Saline-alkaline stress can dramatically inhibit plant growth and limit crop production. Wild soybean （Glycine soja） is a crop that adapts well to such environmental stresses. In this study, RNA-sequencing technology...Saline-alkaline stress can dramatically inhibit plant growth and limit crop production. Wild soybean （Glycine soja） is a crop that adapts well to such environmental stresses. In this study, RNA-sequencing technology was used to analyze the transcriptome profles of G. soja roots subjected to 50 mmol·L^-1 NaHCO3 and 150 mmol·L^-1 NaCl treatments. Totally, 2 125 differentially-expressed genes （DEGs） after NaCl treatment and 1 839 DEGs after NaHCO3 treatment were identifed. The top 14 DEGs revealed by RNA-seq were analyzed using qRT-PCR （quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction）. Gene ontology （GO） annotation showed that most of DEGs under salt and alkali stresses were enriched in ＂metabolic process＂, ＂catalytic activity＂ and ＂binding＂ terms. To search for transcription factors （TFs） among DEGs, the data were screened against TF database PlantTFDB, and it was found that fve TF families, Apetala2/ethylene-responsive element binding proteins （AP2-EREBP）, V-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog （MYB）, WRKYGQK and Zinc fnger motif （WRKY）, NAM, ATAF1/2, CUC1/2 （NAC） and Cys2/His2 （C2H2） were involved in salt stress response. Other fve TF families, NAC, WRKY, MYB, AP2-EREBP and bZIP were involved in response to alkali stress. These two stress treatments shared NAC, WRKY, AP2-EREBP and MYB, and the only two different TFs were bZIP and C2H2. Forty-eight MYB TFs were differentially expressed under salt and alkali stresses, and most of them were up-regulated. This study provided useful information for further investigation of DEGs and TFs in response to saline and alkaline stresses and helped in understanding the molecular basis of the response of G. soja to saline and alkaline stresses.展开更多
MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are a group of regulatory RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally by the degradation or translational inhibition of their target messenger RNAs （mRNAs）. Regulation is accomplis...MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are a group of regulatory RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally by the degradation or translational inhibition of their target messenger RNAs （mRNAs）. Regulation is accomplished when the 22-25 nucleotide miRNAs bind to complementary sequences in the 3＇-untranslated regions （UTR）. One barrier to miRNA research is to find target genes. Although computational target predictions have shed light on important aspects of microRNA target recognition, questions remain concerning the rates of false positives. In addition, we do not completely understand how microRNAs can recognize and regulate their targets. As such, experimental positive predictions and allow for an unbiased stu ap dy proaches are required, which can reflect in vivo processes, eliminating false of microRNA target recognition. In this review, we summarized experimental approaches that have been described for the identification and validation of mRNA targets associated with specific miRNAs.展开更多
The enzyme myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase（MIPS EC 5.5.1.4） catalyzes the first step of myo-inositol biosynthesis, a product that plays crucial roles in plants as an osmoprotectant, transduction molecule, cell wal...The enzyme myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase（MIPS EC 5.5.1.4） catalyzes the first step of myo-inositol biosynthesis, a product that plays crucial roles in plants as an osmoprotectant, transduction molecule, cell wall constituent and production of stress related molecule. Previous reports highlighted an important role of MIPS family genes in abiotic stresses particularly under salt stress tolerance in several plant species; however, little is known about the cellular and physiological functions of MIPS2 genes under abiotic conditions. In this study, a novel salt stress responsive gene designated Gs MIPS2 from wild soybean Glycine soja 07256 was functionally characterized contained an open reading frame（ORF） of 1 533 bp coding a peptide sequence of 510 amino acids along with mass of 56 445 ku. Multiple sequence alignment analysis revealed its 92%-99% similarity with other MIPS family members in legume proteins. Quantitative real-time PCR results demonstrated that Gs MIPS2 was induced by salt stress and expressed in roots of soybean. The positive function of Gs MIPS2 under salt response at different growth stages of transgenic Arabidopsis was also elucidated. The results showed that Gs MIPS2 transgenic lines displayed increased tolerance as compared to WT and atmips2 mutant lines under salt stress. Furthermore, the expression levels of some salt stress responsive marker genes, including KIN1, RD29 A, RD29 B, P5 Cs and COR47 were significantly up-regulated in Gs MIPS2 overexpression lines than wild type and atmips2 mutant. Collectively, these results suggested that Gs MIPS2 gene was a positive regulator of plant tolerance to salt stress. This was the first report to demonstrate that overexpression of Gs MIPS2 gene from wild soybean improved salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis.展开更多
