脑小血管病(small vessel disease,SVD)是衰老过程中的常见疾病,可出现卒中、认知障碍、神经心理症状或其他功能损害表现。脑小血管病国际影像标准1(standards for reporting vascular changes on neuroimaging 1,STRIVE-1)对结构MRI上...脑小血管病(small vessel disease,SVD)是衰老过程中的常见疾病,可出现卒中、认知障碍、神经心理症状或其他功能损害表现。脑小血管病国际影像标准1(standards for reporting vascular changes on neuroimaging 1,STRIVE-1)对结构MRI上所见的SVD不同影像特征,包括脑白质高信号、血管周围间隙、微出血、近期皮质下小梗死、假定血管源性腔隙和脑萎缩,进行了分类和标准化。随着对SVD影像特征认识的逐渐清晰,以及机器学习方法的迅速兴起,新的SVD研究的神经影像学标准——STRIVE-2已发布。为更全面地反映SVD对大脑的影响,STRIVE-2新增加了脑皮质的微梗死、偶发DWI阳性病灶等影像学特征,同时提出了当前SVD相关研究的困境和未来科研发展的希望。展开更多
The best linear fit of Hc(T)/Ms(T) vs 2k1(T)/0Ms2(T) infers that Hc is determined by a nucleation process in nanocrystalline twophase magnet. The condition of the grain shapes is improved after adding Hf and Ga, but t...The best linear fit of Hc(T)/Ms(T) vs 2k1(T)/0Ms2(T) infers that Hc is determined by a nucleation process in nanocrystalline twophase magnet. The condition of the grain shapes is improved after adding Hf and Ga, but the surfaces are deteriorated by some precipitates on the boundary. Taking into account the values of , Neff, the results of TEM, and Moessbauer spectroscopy, the magnetic field heattreatment not only induces grain refinement but also causes a uniform distribution of the soft and hard phases. It is one recommendable method to improve the condition of the microstructure. Both the remanence and energy product values are increased by 20 %-30 % for all ribbons after annealing with magnetic field. The magnetic interaction in Nd2Fe14B/Fe3B+Fe based nanocrystalline twophase magnets is studied using M plots in this paper. It is found that the exchangecoupled interaction is greatly enhanced in the sample annealed with magnetic heattreatment, specially, Nd4Fe76Co3Hf0.5Ga0.5B16 which achieves the highest energy product (BH)max=126.4 kJ/m3.展开更多
嵌合抗原受体T细胞(chimeric antigen receptor T cell,CAR⁃T)免疫疗法是近年来发展迅速的一种新型细胞疗法,在多种复发或难治性血液系统肿瘤治疗中取得了巨大成功。然而大量临床研究显示CAR⁃T细胞治疗后可出现不同程度的毒副作用,且部...嵌合抗原受体T细胞(chimeric antigen receptor T cell,CAR⁃T)免疫疗法是近年来发展迅速的一种新型细胞疗法,在多种复发或难治性血液系统肿瘤治疗中取得了巨大成功。然而大量临床研究显示CAR⁃T细胞治疗后可出现不同程度的毒副作用,且部分患者缓解后再次复发。因此,了解CAR⁃T疗法面临的挑战,寻找克服局限性的办法,对充分发挥CAR⁃T细胞潜能具有重要意义。本文就CAR⁃T细胞的基本结构与功能及其在血液系统恶性肿瘤中的应用及面临的挑战进行综述。展开更多
文摘脑小血管病(small vessel disease,SVD)是衰老过程中的常见疾病,可出现卒中、认知障碍、神经心理症状或其他功能损害表现。脑小血管病国际影像标准1(standards for reporting vascular changes on neuroimaging 1,STRIVE-1)对结构MRI上所见的SVD不同影像特征,包括脑白质高信号、血管周围间隙、微出血、近期皮质下小梗死、假定血管源性腔隙和脑萎缩,进行了分类和标准化。随着对SVD影像特征认识的逐渐清晰,以及机器学习方法的迅速兴起,新的SVD研究的神经影像学标准——STRIVE-2已发布。为更全面地反映SVD对大脑的影响,STRIVE-2新增加了脑皮质的微梗死、偶发DWI阳性病灶等影像学特征,同时提出了当前SVD相关研究的困境和未来科研发展的希望。
文摘The best linear fit of Hc(T)/Ms(T) vs 2k1(T)/0Ms2(T) infers that Hc is determined by a nucleation process in nanocrystalline twophase magnet. The condition of the grain shapes is improved after adding Hf and Ga, but the surfaces are deteriorated by some precipitates on the boundary. Taking into account the values of , Neff, the results of TEM, and Moessbauer spectroscopy, the magnetic field heattreatment not only induces grain refinement but also causes a uniform distribution of the soft and hard phases. It is one recommendable method to improve the condition of the microstructure. Both the remanence and energy product values are increased by 20 %-30 % for all ribbons after annealing with magnetic field. The magnetic interaction in Nd2Fe14B/Fe3B+Fe based nanocrystalline twophase magnets is studied using M plots in this paper. It is found that the exchangecoupled interaction is greatly enhanced in the sample annealed with magnetic heattreatment, specially, Nd4Fe76Co3Hf0.5Ga0.5B16 which achieves the highest energy product (BH)max=126.4 kJ/m3.
文摘嵌合抗原受体T细胞(chimeric antigen receptor T cell,CAR⁃T)免疫疗法是近年来发展迅速的一种新型细胞疗法,在多种复发或难治性血液系统肿瘤治疗中取得了巨大成功。然而大量临床研究显示CAR⁃T细胞治疗后可出现不同程度的毒副作用,且部分患者缓解后再次复发。因此,了解CAR⁃T疗法面临的挑战,寻找克服局限性的办法,对充分发挥CAR⁃T细胞潜能具有重要意义。本文就CAR⁃T细胞的基本结构与功能及其在血液系统恶性肿瘤中的应用及面临的挑战进行综述。
