Purpose–This study aims to analyze the development direction of train speed,density and weight in China.Design/methodology/approach–The development of China’s railway in the past 40 years can be divided into 3 stag...Purpose–This study aims to analyze the development direction of train speed,density and weight in China.Design/methodology/approach–The development of China’s railway in the past 40 years can be divided into 3 stages.At the stage of potential tapping and capacity expansion,it is important to improve the train weight and density by upgrading the existing lines,and improving transportation capacity rapidly.At the stage of railway speed increase,the first priority is to increase train speed,reduce the travel time of passenger train,and synchronously take into account the increase of train density and weight.At the stage of developing high-speed railway,train speed,density and weight are co-developing on demand.Findings–The train speed of high-speed railway will be 400 km h1,the interval time of train tracking will be 3 min,and the traffic density will be more than 190 pairs per day.The running speed of high-speed freight EMU will reach 200 km h1 and above.The maximum speed of passenger train on mixed passenger and freight railway can reach 200 km h1.The minimum interval time of train tracking can be compressed to 5 min.The freight train weight of 850 m series arrival-departure track railway can be increased to 4,500–5,000 t and that of 1,050 m series to 5,500–6,400 t.EMU trains should gradually replace ordinary passenger trains to improve the quality of railway passenger service.Small formation trains will operate more in intercity railway,suburban railway and short-distance passenger transportation.Originality/value–The research can provide new connotations and requirements of railway train speed,density and weight in the new railway stage.展开更多
Teaching materials are the concrete embodiment of the course targets and contents.It is also the main medium for teachers and students to carry out teaching activities.Good language teaching materials should be used b...Teaching materials are the concrete embodiment of the course targets and contents.It is also the main medium for teachers and students to carry out teaching activities.Good language teaching materials should be used by learners at different levels in different ways.They also provide an opportunity for teachers to form or create their unique teaching styles.Therefore,the analysis of English teaching materials is particularly important.First,this article introduces the writing purposes which match the requirements of the General English Curriculum Standards and then analyzes the contents of Advance with English in listening,speaking,reading,and writing.The third part discusses the limitations of Advance with English in respect to its practical use.展开更多
基金The study was funded by the National Key R&D Program of China[2018YFB1201403]Science and Technology R&D Program of China State Railway Group Co.,Ltd[J2021X007].
文摘Purpose–This study aims to analyze the development direction of train speed,density and weight in China.Design/methodology/approach–The development of China’s railway in the past 40 years can be divided into 3 stages.At the stage of potential tapping and capacity expansion,it is important to improve the train weight and density by upgrading the existing lines,and improving transportation capacity rapidly.At the stage of railway speed increase,the first priority is to increase train speed,reduce the travel time of passenger train,and synchronously take into account the increase of train density and weight.At the stage of developing high-speed railway,train speed,density and weight are co-developing on demand.Findings–The train speed of high-speed railway will be 400 km h1,the interval time of train tracking will be 3 min,and the traffic density will be more than 190 pairs per day.The running speed of high-speed freight EMU will reach 200 km h1 and above.The maximum speed of passenger train on mixed passenger and freight railway can reach 200 km h1.The minimum interval time of train tracking can be compressed to 5 min.The freight train weight of 850 m series arrival-departure track railway can be increased to 4,500–5,000 t and that of 1,050 m series to 5,500–6,400 t.EMU trains should gradually replace ordinary passenger trains to improve the quality of railway passenger service.Small formation trains will operate more in intercity railway,suburban railway and short-distance passenger transportation.Originality/value–The research can provide new connotations and requirements of railway train speed,density and weight in the new railway stage.
文摘Teaching materials are the concrete embodiment of the course targets and contents.It is also the main medium for teachers and students to carry out teaching activities.Good language teaching materials should be used by learners at different levels in different ways.They also provide an opportunity for teachers to form or create their unique teaching styles.Therefore,the analysis of English teaching materials is particularly important.First,this article introduces the writing purposes which match the requirements of the General English Curriculum Standards and then analyzes the contents of Advance with English in listening,speaking,reading,and writing.The third part discusses the limitations of Advance with English in respect to its practical use.
