背景与目的肺癌是世界上最常见的恶性肿瘤,其中小细胞肺癌是恶性程度最高的亚型,具有生长迅速、早期转移和高度血管化等特点。阿帕替尼(Apatinib)是我国自主研发的血管内皮生长因子受体2抑制剂,在多种实体瘤中疗效显著。本研究旨在探讨A...背景与目的肺癌是世界上最常见的恶性肿瘤,其中小细胞肺癌是恶性程度最高的亚型,具有生长迅速、早期转移和高度血管化等特点。阿帕替尼(Apatinib)是我国自主研发的血管内皮生长因子受体2抑制剂,在多种实体瘤中疗效显著。本研究旨在探讨Apatinib对小细胞肺癌细胞株NCI-H446的体外作用以及联合哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mammalian target of rapamycin,mTOR)抑制剂CCI-779对小细胞肺癌的体外作用。方法体外培养小细胞肺癌细胞株NCI-H446,CCK8法、细胞凋亡实验、细胞周期实验及Transwell实验检测Apatinib及联合mTOR抑制剂CCI-779对NCI-H446细胞增殖、凋亡、周期及迁移的影响;Western blot实验检测血管内皮生长因子受体和细胞周期相关蛋白的表达。结果CCK8实验结果显示高浓度Apatinib能抑制NCI-H446细胞增殖;细胞凋亡实验结果显示高浓度Apatinib诱导NCI-H446细胞凋亡;Transwell实验结果显示高浓度Apatinib抑制NCI-H446细胞迁移;联合mTOR抑制剂CCI-779后,低浓度Apatinib便能抑制NCI-H446细胞增殖和迁移,诱导细胞凋亡。结论Apatinib对小细胞肺癌细胞株NCI-H446的作用具有浓度依赖性特征,高浓度Apatinib能够抑制NCI-H446细胞增殖和迁移,诱导细胞凋亡,与mTOR抑制剂CCI-779联用能增加NCI-H446细胞对Apatinib的敏感性。展开更多
Rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors are widely investigated as the most important electrochemical energy storage devices nowadays due to the booming energy demand for electric vehicles and hand-held electronics...Rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors are widely investigated as the most important electrochemical energy storage devices nowadays due to the booming energy demand for electric vehicles and hand-held electronics. The large surface-area-to-volume ratio and internal surface areas endow two-dimensional(2D) materials with high mobility and high energy density; therefore, 2D materials are very promising candidates for Li ion batteries and supercapacitors with comprehensive investigations. In 2011, a new kind of 2D transition metal carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides, MXene, were successfully obtained from MAX phases. Since then about 20 different kinds of MXene have been prepared. Other precursors besides MAX phases and even other methods such as chemical vapor deposition(CVD) were also applied to prepare MXene, opening new doors for the preparation of new MXene. Their 2D nature and good electronic properties ensure the inherent advantages as electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in the development of MXene with emphasis on the applications to electrochemical energy storage. Also, future perspective and challenges of MXene-based materials are briefly discussed regrading electrochemical energy storage.展开更多
Due to the high cost and insufficient resource of lithium,sodium-ion batteries are widely investigated for large-scale applications.Typically,insertion-type materials possess better cyclic stability than alloy-type an...Due to the high cost and insufficient resource of lithium,sodium-ion batteries are widely investigated for large-scale applications.Typically,insertion-type materials possess better cyclic stability than alloy-type and conversion-type ones.Therefore,in this work,we proposed a facile and effective method to screen sodium-based layered materials based on Materials Project database as potential candidate insertion-type materials for sodium ion batteries.The obtained Na-based layered materials contains 38 kinds of space group,which reveals that the credibility of our screening approach would not be affected by the space group.Then,some important indexes of the representative materials,including the average voltage,volume change and sodium ion mobility,were further studied by means of density functional theory computations.Some materials with extremely low volume changes and Na diffusion barriers are promising candidates for sodium ion batteries.We believe that our classification algorithm could also be used to search for other alkali and multivalent ion-based layered materials,to accelerate the development of battery materials.展开更多
Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are considered to be indispensable in modern society.Major advances in LIBs depend on the development of new high-performance electrode materials,which requires a fundamental understanding o...Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are considered to be indispensable in modern society.Major advances in LIBs depend on the development of new high-performance electrode materials,which requires a fundamental understanding of their properties.First-principles calculations have become a powerful technique in developing new electrode materials for high-energy–den-sity LIBs in terms of predicting and interpreting the characteristics and behaviors of electrode materials,understanding the charge/discharge mechanisms at the atomic scale,delivering rational design strategies for electrode materials,etc.In this review,we present an overview of first-principles calculation methods and highlight their valuable role in contemporary research on LIB cathode materials.This overview focuses on three LIB cathode scenarios,which are divided by their cati-onic/anionic redox mechanisms.Then,representative examples of rational cathode design based on theoretical predictions are presented.Finally,we present a personal perspective on the current challenges and future directions of first-principles calculations in LIBs.展开更多
The polymer electrolyte based lithium-oxygen battery has showed higher safety than that of organic liquid electrolyte.However,the energy efficiency and cycling stability are still the challenges for the practical appl...The polymer electrolyte based lithium-oxygen battery has showed higher safety than that of organic liquid electrolyte.However,the energy efficiency and cycling stability are still the challenges for the practical application of lithium-oxygen battery.Herein,the 1,4 para benzoquinone has been demonstrated as dual-function redox mediator for promoting both oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions of lithium-oxygen battery with polymer electrolyte,which have been confirmed by the Cyclic Voltammetry and discharge/charge test of battery under O_(2) gas,as well as the theoretical calculations.Furthermore,the composite cathode that in-situ constructed by polymerizing electrolyte precursors with redox me-diator can be beneficial for the electrochemical reactions.Combing composite cathode and lithium ions source,the polymer electrolyte based lithium-oxygen batteries can operate for long lifetime with low charge potentials and good rate performances.Thus,this work has highlighted the promising implementation of lithium-oxygen battery based on polymer electrolyte,in which the dual-function redox mediator are employed for both discharge and recharge processes.展开更多
文摘背景与目的肺癌是世界上最常见的恶性肿瘤,其中小细胞肺癌是恶性程度最高的亚型,具有生长迅速、早期转移和高度血管化等特点。阿帕替尼(Apatinib)是我国自主研发的血管内皮生长因子受体2抑制剂,在多种实体瘤中疗效显著。本研究旨在探讨Apatinib对小细胞肺癌细胞株NCI-H446的体外作用以及联合哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mammalian target of rapamycin,mTOR)抑制剂CCI-779对小细胞肺癌的体外作用。方法体外培养小细胞肺癌细胞株NCI-H446,CCK8法、细胞凋亡实验、细胞周期实验及Transwell实验检测Apatinib及联合mTOR抑制剂CCI-779对NCI-H446细胞增殖、凋亡、周期及迁移的影响;Western blot实验检测血管内皮生长因子受体和细胞周期相关蛋白的表达。结果CCK8实验结果显示高浓度Apatinib能抑制NCI-H446细胞增殖;细胞凋亡实验结果显示高浓度Apatinib诱导NCI-H446细胞凋亡;Transwell实验结果显示高浓度Apatinib抑制NCI-H446细胞迁移;联合mTOR抑制剂CCI-779后,低浓度Apatinib便能抑制NCI-H446细胞增殖和迁移,诱导细胞凋亡。结论Apatinib对小细胞肺癌细胞株NCI-H446的作用具有浓度依赖性特征,高浓度Apatinib能够抑制NCI-H446细胞增殖和迁移,诱导细胞凋亡,与mTOR抑制剂CCI-779联用能增加NCI-H446细胞对Apatinib的敏感性。
基金supported by Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Commission(16PTSYJC00010)in China
文摘Rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors are widely investigated as the most important electrochemical energy storage devices nowadays due to the booming energy demand for electric vehicles and hand-held electronics. The large surface-area-to-volume ratio and internal surface areas endow two-dimensional(2D) materials with high mobility and high energy density; therefore, 2D materials are very promising candidates for Li ion batteries and supercapacitors with comprehensive investigations. In 2011, a new kind of 2D transition metal carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides, MXene, were successfully obtained from MAX phases. Since then about 20 different kinds of MXene have been prepared. Other precursors besides MAX phases and even other methods such as chemical vapor deposition(CVD) were also applied to prepare MXene, opening new doors for the preparation of new MXene. Their 2D nature and good electronic properties ensure the inherent advantages as electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in the development of MXene with emphasis on the applications to electrochemical energy storage. Also, future perspective and challenges of MXene-based materials are briefly discussed regrading electrochemical energy storage.
