A personalized electronic textile for ultrasensitive pressure sensing enabled by biocompatible MXene/ PEDOT:PSS composite

Flexible,breathable,and highly sensitive pressure sensors have increasingly become a focal point of interest due to their pivotal role in healthcare monitoring,advanced electronic skin applications,and disease diagnosis.However,traditional methods,involving elastomer film-based substrates or encapsulation techniques,often fall short due to mechanical mismatches,discomfort,lack of breathability,and limitations in sensing abilities.Consequently,there is a pressing need,yet it remains a significant challenge to create pressure sensors that are not only highly breathable,flexible,and comfortable but also sensitive,durable,and biocompatible.Herein,we present a biocompatible and breathable fabric-based pressure sensor,using nonwoven fabrics as both the sensing electrode(coated with MXene/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate[PEDOT:PSS])and the interdigitated electrode(printed with MXene pattern)via a scalable spray-coating and screen-coating technique.The resultant device exhibits commendable air permeability,biocompatibility,and pressure sensing performance,including a remarkable sensitivity(754.5 kPa^(−1)),rapid response/recovery time(180/110 ms),and robust cycling stability.Furthermore,the integration of PEDOT:PSS plays a crucial role in protecting the MXene nanosheets from oxidation,significantly enhancing the device's long-term durability.These outstanding features make this sensor highly suitable for applications in fullrange human activities detection and disease diagnosis.Our study underscores the promising future of flexible pressure sensors in the realm of intelligent wearable electronics,setting a new benchmark for the industry.

Adsorption behavior of phosphate on Lanthanum(Ⅲ) doped mesoporous silicates material

A series of lanthanum doped meosoporous MCM-41 （LaxM41, x is Si/La molar ratio） was prepared by sol-gel method. The surface structure of the materials was investigated with X-ray diffraction and N2 adsorption/desorption technique. The content of La in the materials was determined by ICE It was found that the La content of La25M41, La50M41 and La100M41 was 7.53%, 3.89% and 2.32%, respectively. The phosphate adsorption capacities increased with increasing amount of La incorporation. With 0.40 g La25M41 99.7% phosphate could be removed. The effects of Si/La molar ratio, LaxM41 dose, pH, initial concentration of phosphate solution, co-ions on phosphate adsorption were also evaluated. The phosphate adsorption kinetics of LaxM41 could be well-described by the pseudo second-order model, and Langmuir isotherm fit equilibrium data much better than the Freundlich isotherm.

TPOS Tagging Method Based on BiLSTM_CRF Model

Part of speech (POS) tagging determines the attributes of each word, and it is the fundamental work in machine translation, speech recognition, information retrieval and other fields. For Tibetan part-of-speech (TPOS) tagging, a tagging method is proposed based on bidirectional long short-term memory with conditional random field model (BiLSTM_CRF). Firstly, the designed TOPS tagging set and manual tagging corpus were used to get word vectors by embedding Tibetan words and corresponding TPOS tags in continuous bag-of-words (CBOW) model. Secondly, the word vectors were input into the BiLSTM_CRF model. To obtain the predictive score matrix, this model using the past input features and future input feature information respectively learned by forward long short-term memory (LSTM) and backward LSTM performs non-linear operations on the softmax layer. The prediction score matrix was input into the CRF model to judge the threshold value and calculate the sequence score error. Lastly, a Tibetan part of speech tagging model was got based on the BiLSTM_CRF model. The experimental results indicate that the accuracy of TPOS tagging model based on the BiLSTM_CRF model can reach 92.7%.

SARS-CoV-2 RBD and Its Variants Can Induce Platelet Activation and Clearance:Implications for Antibody Therapy and Vaccinations against COVID-19

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus is an ongoing global health burden.Severe cases of COVID-19 and the rare cases of COVID-19 vaccine-induced-thrombotic-thrombocytopenia(VITT)are both associated with thrombosis and thrombocytopenia;however,the underlying mechanisms remain inadequately understood.Both infection and vaccination utilize the spike protein receptor-binding domain(RBD)of SARS-CoV-2.We found that intravenous injection of recombinant RBD caused significant platelet clearance in mice.Further investigation revealed the RBD could bind platelets,cause platelet activation,and potentiate platelet aggregation,which was exacerbated in the Delta and Kappa variants.The RBD–platelet interaction was partially dependent on theβ3 integrin as binding was significantly reduced inβ3−/−mice.Furthermore,RBD binding to human and mouse platelets was significantly reduced with relatedαIIbβ3 antagonists and mutation of the RGD(arginine-glycine-aspartate)integrin binding motif to RGE(arginine-glycine-glutamate).We developed anti-RBD polyclonal and several monoclonal antibodies(mAbs)and identified 4F2 and 4H12 for their potent dual inhibition of RBD-induced platelet activation,aggregation,and clearance in vivo,and SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication in Vero E6 cells.Our data show that the RBD can bind platelets partially thoughαIIbβ3 and induce platelet activation and clearance,which may contribute to thrombosis and thrombocytopenia observed in COVID-19 and VITT.Our newly developed mAbs 4F2 and 4H12 have potential not only for diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 virus antigen but also importantly for therapy against COVID-19.

