Chromosome-scale assembly of the Kandelia obovata genome

The mangrove Kandelia obovata(Rhizophoraceae)is an important coastal shelterbelt and landscape tree distributed in tropical and subtropical areas across East Asia and Southeast Asia.Herein,a chromosome-level reference genome of K.obovata based on PacBio,Illumina,and Hi-C data is reported.The high-quality assembled genome size is 177.99 Mb,with a contig N50 value of 5.74 Mb.A large number of contracted gene families and a small number of expanded gene families,as well as a small number of repeated sequences,may account for the small K.obovata genome.We found that K.obovata experienced two whole-genome polyploidization events:one whole-genome duplication shared with other Rhizophoreae and one shared with most eudicots(γevent).We confidently annotated 19,138 protein-coding genes in K.obovata and identified the MADS-box gene class and the RPW8 gene class,which might be related to flowering and resistance to powdery mildew in K.obovata and Rhizophora apiculata,respectively.The reference K.obovata genome described here will be very useful for further molecular elucidation of various traits,the breeding of this coastal shelterbelt species,and evolutionary studies with related taxa.

Ankylosing spondylitis complicated with andersson lesion in the lower cervical spine: A case report

BACKGROUND Andersson lesion(AL)is an uncommon complication in ankylosing spondylitis(AS),which is characterized by nonneoplastic bone destruction and often appears as bone destruction and sclerosis in the vertebral body and/or the area involving the intervertebral disc.According to the literature,Andersson lesion commonly occur in the thoracic and lumbar spine and rarely in the cervical spine.CASE SUMMARY This case involved a 78-year-old man with a long history of AS who developed AL in the cervical spine(C5/6 and C6/7).One-stage anterior-posterior approach surgery was successfully performed.At the 6-month follow-up,the pain was significantly reduced,and the limb function was gradually improved.CONCLUSION AL uncharacteristically appears in the cervical spine and tends to be misdiagnosed as vertebral metastases or spinal tuberculosis.Posterior combined with anterior surgery achieves solid biological stabilization in the treatment of AL bone destruction.

Correction: The Cymbidium genome reveals the evolution of unique morphological traits

After online publication of the article 1 the author noticed minor typo in Fig.4c.CeSEP1/2/3/4 should be read as CeSEP1/3/4.Revised figure supplied during the proof correction was inadvertently not reproduced in the final version.In addition,the affiliation numbers of the authors revised in the original article during proof correction,but not reflected in the title page in Supplementary Information.

The Cymbidium genome reveals the evolution of unique morphological traits

The marvelously diverse Orchidaceae constitutes the largest family of angiosperms.The genus Cymbidium in Orchidaceae is well known for its unique vegetation,floral morphology,and flower scent traits.Here,a chromosomescale assembly of the genome of Cymbidium ensifolium(Jianlan)is presented.Comparative genomic analysis showed that C.ensifolium has experienced two whole-genome duplication(WGD)events,the most recent of which was shared by all orchids,while the older event was the t event shared by most monocots.The results of MADS-box genes analysis provided support for establishing a unique gene model of orchid flower development regulation,and flower shape mutations in C.ensifolium were shown to be associated with the abnormal expression of MADS-box genes.The most abundant floral scent components identi fied included methyl jasmonate,acacia alcohol and linalool,and the genes involved in the floral scent component network of C.ensifolium were determined.Furthermore,the decreased expression of photosynthesis-antennae and photosynthesis metabolic pathway genes in leaves was shown to result in colorful striped leaves,while the increased expression of MADS-box genes in leaves led to perianth-like leaves.Our results provide fundamental insights into orchid evolution and diversi fication.

皮肤影像学的发展态势及未来展望

皮肤影像技术的进步极大地促进了皮肤病的早期识别、诊断和治疗,这些技术包括皮肤摄影、皮肤镜、皮肤超声等。它们分为检测皮表结构和皮肤深层结构两类,并具有无创、实时、可动态观察的优点。随着技术的发展,诸如全身3D摄影仪、多光子显微镜等新型设备也被开发和应用。在临床应用中,皮肤影像技术提高了诊断正确率,并相较于病理活检更快捷、无创且能动态观察病情。例如,皮肤镜在皮肤色素性疾病诊断中具有优势,而共聚焦显微镜能无创三维成像深层皮肤结构。此外,皮肤影像学在皮肤美容、黄褐斑、银屑病和红斑狼疮等疾病的诊断和治疗中也显示出其价值。展望未来,中国有望建立世界最大的皮肤疾病临床数据库,并通过结合人工智能技术推动皮肤影像学的突破性发展,实现个性化诊疗,从而提升皮肤病诊疗水平。