The Lenghu tectonic belt is located at or near the northern margin in the Qaidam Basin,which is an intracontinental composite basin evolved during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic epochs.The Lower Jurassic is considered a go...The Lenghu tectonic belt is located at or near the northern margin in the Qaidam Basin,which is an intracontinental composite basin evolved during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic epochs.The Lower Jurassic is considered a good source rock with a wide distribution.Since the deposit of the Lower Jurassic hydrocarbon source rock,the basin has undergone many tectonic events of subsidence and uplift.The source rocks in the Lengke-1 well,have experienced a complicated tectonic-burial history during which different hydrocarbon generation(HG) evolutions have taken place.We have investigated the history of burying,heating and hydrocarbon generation of the Lower Jurassic source rocks,not just on the basis of tectonic disturbance and deep burial,but also from new studies in fluid inclusion measurements and the application of numerical simulation with EASY%Ro.Our study reveals the evolution process,tectonic episodes and the strength of the HG of the Jurassic source rock.We conclude that twice HG processes have taken place since the Lower Jurassic formation and infer from that the important conclusion that more HG of the Lower Jurassic source rock took place during the Eocene-Miocene epochs.Finally,we discuss the oil and gas tarp formation and destruction in the Lenghu tectonic belt and point out that more attention should be paid to the thrust faults,which formed during the late Himalayan epoch.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Science Foundation of China(31771692)Major Project on Breeding of New Varieties of Genetically Modified Organisms(2011ZX08004-002)
文摘Saline-alkaline stress can dramatically inhibit plant growth and limit crop production. Wild soybean （Glycine soja） is a crop that adapts well to such environmental stresses. In this study, RNA-sequencing technology was used to analyze the transcriptome profles of G. soja roots subjected to 50 mmol·L^-1 NaHCO3 and 150 mmol·L^-1 NaCl treatments. Totally, 2 125 differentially-expressed genes （DEGs） after NaCl treatment and 1 839 DEGs after NaHCO3 treatment were identifed. The top 14 DEGs revealed by RNA-seq were analyzed using qRT-PCR （quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction）. Gene ontology （GO） annotation showed that most of DEGs under salt and alkali stresses were enriched in ＂metabolic process＂, ＂catalytic activity＂ and ＂binding＂ terms. To search for transcription factors （TFs） among DEGs, the data were screened against TF database PlantTFDB, and it was found that fve TF families, Apetala2/ethylene-responsive element binding proteins （AP2-EREBP）, V-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog （MYB）, WRKYGQK and Zinc fnger motif （WRKY）, NAM, ATAF1/2, CUC1/2 （NAC） and Cys2/His2 （C2H2） were involved in salt stress response. Other fve TF families, NAC, WRKY, MYB, AP2-EREBP and bZIP were involved in response to alkali stress. These two stress treatments shared NAC, WRKY, AP2-EREBP and MYB, and the only two different TFs were bZIP and C2H2. Forty-eight MYB TFs were differentially expressed under salt and alkali stresses, and most of them were up-regulated. This study provided useful information for further investigation of DEGs and TFs in response to saline and alkaline stresses and helped in understanding the molecular basis of the response of G. soja to saline and alkaline stresses.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30570990, 30471059, 31171578)the "863" project (2008AA10Z153)+2 种基金the Key Research Plan of Heilongjiang Province (GA06B103-3)the Innovation Research Group of NEAU (CXT004)the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (20102325120002)
文摘MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are a group of regulatory RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally by the degradation or translational inhibition of their target messenger RNAs （mRNAs）. Regulation is accomplished when the 22-25 nucleotide miRNAs bind to complementary sequences in the 3＇-untranslated regions （UTR）. One barrier to miRNA research is to find target genes. Although computational target predictions have shed light on important aspects of microRNA target recognition, questions remain concerning the rates of false positives. In addition, we do not completely understand how microRNAs can recognize and regulate their targets. As such, experimental positive predictions and allow for an unbiased stu ap dy proaches are required, which can reflect in vivo processes, eliminating false of microRNA target recognition. In this review, we summarized experimental approaches that have been described for the identification and validation of mRNA targets associated with specific miRNAs.
