The Edible and Medicinal Value of <i>Coix lacryma-jobi</i>and Key Cultivation Techniques for High and Stable Yield

In this paper, it was introduced that Coix lacryma-jobi is a traditional dual-use edible and medicine crops in China, and the nutritional components and medicinal value of Coix lacryma-jobi were described. Based on the published literature at home and abroad, a variety of chemical components found in Coix lacryma jobi and their medicinal effects were reviewed. At the same time, the problems existing in the production of Coix lacryma jobi were put forward. With the improvement of people’s living standards, the nutritional and health care value of Coix lacryma-jobi has been paid more and more attention. The problems of Coix lacryma-jobi in production were analyzed. Some biological characteristics of Coix lacryma-jobi, especially its hygrophyte characteristics, were re-recognized, which is very important to increase the yield of Coix lacryma jobi. In the paper, the key cultivation techniques for high and stable yield of Coix lacryma-jobi were also summarized. In order to obtain high quality, high and stable yield, we should adopt the new technical methods of “two wet, two dry and two water” in water management. At the same time, if artificial pollination is applied in the peak of flowering period, the seed setting rate and the yield will be increased.

Different earthquake patterns for two neighboring fault segments within the Haiyuan Fault zone

Characteristic slip and characteristic earthquake models have been proposed for several decades. Such models have been supported recently by high-resolution offset measurements. These models suggest that slip along a fault recurs via similarly sized, large earthquakes. The inter-event strain accumulation rate(ratio of earthquake slip and preceding interseismic time period) is used here to test the characteristic earthquake model by linking the slip and timing of past earthquakes on the Haiyuan Fault. We address how the inter-event strain accumulation rate varies over multiple seismic cycles by combining paleoearthquake studies with high-resolution airborne light detection and ranging(Li DAR) data to document the timing and size of paleoearthquake displacements along the western and middle segments of the Haiyuan Fault. Our observations encompass 5 earthquake cycles. We find significant variations over time and space along the Haiyuan Fault. We observe that on the middle segment of the Haiyuan Fault the rates slow down or increase as an anticorrelated function of the rates of preceding earthquakes. Here, we propose that the inter-event strain accumulation rates on the middle segment of the Haiyuan Fault are oscillating both spatially and temporally. However, along the western segment, the inter-event strain accumulation rate is both spatially and temporally steady, which is in agreement with quasi-periodic and slip-predictable models. Finally,we propose that different fault segments within a single fault zone may behave according to different earthquake models.

Experimental Study on Key Techniques for Indoor Cultivation of Sprout Vegetables in Families

This paper introduced the advantages of planting sprout vegetables in family rooms,expounded assembly principle of indoor cultivating device and the key techniques for indoor cultivating sprout vegetables in families.In the experiment,we assembled a set of indoor cultivating device for sprout vegetables,and summarized the indoor cultivating techniques of sprout vegetables in families.The indoor planting device was suitable for family members to cultivate sprout vegetables in the living rooms,kitchen,balcony and other corner space by using their spare time.It could not only provide high-quality vegetables for families,but also beautify the indoor environments of family rooms,and increase the oxygen content in rooms.This set of indoor cultivating device and techniques was suitable for planting various sprout vegetables(e.g.radish seedling,water spinach seedling,pea seedling,pine willow seedling,sunflower seedling and various bean seedlings,etc.).This is a set of high-efficient spatial planting technique in families,and also an effective way to increase organic vegetable supply for family.

