevate our understanding on the processes of pedogenesis,nutrient dynamics,and ecosystem evolution.However,the construction of reliable soil chronosequence from historical landslides remains intricate.Here,we presented a 22,000-year soil chronosequence from multiple landslides on the upper reach of Minjiang River,western China.The variation in a variety of pedogenesis indices and soil nutrients verified the reliability of the chronosequence.The silica-alumina ratio and silica sesquioxide ratio decreased significantly with soil age.This reflected the enrichment of Al/Fe/Ti oxides but the depletion of Si oxides with the soil development.Meanwhile,the values of the Chemical Index of Weathering and the Chemical Index of Alteration increased significantly with soil age,especially from 5 to 89 years.These variations were attributed to the soil weathering,which led to the destruction of soil minerals with the rapid loss of most of cations(e.g.,K,Na,Ca,and Mg)during the soil development.The concentrations of carbon and nitrogen in topsoil increased with soil age,and the carbon accumulation rate slowed significantly from 5,500 to 22,000 years.The total phosphorus concentrations decreased with soil age,suggesting the gradual loss of soil phosphorus with soil development.The results indicate that the landslide chronosequence established on the upper reach of Minjiang River is reliable and delineates a long-term soil development process,which will provide a great platform for further improvement of biogeochemical theories and understanding sustainable vegetation restoration.展开更多
目的基于公开数据库中的大样本信息,探究日常咖啡摄入与不同类型疼痛之间的相关性。方法提取美国国家卫生和营养检查调查(National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,NHANES)数据库中1999—2000年、2001—2002年、2003—2004年...目的基于公开数据库中的大样本信息,探究日常咖啡摄入与不同类型疼痛之间的相关性。方法提取美国国家卫生和营养检查调查(National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,NHANES)数据库中1999—2000年、2001—2002年、2003—2004年3个周期受试者的咖啡摄入、疼痛及11个协变量(包括年龄、性别、种族、受教育程度等)数据,采用无序多分类Logistic回归法构建3种模型评估日常咖啡摄入与疼痛之间的相关性。结果共入选符合纳入与排除标准的受试者13428名,其平均年龄为(49.79±19.06)岁,男女比例为0.9∶1。每日咖啡摄入情况:无咖啡摄入7794名(58.0%),>0~2杯咖啡摄入2077名(15.5%),>2杯咖啡摄入3557名(26.5%);每日咖啡因摄入情况:无咖啡因摄入7794名(58.0%),>0~200 mg咖啡因摄入3152名(23.5%),>200 mg咖啡因摄入2482名(18.5%)。疼痛情况:无疼痛或疼痛持续时间<24 h 10202名(76.0%),急性疼痛910名(6.8%),亚急性疼痛369名(2.7%),慢性疼痛1947名(14.5%)。经权重估算,13428名受试者预计可代表1.9亿(190709157名)年龄≥20岁的美国公民,该期间美国人群急性疼痛、亚急性疼痛、慢性疼痛总体患病率分别为8%、3%、16%。Logistic回归分析显示,在未对任何协变量进行校正时,相较于每日无咖啡/咖啡因摄入者,每日咖啡摄入>2杯(OR=1.354,95%CI:1.187~1.544)或咖啡因摄入>200 mg(OR=1.372,95%CI:1.185~1.587)人群出现慢性疼痛的风险增加;当校正年龄、性别、种族的影响后,可得到相近结果,OR值分别为1.243(95%CI:1.083~1.427)和1.249(95%CI:1.072~1.456);当对11个协变量均进行校正时,未发现每日咖啡摄入杯数及咖啡因摄入量与慢性疼痛具有明显相关性。3种模型均未发现每日咖啡摄入杯数、咖啡因摄入量与急性疼痛、亚急性疼痛存在相关性。结论与不摄入咖啡者相比,每日大量摄入咖啡者出现慢性疼痛的风险增高,但此种相关性受多种因素的影响;尚未发现日常咖啡摄入与急性疼痛、亚急性疼痛存在明显相关性。仍需开展基础研究和前瞻性临床试验进一步明确咖啡摄入与慢性疼痛之间的因果关系及其确切作用机制。展开更多
