MatStick:Changing the material sensation of objects upon impact

An increasing number of studies have focused on providing rich tactile feedback in virtual reality interactive scenarios.In this study,we addressed a tapping scenario in virtual reality by designing MatStick,a solution capable of offering diverse tapping sensations.MatStick utilizes a soft physical base to provide force feedback and modulates the instantaneous vibration of the base using a voice coil motor,thereby altering the perception of the base material.We conducted two psychophysical experiments and a subjective evaluation to assess the capabilities of MatStick.The results demonstrate that MatStick can deliver rich tapping sensations.Although users may find it challenging to directly correlate the tapping sensation with the actual physical material based solely on tactile feedback,in immersive scenarios combined with visual and auditory cues,MatStick significantly enhances the user's interaction experience.

The Prevention and Control Measures of COVID-19 in the People’s Hospital of Pingchang County

COVID-19 (COVID-19) or COVID-19 is pneumonia caused by the novel coronavirus infection in patients in 2019. COVID-19 pneumonia epidemic is widespread, wide, and deep. To effectively combat the further spread of COVID-19: the overall protocol of the hospital: “three lines of defense” of community prevention and control, fever clinic and face-to-face treatment;grasp the good three-time limits: “2 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours”;do a good job of three key points: key areas and places and groups;carry out four early prevention and control measures: early detection, early reporting, early isolation and early treatment;management of confirmed, suspected, fever, close contact “four types of personnel”;implement l responsibility system;doing all receivable, should be treated, should be checked, should be separated by “four should be”;do investigation, control, supervision, education, and care “five in place”. Through the above methods, the People’s Hospital of Pingchang County has effectively controlled COVID-19.

The Trend of the Multidrug Resistance of Helicobacter pylori Strains Isolated in Chengdu

Background: The treatment of Hp infection has been the most popular topic of the most attention and research by gastrointestinal disease workers, and the biggest problem in the treatment of Hp infection is Hp drug resistance to antibiotics, and Hp drug resistance is the main cause of Hp eradication failure. It is severe for the multidrug resistance of Hp. Objective: To investigate the changing trend of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) resistance to metronidazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin in children and adults in Chengdu. Methods: The Hp strain determined the minimum antibacterial concentration (MIC) from 585 patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms, metronidazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin was measured by the E-test. Clinically isolated Hp strains were obtained by microaerobic condition culture as the diagnostic standard. Results: The Hp resistance to metronidazole and clarithromycin in children in Chengdu were: 17.65% (27/153) and 18.06 (78/432) in adults. The Hp resistance to metronidazole and amoxicillin in children in Chengdu were: 11.76% (18/153) and 13.19 (57/432) in adults. The Hp resistance to metronidazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin in children in Chengdu were: 3.92% (6/153) and 10.41 (45/432) in adults. There were 76.92% of the strains which were resistant to metronidazole, 24.11% to clarithromycin, and 18.46% to amoxicillin. The drug resistance rate of Hp has increased year by year from 2017 to 2021 year, especially the drug resistance rate of Hp to clarithromycin and metronidazole has generally increased. Conclusions: The drug resistance rate of Hp has increased year by year from 2017 to 2021 year.

Network pharmacology-based screening of the active ingredients and mechanisms of Cymbaria daurica against diabetes mellitus

Cymbaria daurica L.has a long history as a folk medicine and tea for the treatment of diabetes.However,the biological activity and mechanism of its hypoglycemic effect have not been fully elucidated.In this study,the potential mechanism of C.daurica against type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)was postulated via pharmacological network analysis.Based on data mining techniques involving topological parameters,gene ontology,and pathway enrichment,we established a compound-target,protein-protein interaction,and target-pathway network to identify central targets and pathways.Pathway enrichment analysis revealed that the most important pathway associated with C.daurica in treating T2DM is the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.Molecular docking was performed to validate the predicted results.Then,a HepG2 cell insulin resistance model and a high-fat,high-glucose diet combined with a streptozotocin-induced T2DM rat model was established to assess the fasting glucose changes and lipid profile after C.daurica treatment,respectively.Finally,real-time PCR and western blotting were used to verify changes in key targets.The anti-diabetic mechanism of the active ingredient in C.daurica may involve the regulation of IRS-2,Akt1,GLUT4,and GSK3β.

