A Broadband Achromatic Dielectric Planar Metalens in Mid-IR Range

Metalens are planar lenses composed of the subwavelengthh arrays,which have unconventional and versatile functionalities to manipulate the light fields compared with the traditional lens.It is noted that the most metalens are designed in a monochromatic mode in the visible or mid-infrared range(mid-IR),however,the broadband range is needed in many practical applications,such as spectroscopy,sensing,and imaging.Here,we design and demonstrate a broadband achromatic dielectric metalens in the mid-IR range of 4μm-5μm for near diffraction-limited(1.0a)focusing.The broadband achromatic propagation and focusing of the metalens are designed and simulated by constructing and optimizing the phase profile.The Pancharatnam-Berry(P-B)phases of all the elements contribute to the main phase increment of the whole phase profile of the metalens.The additional phase is constructed and optimized by using the random search algorithm to obtain the optimized size of all the elements.The focusing efficiency of the achromatic metalens is also optimized and averaged as the result of phase optimization within a wide band for the building elements,while it is lowered comparing with the regular metalens without broadband achromatic designing.Using this combined designing approach,various flat achromatic devices with the broadband metalens can find a new way for full-color detection and imaging.

Long non-coding RNA colon cancer-associated transcript 1-Vimentin axis promoting the migration and invasion of HeLa cells

Background:Long non-coding RNA colon cancer-associated transcript 1(CCAT1)is involved in transforming multiple cancers into malignant cancer types.Previous studies underlining the mechanisms of the functions of CCAT1 primarily focused on its decoy for miRNAs(micro RNAs).However,the regulatory mechanism of CCAT1-protein interaction associated with tumor metastasis is still largely unknown.The present study aimed to identify proteome-wide CCAT1 partners and explored the CCAT1-protein interaction mediated tumor metastasis.Methods:CCAT1-proteins complexes were purified and identified using RNA antisense purification coupled with the mass spectrometry(RAP-MS)method.The database for annotation,visualization,and integrated discovery and database for eukaryotic RNA binding proteins(EuRBPDB)websites were used to bioinformatic analyzing CCAT1 binding proteins.RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation were used to validate CCAT1-Vimentin interaction.Transwell assay was used to evaluate the migration and invasion abilities of HeLa cells.Results:RAP-MS method worked well by culturing cells with nucleoside analog 4-thiouridine,and cross-linking was performed using 365 nm wavelength ultraviolet.There were 631 proteins identified,out of which about 60%were RNA binding proteins recorded by the EuRBPDB database.Vimentin was one of the CCAT1 binding proteins and participated in the tumor metastasis pathway.Knocked down vimetin(VIM)and rescued the downregulation by overexpressing CCAT1 demonstrated that CCAT1 could enhance tumor migration and invasion abilities by stabilizing Vimentin protein.Conclusion:CCAT1 may bind with and stabilize Vimentin protein,thus enhancing cancer cell migration and invasion abilities.

Cortico–subcortical spatiotemporal dynamics in Parkinson’s disease can be modulated by transcranial alternating current stimulation

Objective:We investigated changes in cortico–subcortical spatiotemporal dynamics to explore the treatment mechanisms oftranscranial alternating current stimulation(tACS)in patientswith Parkinson’s disease(PD).Methods:Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(rs-fMRI)data were collected from 20 patients with PD and 20 normal controls(NC).Each patient with PD received successivemultidisciplinary intensive rehabilitation treatment and tACStreatment over a one-year interval.Individual functional brain network mapping and co-activation pattern(CAP)analysis were performed to characterize cortico–subcortical dynamics.Results:The same tACS electrode placement stimulated different proportions of functional brain networks across the participants.CAP analysis revealed that the visual network,attentional network,and default mode network co-activated with the thalamus,accumbens,and amygdala,respectively.The pattern characterized by thede-activation of the visual network and the activation of the thalamus showed a significantly low amplitude in the patients with PD than inNCs,and this amplitude increased after tACS treatment.Furthermore,the co-occurrence of cortico–subcortical CAPs was significantly higherin patients with PD than in NCs and decreased after tACS treatment.Conclusions:This study investigated cortico–subcortical spatiotemporaldynamics in patients with PD and further revealed the tACS treatmentmechanism.These findings contribute to understanding cortico–subcortical dynamics and exploring noninvasive neuromodulationtargets of cortico–subcortical circuits in brain diseases,such as PD,Alzheimer’s disease,and depression.