基金Supported by "863" Project(2008AA10Z153)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31171578)+1 种基金Heilongjiang Provincial Higher School Science and Technology Innovation Team Building Program(2011TD005)the National Basic Scientific Talent Training Fund Projects(J1210069)
文摘The enzyme myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase（MIPS EC 5.5.1.4） catalyzes the first step of myo-inositol biosynthesis, a product that plays crucial roles in plants as an osmoprotectant, transduction molecule, cell wall constituent and production of stress related molecule. Previous reports highlighted an important role of MIPS family genes in abiotic stresses particularly under salt stress tolerance in several plant species; however, little is known about the cellular and physiological functions of MIPS2 genes under abiotic conditions. In this study, a novel salt stress responsive gene designated Gs MIPS2 from wild soybean Glycine soja 07256 was functionally characterized contained an open reading frame（ORF） of 1 533 bp coding a peptide sequence of 510 amino acids along with mass of 56 445 ku. Multiple sequence alignment analysis revealed its 92%-99% similarity with other MIPS family members in legume proteins. Quantitative real-time PCR results demonstrated that Gs MIPS2 was induced by salt stress and expressed in roots of soybean. The positive function of Gs MIPS2 under salt response at different growth stages of transgenic Arabidopsis was also elucidated. The results showed that Gs MIPS2 transgenic lines displayed increased tolerance as compared to WT and atmips2 mutant lines under salt stress. Furthermore, the expression levels of some salt stress responsive marker genes, including KIN1, RD29 A, RD29 B, P5 Cs and COR47 were significantly up-regulated in Gs MIPS2 overexpression lines than wild type and atmips2 mutant. Collectively, these results suggested that Gs MIPS2 gene was a positive regulator of plant tolerance to salt stress. This was the first report to demonstrate that overexpression of Gs MIPS2 gene from wild soybean improved salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis.
基金supported by the Natural Oil & Gas Stratagem Tap of China
文摘The Lenghu tectonic belt is located at or near the northern margin in the Qaidam Basin,which is an intracontinental composite basin evolved during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic epochs.The Lower Jurassic is considered a good source rock with a wide distribution.Since the deposit of the Lower Jurassic hydrocarbon source rock,the basin has undergone many tectonic events of subsidence and uplift.The source rocks in the Lengke-1 well,have experienced a complicated tectonic-burial history during which different hydrocarbon generation(HG) evolutions have taken place.We have investigated the history of burying,heating and hydrocarbon generation of the Lower Jurassic source rocks,not just on the basis of tectonic disturbance and deep burial,but also from new studies in fluid inclusion measurements and the application of numerical simulation with EASY%Ro.Our study reveals the evolution process,tectonic episodes and the strength of the HG of the Jurassic source rock.We conclude that twice HG processes have taken place since the Lower Jurassic formation and infer from that the important conclusion that more HG of the Lower Jurassic source rock took place during the Eocene-Miocene epochs.Finally,we discuss the oil and gas tarp formation and destruction in the Lenghu tectonic belt and point out that more attention should be paid to the thrust faults,which formed during the late Himalayan epoch.
