【目的】云南弥勒是中国西南地区传统的葡萄酒产区,以该产区云中舞葡萄为试验材料,对其果皮以及自然发酵过程中酵母菌的多样性进行研究。【方法】利用WL培养基的菌落培养形态,酵母细胞微观形态和分子生物学相结合的分类鉴定方法对弥勒...【目的】云南弥勒是中国西南地区传统的葡萄酒产区,以该产区云中舞葡萄为试验材料,对其果皮以及自然发酵过程中酵母菌的多样性进行研究。【方法】利用WL培养基的菌落培养形态,酵母细胞微观形态和分子生物学相结合的分类鉴定方法对弥勒云中舞葡萄果皮以及自然发酵过程中酵母菌进行分离鉴定和多样性分析。【结果】从云中舞葡萄分离得到的80株酵母菌共分为5个培养类型,采用26S r DNA D1/D2区序列分析对选出的具有典型特征的15株酵母菌进行了分子生物学鉴定,序列比对分析和WL培养基聚类表明80株被测菌株鉴定为5属5种,分别为葡萄汁有孢汉逊酵母(Hanseniaspora uvarum)、陆生伊萨酵母(Issatchenkia terricola)、库德毕赤酵母(Pichia kudriavzevii)、粘红酵母(Rhodotorula glutinis)和桔假丝酵母(Candida quercitrusa),显示了酵母菌种类多样性;其中葡萄汁有孢汉逊酵母占了所分离酵母总数的43.18%,为弥勒云中舞葡萄相关酵母菌的优势种。通过构建15株被测菌株与相关模式菌株的系统发育树,分析酵母菌的遗传多样性和菌株间的亲缘关系,结果表明:各供试菌株均与各自相关模式菌株聚为一枝,和序列比对鉴定结果相一致。另外,鉴定为同种酵母的不同菌株间以及和模式菌株间的亲缘关系具有一定的差异,显示了一定的遗传多样性。【结论】云南弥勒云中舞葡萄相关酵母菌具有多样性的特点,本研究为进一步选育优良的本土葡萄酒酵母提供了材料和参考。展开更多
The paper was to study the effects of different cultivation patterns( mix cultivation and monocultivation) of wheat on population structure of Puccinia striiformis West. f. sp. tritici in the fields. Five race-specifi...The paper was to study the effects of different cultivation patterns( mix cultivation and monocultivation) of wheat on population structure of Puccinia striiformis West. f. sp. tritici in the fields. Five race-specific-markers( CY32,CY31,CY29,CY23 and Shuiyuan pathotype) were used to survey 113 infected samples collected from two cultivation patterns. The results indicated that frequency of race-specific-markers under monocultivation was higher than that under mix cultivation; the dominant race-specific-markers were CY32 and CY29 under monocultivation,and the frequency of detection were 81. 5% and 78. 5%,respectively. The dominant race-specific-markers were CY29 and Shuiyuan pathotype under mix cultivation,and the frequency of detection are 41. 7% and 18. 8%,respectively.Several race-specific-markers were detected in single infected leaf,and 41. 7% of infected single leaf were detected with more than two race-specific-markers,58. 3% of infected single leaf were detected with one race-specific-marker under mix cultivation pattern,while there were 75. 0% infected leaves with more than two race-specific-markers and 25. 0% infected single leaf detected with one race-specific-marker under monocultivation pattern. The results indicated that mix cultivation pattern of wheat can reduce races on single leaf,affect the distribution of races in infected leaves,and suppress the occurrence frequency of dominant races of P. striiformis in the fields significantly,subsequently reduced severity and prevalence of the disease.展开更多
文摘【目的】云南弥勒是中国西南地区传统的葡萄酒产区,以该产区云中舞葡萄为试验材料,对其果皮以及自然发酵过程中酵母菌的多样性进行研究。【方法】利用WL培养基的菌落培养形态,酵母细胞微观形态和分子生物学相结合的分类鉴定方法对弥勒云中舞葡萄果皮以及自然发酵过程中酵母菌进行分离鉴定和多样性分析。【结果】从云中舞葡萄分离得到的80株酵母菌共分为5个培养类型,采用26S r DNA D1/D2区序列分析对选出的具有典型特征的15株酵母菌进行了分子生物学鉴定,序列比对分析和WL培养基聚类表明80株被测菌株鉴定为5属5种,分别为葡萄汁有孢汉逊酵母(Hanseniaspora uvarum)、陆生伊萨酵母(Issatchenkia terricola)、库德毕赤酵母(Pichia kudriavzevii)、粘红酵母(Rhodotorula glutinis)和桔假丝酵母(Candida quercitrusa),显示了酵母菌种类多样性;其中葡萄汁有孢汉逊酵母占了所分离酵母总数的43.18%,为弥勒云中舞葡萄相关酵母菌的优势种。通过构建15株被测菌株与相关模式菌株的系统发育树,分析酵母菌的遗传多样性和菌株间的亲缘关系,结果表明:各供试菌株均与各自相关模式菌株聚为一枝,和序列比对鉴定结果相一致。另外,鉴定为同种酵母的不同菌株间以及和模式菌株间的亲缘关系具有一定的差异,显示了一定的遗传多样性。【结论】云南弥勒云中舞葡萄相关酵母菌具有多样性的特点,本研究为进一步选育优良的本土葡萄酒酵母提供了材料和参考。
基金Supported by National 973 Project(2013CB127705)Special Fund of Ministry of Agriculture for Wheat Stripe Rust Industry(200903035-7)Key Fund of Yunnan Province of China(2009CC004)
文摘The paper was to study the effects of different cultivation patterns( mix cultivation and monocultivation) of wheat on population structure of Puccinia striiformis West. f. sp. tritici in the fields. Five race-specific-markers( CY32,CY31,CY29,CY23 and Shuiyuan pathotype) were used to survey 113 infected samples collected from two cultivation patterns. The results indicated that frequency of race-specific-markers under monocultivation was higher than that under mix cultivation; the dominant race-specific-markers were CY32 and CY29 under monocultivation,and the frequency of detection were 81. 5% and 78. 5%,respectively. The dominant race-specific-markers were CY29 and Shuiyuan pathotype under mix cultivation,and the frequency of detection are 41. 7% and 18. 8%,respectively.Several race-specific-markers were detected in single infected leaf,and 41. 7% of infected single leaf were detected with more than two race-specific-markers,58. 3% of infected single leaf were detected with one race-specific-marker under mix cultivation pattern,while there were 75. 0% infected leaves with more than two race-specific-markers and 25. 0% infected single leaf detected with one race-specific-marker under monocultivation pattern. The results indicated that mix cultivation pattern of wheat can reduce races on single leaf,affect the distribution of races in infected leaves,and suppress the occurrence frequency of dominant races of P. striiformis in the fields significantly,subsequently reduced severity and prevalence of the disease.