鄂尔多斯活动地块边界带15000年以来强震活动与现今大地震空区

在青藏高原和太平洋构造域的共同作用下,鄂尔多斯活动地块及周缘边界带的断裂构造存在明显的运动性质差异,形成了明确的分区分段特征.本文基于探槽古地震记录和历史地震资料,通过多探槽中揭露的多类证据综合限定各断裂带上的强震事件,获得了鄂尔多斯活动地块周缘边界带主要断裂带上15000年以来180次强震事件,重建了地块边界带不同构造区强震活动的时间序列,将千年尺度的地震记录延长到万年尺度.在此基础上,建立了鄂尔多斯活动地块各不同构造区近15000年以来强震活动时空分布图像.鄂尔多斯活动地块各边界带长时间尺度的强震活动特征显示:地块边界带各分区内存在差异性的活动期和平静期,北、东北、东、西边界均存在不同程度的地震丛集和迁移规律;围绕鄂尔多斯活动地块周缘的边界带内15000年以来强震分布具有较为明显的丛集发生特征,平静期持续时间(约200~500年)不等;近5000年以来,各边界带上强震活动频次有明显增强的趋势,部分区段存在未来发生强震的风险;综合近3000年以来历史地震、最新强震破裂图像等判定鄂尔多斯活动地块边界带仍存在7个明显的大地震空区,即强震危险区.

强震孕育发生的大陆活动地块理论未来发展与强震预测探索

1地震预测预报研究的学术高地——强震孕育发生的大陆活动地块理论框架建立地震作为一种重大自然灾害,直接影响着人类生活和自然环境.20世纪中叶板块构造学说的建立,对发生在板块边缘约占全球80%地震的分布特征、形成机制、活动规律、动力过程等给出了合理解释,但是却很难解释发生在远离板块边缘,特别是大陆板块内部成灾性最大的大型、特大型地震[1,2].

柴达木盆地新生代地层年代框架与沉积-构造演化

柴达木盆地的新生代地层非常发育,保存了从新生代早期至第四纪之间连续、完整的沉积记录.更为重要的是,柴达木盆地中发育丰富的新生代动、植物化石,为利用磁性地层学与古生物地层学方法建立盆地尺度的新生代地层年代框架,揭示盆地沉积演化、构造变形,以及青藏高原隆升、扩展的过程和动力学机制提供了重要的年代学制约.然而,目前关于柴达木盆地新生代地层层序和地层时代的认识还存在诸多矛盾之处。本文在野外观测、测量的基础上,总结、分析了柴达木盆地近年发表的相对连续、完整(厚度≥4500m)的磁性地层剖面,厘定了柴达木盆地新生代各岩石地层单元的地质年代.在此基础上,我们发现柴达木盆地西缘可能自始新世开始沉积,中部自渐新世(约31Ma)开始沉积,晚渐新世-早中新世沉积范围扩大至盆地东部柴达木盆地大部分地区自渐新世(31~26Ma)开始沉降,接受沉积的现象表明,青藏高原东北缘受印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞的影响开始发生构造变形.中中新世(约15Ma)以来,柴达木盆地沉积速率显著增加,盆地周缘山脉强烈隆升,揭示印度板块与欧亚板块持续汇聚作用导致的地壳缩短开始主宰高原东北部的构造变形,使柴达木盆地及其周缘造山带成为青藏高原向东北方向扩展过程中最新的组成部分.

Morphogenic Uncertainties of the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake: Generating or Reducing?

Landscape evolution in active orogen region is inevitably affected by landslides associated with strong earthquakes, rain or storm. However, quantitative studies of the orogenic or eroded volumes are rarely demonstrated. The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake triggered serious landsliding, consequently, a large amount of landslide material. However, the landslide volume is estimated mainly on the landslides areas interpreted in their semi-automated landslide mapping algorithm. However, the total volume of landslides triggered by the Wenchuan Earthquake amounts to 5-10 times bigger than the expected upper bound according to the empirical correlation between ＂total landslide volume＂ and ＂moment magnitude＂. Here we show that the total landslide volume estimation has large uncertainties to be used to determine whether the Wenchuan Earthquake generates or reduces relief. Thus, the widely held view that large dip-slip and oblique-slip earthquakes build mountainous topography may still be applicable to the Wenchuan Earthquake in Longmen Shan area. To challenge this view, simple landslide volume and co-seismic uplift comparison is not enough, i.e., more data are needed.