Cloud storage represents the trend of intensive,scale and specialization of information technology,which has changed the technical architecture and implementation method of electronic records management.Moreover,it wi...Cloud storage represents the trend of intensive,scale and specialization of information technology,which has changed the technical architecture and implementation method of electronic records management.Moreover,it will provide a convenient way to generate more advanced and efficient management of the electronic data records.However,in cloud storage environment,it is difficult to guarantee the trustworthiness of electronic records,which results in a series of severe challenges to electronic records management.Starting from the definition and specification of electronic records,this paper firstly analyzes the requirements of the trustworthiness in cloud storage during their long-term preservation according to the information security theory and subdivides the trustworthiness into the authenticity,integrity,usability,and reliability of electronic records in cloud storage.Moreover,this paper proposes the technology framework of preservation for trusted electronic records.Also,the technology of blockchain,proofs of retrievability,the open archival information system model and erasure code are adopted to protect these four security attributes,to guarantee the credibility of the electronic record.展开更多
Aim:The study aimed to investigate the short-term outcomes of hospitalized patients with chronic liver disease(CLDs)and assess the prognostic impact of predisposition and precipitants,which currently remains unclear.M...Aim:The study aimed to investigate the short-term outcomes of hospitalized patients with chronic liver disease(CLDs)and assess the prognostic impact of predisposition and precipitants,which currently remains unclear.Methods:The study included 3970 hospitalized patients with CLDs from two prospective longitudinal multicenter studies(NCT02457637 and NCT03641872)conducted in highly endemic hepatitis B virus(HBV)areas.Competing risk analysis was used to evaluate the effect of predispositions,including the etiology and severity of CLDs and precipitants;on sequential 28,90,and 365-day liver transplantation(LT)-free mortality.Results:Among all enrolled patients,76.8%of adverse outcomes(including death and LT)within one year occurred within 90 days.Compared with alcoholic etiology,the association of HBV etiology with poorer outcomes was remarkably on the 28th day(hazard ratio[HR],1.81;95%confidence interval[CI],1.07-3.06;p=0.026);however,and dimin-ished or became insignificant at 90 days and 365 days.Cirrhosis increased the adjusted risk for 365-day(HR,1.50;CI,1.13-1.99;p=0.004)LT-free mortality when compared with noncirrhosis.In patients with cirrhosis,prior decompensation(PD)independently increased the adjusted risk of 365-day LT-free mortality by 1.25-fold(p=0.021);however,it did not increase the risk for 90-day mortality.Neither the category nor the number of precipitants influenced the adjusted risk of 28 or 90-day LT-free mortality.Conclusions:The 90-day outcome should be considered a significant endpoint for evaluating the short-term prognosis of hospitalized patients with CLD.Predisposing factors,other than etiology,mainly affected the delayed(365-day)outcome.Timely effective therapy for CLD etiology,especially antiviral treatments for HBV,and post-discharge long-term surveillance monitoring in cirrhotic patients undergoing PD are suggested to enhance disease management and reduce mortality.展开更多
基金This work is supported by the NSFC(No.61772280,61772454,6171101570,61702236)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province under grant No.BK20150460,the Changzhou Sci&Tech Program(No.CJ20179027)the PAPD fund from NUIST.Prof.Hye-Jin Kim is the corresponding author.
文摘Cloud storage represents the trend of intensive,scale and specialization of information technology,which has changed the technical architecture and implementation method of electronic records management.Moreover,it will provide a convenient way to generate more advanced and efficient management of the electronic data records.However,in cloud storage environment,it is difficult to guarantee the trustworthiness of electronic records,which results in a series of severe challenges to electronic records management.Starting from the definition and specification of electronic records,this paper firstly analyzes the requirements of the trustworthiness in cloud storage during their long-term preservation according to the information security theory and subdivides the trustworthiness into the authenticity,integrity,usability,and reliability of electronic records in cloud storage.Moreover,this paper proposes the technology framework of preservation for trusted electronic records.Also,the technology of blockchain,proofs of retrievability,the open archival information system model and erasure code are adopted to protect these four security attributes,to guarantee the credibility of the electronic record.
基金Clinical Research Plan of SHDC,Grant/Award Number:SHDC2020CR1037BShanghai Municipal Key Clinic Specialty,Grant/Award Number:shslczdzk00602+16 种基金National Key R&D Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2017YFC0908100National Science and Technology Major Project,Grant/Award Numbers:2018ZX10302206,2018ZX10723203,2017ZX10202202Shanghai Municipal Education Commission–Guofeng Clinical Medicine Grant Support,Grant/Award Number:20152213National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:82170629,81930061,81900579,81970550,82070613,82070650,81972265,81870425,81774234Shanghai Hospital Development Commission,Grant/Award Number:16CR1024BChongqing Natural Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:CSTC2019jcyjzdxmX0004Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission,Grant/Award Number:Z191100006619033Local Innovative and Research Teams Project of Guangdong Pearl River Talents Program,Grant/Award Number:2017BT01S131Clinical Research Program of Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University,Grant/Award Numbers:2018CR037,2020CR026Clinical Research Startup Program of Southern Medical University by High-level University Construction Funding of Guangdong Provincial Department of Education,Grant/Award Number:LC2019ZD006President Foundation of Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University,Grant/Award Number:2019Z003Foundation for Innovative Research Groups of Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:2018CFA031Hubei Province's Outstanding Medical Academic Leader Program and Project of Hubei University of Medicine,Grant/Award Numbers:FDFR201902,2020XGFYZR05Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Grant/Award Number:2021FZZX001-41Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,Grant/Award Number:2020A1515010052Natural Fund of Guangdong Province,Grant/Award Number:2016A030313237Guangzhou City Science and Technology Project,Grant/Award Number:201607010064。
文摘Aim:The study aimed to investigate the short-term outcomes of hospitalized patients with chronic liver disease(CLDs)and assess the prognostic impact of predisposition and precipitants,which currently remains unclear.Methods:The study included 3970 hospitalized patients with CLDs from two prospective longitudinal multicenter studies(NCT02457637 and NCT03641872)conducted in highly endemic hepatitis B virus(HBV)areas.Competing risk analysis was used to evaluate the effect of predispositions,including the etiology and severity of CLDs and precipitants;on sequential 28,90,and 365-day liver transplantation(LT)-free mortality.Results:Among all enrolled patients,76.8%of adverse outcomes(including death and LT)within one year occurred within 90 days.Compared with alcoholic etiology,the association of HBV etiology with poorer outcomes was remarkably on the 28th day(hazard ratio[HR],1.81;95%confidence interval[CI],1.07-3.06;p=0.026);however,and dimin-ished or became insignificant at 90 days and 365 days.Cirrhosis increased the adjusted risk for 365-day(HR,1.50;CI,1.13-1.99;p=0.004)LT-free mortality when compared with noncirrhosis.In patients with cirrhosis,prior decompensation(PD)independently increased the adjusted risk of 365-day LT-free mortality by 1.25-fold(p=0.021);however,it did not increase the risk for 90-day mortality.Neither the category nor the number of precipitants influenced the adjusted risk of 28 or 90-day LT-free mortality.Conclusions:The 90-day outcome should be considered a significant endpoint for evaluating the short-term prognosis of hospitalized patients with CLD.Predisposing factors,other than etiology,mainly affected the delayed(365-day)outcome.Timely effective therapy for CLD etiology,especially antiviral treatments for HBV,and post-discharge long-term surveillance monitoring in cirrhotic patients undergoing PD are suggested to enhance disease management and reduce mortality.