Exploring dimensionality effects on cuprates is important for understanding the nature of high-temperature superconductivity.By atomically layer-by-layer growth with oxide molecular beam epitaxy,we demonstrate that La...Exploring dimensionality effects on cuprates is important for understanding the nature of high-temperature superconductivity.By atomically layer-by-layer growth with oxide molecular beam epitaxy,we demonstrate that La_(2−x)Sr_(x)CuO_(4)(x=0.15)thin films remain superconducting down to 2 unit cells of thickness but quickly reach the maximum superconducting transition temperature at and above 4 unit cells.By fitting the critical magnetic field(μ0H_(c2)),we show that the anisotropy of the film’s superconductivity increases with decreasing film thickness,indicating that the superconductivity of the film gradually evolves from weak three-to two-dimensional character.These results are helpful to gain more insight into the nature of high-temperature superconductivity with dimensionality.展开更多
Fungal corneal ulcer is one of the leading causes of corneal blindness in developing countries.Corneal scars such as leukoplakia are formed due to inflammation,oxidative stress and non-directed repair,which seriously ...Fungal corneal ulcer is one of the leading causes of corneal blindness in developing countries.Corneal scars such as leukoplakia are formed due to inflammation,oxidative stress and non-directed repair,which seriously affect the patients'subsequent visual and life quality.In this study,drawing inspiration from the oriented structure of collagen fibers within the corneal stroma,we first proposed the directional arrangement of CuTA-CMHT hydrogel system at micro and macro scales based on the 3D printing extrusion method combined with secondary patterning.It played an antifungal role and induced oriented repair in therapy of fungal corneal ulcer.The results showed that it effectively inhibited Candida albicans,Aspergillus Niger,Fusarium sapropelum,which mainly affects TNF,NF-kappa B,and HIF-1 signaling pathways,achieving effective antifungal functions.More importantly,the fibroblasts interacted with extracellular matrix(ECM)of corneal stroma through formation of focal adhesions,promoted the proliferation and directional migration of cells in vitro,induced the directional alignment of collagen fibers and corneal stromal orthogonally oriented repair in vivo.This process is mainly associated with MYLK,MYL9,and ITGA3 molecules.Furthermore,the downregulation the growth factors TGF-βand PDGF-βinhibits myofibroblast development and reduces scar-type ECM production,thereby reducing corneal leukoplakia.It also activates the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway,promoting corneal healing.In conclusion,the oriented CuTA-CMHT hydrogel system mimics the orthogonal arrangement of collagen fibers,inhibits inflammation,eliminates reactive oxygen species,and reduces corneal leukoplakia,which is of great significance in the treatment of fungal corneal ulcer and is expected to write a new chapter in corneal tissue engineering.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFA1403000)the Na-tional Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12250710675).
文摘Exploring dimensionality effects on cuprates is important for understanding the nature of high-temperature superconductivity.By atomically layer-by-layer growth with oxide molecular beam epitaxy,we demonstrate that La_(2−x)Sr_(x)CuO_(4)(x=0.15)thin films remain superconducting down to 2 unit cells of thickness but quickly reach the maximum superconducting transition temperature at and above 4 unit cells.By fitting the critical magnetic field(μ0H_(c2)),we show that the anisotropy of the film’s superconductivity increases with decreasing film thickness,indicating that the superconductivity of the film gradually evolves from weak three-to two-dimensional character.These results are helpful to gain more insight into the nature of high-temperature superconductivity with dimensionality.
基金Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and the Project of Basic Research of Shenzhen,China(JCYJ20170412101508433&JCYJ20180507183655307)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFE0203100)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82271051,82070926).
文摘Fungal corneal ulcer is one of the leading causes of corneal blindness in developing countries.Corneal scars such as leukoplakia are formed due to inflammation,oxidative stress and non-directed repair,which seriously affect the patients'subsequent visual and life quality.In this study,drawing inspiration from the oriented structure of collagen fibers within the corneal stroma,we first proposed the directional arrangement of CuTA-CMHT hydrogel system at micro and macro scales based on the 3D printing extrusion method combined with secondary patterning.It played an antifungal role and induced oriented repair in therapy of fungal corneal ulcer.The results showed that it effectively inhibited Candida albicans,Aspergillus Niger,Fusarium sapropelum,which mainly affects TNF,NF-kappa B,and HIF-1 signaling pathways,achieving effective antifungal functions.More importantly,the fibroblasts interacted with extracellular matrix(ECM)of corneal stroma through formation of focal adhesions,promoted the proliferation and directional migration of cells in vitro,induced the directional alignment of collagen fibers and corneal stromal orthogonally oriented repair in vivo.This process is mainly associated with MYLK,MYL9,and ITGA3 molecules.Furthermore,the downregulation the growth factors TGF-βand PDGF-βinhibits myofibroblast development and reduces scar-type ECM production,thereby reducing corneal leukoplakia.It also activates the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway,promoting corneal healing.In conclusion,the oriented CuTA-CMHT hydrogel system mimics the orthogonal arrangement of collagen fibers,inhibits inflammation,eliminates reactive oxygen species,and reduces corneal leukoplakia,which is of great significance in the treatment of fungal corneal ulcer and is expected to write a new chapter in corneal tissue engineering.