基金funded by the Key Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences for International Cooperation(131551KYSB20190028)the Key Research and Development Projects Foundation of Sichuan,China(Grants No.2018JZ0075)。
文摘Soil chronosequences derived from landslides with certain time series are the great avenue to elevate our understanding on the processes of pedogenesis,nutrient dynamics,and ecosystem evolution.However,the construction of reliable soil chronosequence from historical landslides remains intricate.Here,we presented a 22,000-year soil chronosequence from multiple landslides on the upper reach of Minjiang River,western China.The variation in a variety of pedogenesis indices and soil nutrients verified the reliability of the chronosequence.The silica-alumina ratio and silica sesquioxide ratio decreased significantly with soil age.This reflected the enrichment of Al/Fe/Ti oxides but the depletion of Si oxides with the soil development.Meanwhile,the values of the Chemical Index of Weathering and the Chemical Index of Alteration increased significantly with soil age,especially from 5 to 89 years.These variations were attributed to the soil weathering,which led to the destruction of soil minerals with the rapid loss of most of cations(e.g.,K,Na,Ca,and Mg)during the soil development.The concentrations of carbon and nitrogen in topsoil increased with soil age,and the carbon accumulation rate slowed significantly from 5,500 to 22,000 years.The total phosphorus concentrations decreased with soil age,suggesting the gradual loss of soil phosphorus with soil development.The results indicate that the landslide chronosequence established on the upper reach of Minjiang River is reliable and delineates a long-term soil development process,which will provide a great platform for further improvement of biogeochemical theories and understanding sustainable vegetation restoration.
文摘目的基于公开数据库中的大样本信息,探究日常咖啡摄入与不同类型疼痛之间的相关性。方法提取美国国家卫生和营养检查调查(National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,NHANES)数据库中1999—2000年、2001—2002年、2003—2004年3个周期受试者的咖啡摄入、疼痛及11个协变量(包括年龄、性别、种族、受教育程度等)数据,采用无序多分类Logistic回归法构建3种模型评估日常咖啡摄入与疼痛之间的相关性。结果共入选符合纳入与排除标准的受试者13428名,其平均年龄为(49.79±19.06)岁,男女比例为0.9∶1。每日咖啡摄入情况:无咖啡摄入7794名(58.0%),>0~2杯咖啡摄入2077名(15.5%),>2杯咖啡摄入3557名(26.5%);每日咖啡因摄入情况:无咖啡因摄入7794名(58.0%),>0~200 mg咖啡因摄入3152名(23.5%),>200 mg咖啡因摄入2482名(18.5%)。疼痛情况:无疼痛或疼痛持续时间<24 h 10202名(76.0%),急性疼痛910名(6.8%),亚急性疼痛369名(2.7%),慢性疼痛1947名(14.5%)。经权重估算,13428名受试者预计可代表1.9亿(190709157名)年龄≥20岁的美国公民,该期间美国人群急性疼痛、亚急性疼痛、慢性疼痛总体患病率分别为8%、3%、16%。Logistic回归分析显示,在未对任何协变量进行校正时,相较于每日无咖啡/咖啡因摄入者,每日咖啡摄入>2杯(OR=1.354,95%CI:1.187~1.544)或咖啡因摄入>200 mg(OR=1.372,95%CI:1.185~1.587)人群出现慢性疼痛的风险增加;当校正年龄、性别、种族的影响后,可得到相近结果,OR值分别为1.243(95%CI:1.083~1.427)和1.249(95%CI:1.072~1.456);当对11个协变量均进行校正时,未发现每日咖啡摄入杯数及咖啡因摄入量与慢性疼痛具有明显相关性。3种模型均未发现每日咖啡摄入杯数、咖啡因摄入量与急性疼痛、亚急性疼痛存在相关性。结论与不摄入咖啡者相比,每日大量摄入咖啡者出现慢性疼痛的风险增高,但此种相关性受多种因素的影响;尚未发现日常咖啡摄入与急性疼痛、亚急性疼痛存在明显相关性。仍需开展基础研究和前瞻性临床试验进一步明确咖啡摄入与慢性疼痛之间的因果关系及其确切作用机制。