A piezoelectric-driven microneedle platform for skin disease therapy

With over a million cases detected each year,skin disease is a global public health problem that diminishes the quality of life due to its difficulty to eradicate,propensity for recurrence,and potential for post-treatment scarring.Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is a treatment with minimal invasiveness or scarring and few side effects,making it well tolerated by patients.However,this treatment requires further research and development to improve its effective clinical use.Here,a piezoelectric-driven microneedle(PDMN)platform that achieves high efficiency,safety,and non-invasiveness for enhanced PDT is proposed.This platform induces deep tissue cavitation,increasing the level of protoporphyrin IX and significantly enhancing drug penetration.A clinical trial involving 25 patients with skin disease was conducted to investigate the timeliness and efficacy of PDMN-assisted PDT(PDMN-PDT).Our findings suggested that PDMN-PDT boosted treatment effectiveness and reduced the required incubation time and drug concentration by 25%and 50%,respectively,without any anesthesia compared to traditional PDT.These findings suggest that PDMN-PDT is a safe and minimally invasive approach for skin disease treatment,which may improve the therapeutic efficacy of topical medications and enable translation for future clinical applications.

Interaction of ductal obstruction and glandular dropout in the pathogenesis of meibomian gland dysfunction

Meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD)manifests through two main clinical presentations,characterized by the meibomian gland(MG)ductal obstruction or acinar dropout.While previous research has predominantly associated MGD pathogenesis with hyperkeratinization-related MG ductal obstruction and subsequent acinar atrophy,recent cases have shown significant functional acinar loss in the absence of apparent ductal keratinization or blockage.The deterioration of either MG obstruction or dropout exacerbates the condition of the other,suggesting an independent yet interconnected relationship that perpetuates the vicious cycle of MGD.Understanding the distinct pathological features of MG obstruction and dropout is crucial for delineating their etiology and identifying targeted therapeutic strategies.This review explores the nuanced interrelations of MG obstruction and dropout,elucidating potential pathological mechanisms to establish a foundation for early MGD diagnosis and intervention.

Three-dimensional cooperative guidance strategy and guidance law for intercepting highly maneuvering target

Cooperative interception of the target with strong maneuverability by multiple missiles with weak maneuverability in the three-dimensional nonlinear model is studied.Firstly,the three-dimensional nonlinear model of cooperative guidance is established.The three-dimensional reachable region is represented composed of lateral acceleration and longitudinal acceleration in the two-dimensional coordinate system.Secondly,the problem of the multiple missile’s reachable coverage area is transformed into the problem of cooperative coverage.A cooperative coverage strategy is proposed and an algorithm for quickly calculating the number of required missiles is designed.Then,the guidance law based on the cooperative coverage strategy is proposed,and it is proved that cooperative interception of the target can be achieved under the acceleration limit.Moreover,the relations among the number of missiles,the initial array position of terminal guidance and the coverage area of the target’s large maneuver are analyzed.The dynamic adjustment strategy of guidance parameters is proposed to reduce the guidance error.Finally,simulation results show that multiple missiles with low maneuverability can achieve effective interception of target with strong maneuverability through the proposed cooperative strategy and cooperative guidance method.

Bias-drift-free Mach–Zehnder modulators based on a heterogeneous silicon and lithium niobate platform

Optical modulators have been and will continue to be essential devices for energy-and cost-efficient optical communication networks.Heterogeneous silicon and lithium niobate modulators have demonstrated promising performances of low optical loss,low drive voltage,and large modulation bandwidth.However,DC bias drift is a major drawback of optical modulators using lithium niobate as the active electro-optic material.Here,we demonstrate high-speed and bias-drift-free Mach–Zehnder modulators based on the heterogeneous silicon and lithium niobate platform.The devices combine stable thermo-optic DC biases in silicon and ultra-fast electro-optic modulation in lithium niobate,and exhibit a low insertion loss of 1.8 d B,a low half-wave voltage of 3 V,an electro-optic modulation bandwidth of at least 70 GHz,and modulation data rates up to 128 Gb/s.