基金This work was supported by NSFC(21773126)in China.
文摘Due to the high cost and insufficient resource of lithium,sodium-ion batteries are widely investigated for large-scale applications.Typically,insertion-type materials possess better cyclic stability than alloy-type and conversion-type ones.Therefore,in this work,we proposed a facile and effective method to screen sodium-based layered materials based on Materials Project database as potential candidate insertion-type materials for sodium ion batteries.The obtained Na-based layered materials contains 38 kinds of space group,which reveals that the credibility of our screening approach would not be affected by the space group.Then,some important indexes of the representative materials,including the average voltage,volume change and sodium ion mobility,were further studied by means of density functional theory computations.Some materials with extremely low volume changes and Na diffusion barriers are promising candidates for sodium ion batteries.We believe that our classification algorithm could also be used to search for other alkali and multivalent ion-based layered materials,to accelerate the development of battery materials.
基金supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(JQ19003,KZ202010005007 KZ201910005002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U19A2018,21875007,51802009 and 22075007).
文摘Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)are considered to be indispensable in modern society.Major advances in LIBs depend on the development of new high-performance electrode materials,which requires a fundamental understanding of their properties.First-principles calculations have become a powerful technique in developing new electrode materials for high-energy–den-sity LIBs in terms of predicting and interpreting the characteristics and behaviors of electrode materials,understanding the charge/discharge mechanisms at the atomic scale,delivering rational design strategies for electrode materials,etc.In this review,we present an overview of first-principles calculation methods and highlight their valuable role in contemporary research on LIB cathode materials.This overview focuses on three LIB cathode scenarios,which are divided by their cati-onic/anionic redox mechanisms.Then,representative examples of rational cathode design based on theoretical predictions are presented.Finally,we present a personal perspective on the current challenges and future directions of first-principles calculations in LIBs.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21875007 and 22075007)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No. JQ19003, KZ201910005002 and L182009)+1 种基金the Project of Youth Talent Plan of Beijing Municipal Education Commission (No. CIT&TCD201804013)the Highgrade discipline construction of Beijing (No. PXM2019–014204–500031)
文摘The polymer electrolyte based lithium-oxygen battery has showed higher safety than that of organic liquid electrolyte.However,the energy efficiency and cycling stability are still the challenges for the practical application of lithium-oxygen battery.Herein,the 1,4 para benzoquinone has been demonstrated as dual-function redox mediator for promoting both oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reactions of lithium-oxygen battery with polymer electrolyte,which have been confirmed by the Cyclic Voltammetry and discharge/charge test of battery under O_(2) gas,as well as the theoretical calculations.Furthermore,the composite cathode that in-situ constructed by polymerizing electrolyte precursors with redox me-diator can be beneficial for the electrochemical reactions.Combing composite cathode and lithium ions source,the polymer electrolyte based lithium-oxygen batteries can operate for long lifetime with low charge potentials and good rate performances.Thus,this work has highlighted the promising implementation of lithium-oxygen battery based on polymer electrolyte,in which the dual-function redox mediator are employed for both discharge and recharge processes.