NIR-II silver-based quantum dots:Synthesis and applications

Silver-based quantum dots(QDs)such as Ag2S,Ag2Se,and Ag2Te,which emit in the second near-infrared window(NIR-II,900–1700 nm),have attracted great research interest due to their prominent optical properties and eco-friendly compositions.Over the past decade,the controllable synthesis,bandgap modulation,and fluorescence improvement of NIR-II Ag-based QDs have greatly promoted their practical applications.In this review,we summarize the development process and latest achievements of NIR-II Ag-based QDs,covering major synthesis techniques for fabricating NIR-II Ag-based QDs,general methods for improving their fluorescence properties and recent advances in the applications of NIR-II Ag-based QDs from bioimaging to optoelectronic devices.Finally,we discuss the challenges and prospects of NIR-II Ag-based QDs in their optical properties and applications.This review aims to present synthesis and modification strategies and future application prospects for NIR-II Ag-based QDs,providing guidance for the design and integration of fluorescent probes in NIR-II window.

Pharmaceutical applications of framework nucleic acids

DNA is a biological polymer that encodes and stores genetic information in all living organism. Particularly, the precise nucleobase pairing inside DNA is exploited for the self-assembling of nanostructures with defined size, shape and functionality. These DNA nanostructures are known as framework nucleic acids(FNAs) for their skeleton-like features. Recently, FNAs have been explored in various fields ranging from physics, chemistry to biology. In this review, we mainly focus on the recent progress of FNAs in a pharmaceutical perspective. We summarize the advantages and applications of FNAs for drug discovery, drug delivery and drug analysis. We further discuss the drawbacks of FNAs and provide an outlook on the pharmaceutical research direction of FNAs in the future.

Tetrahedral DNA nanostructures synergize with MnO_(2) to enhance antitumor immunity via promoting STING activation and M1 polarization

Stimulator of interferon genes(STING) is a cytosolic DNA sensor which is regarded as a potential target for antitumor immunotherapy. However, clinical trials of STING agonists display limited anti-tumor effects and dose-dependent side-effects like inflammatory damage and cell toxicity. Here,we showed that tetrahedral DNA nanostructures(TDNs) actively enter macrophages to promote STING activation and M1 polarization in a size-dependent manner, and synergized with Mn^(2+) to enhance the expressions of IFN-β and iNOS, as well as the co-stimulatory molecules for antigen presentation. Moreover, to reduce the cytotoxicity of Mn^(2+),we constructed a TDN-MnO_(2) complex and found that it displayed a much higher efficacy than TDN plus Mn^(2+) to initiate macrophage activation and anti-tumor response both in vitro and in vivo. Together, our studies explored a novel immune activation effect of TDN in cancer therapy and its synergistic therapeutic outcomes with MnO_(2).These findings provide new therapeutic opportunities for cancer therapy.

Coating with flexible DNA network enhanced T-cell activation and tumor killing for adoptive cell therapy

Adoptive cell therapy(ACT)is an emerging powerful cancer immunotherapy,which includes a complex process of genetic modification,stimulation and expansion.During these in vitro or ex vivo manipulation,sensitive cells are inescapability subjected to harmful external stimuli.Although a variety of cytoprotection strategies have been developed,their application on ACT remains challenging.Herein,a DNA network is constructed on cell surface by rolling circle amplification(RCA),and T cell-targeted trivalent tetrahedral DNA nanostructure is used as a rigid scaffold to achieve high-efficient and selective coating for T cells.The cytoprotective DNA network on T-cell surface makes them aggregate over time to form cell clusters,which exhibit more resistance to external stimuli and enhanced activities in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and liver cancer organoid killing model.Overall,this work provides a novel strategy for in vitro T cell-selective protection,which has a great potential for application in ACT.

Genome architecture and selective signals compensatorily shape plastic response to a new environment

Transcriptional plasticity interacts with natural selection in complexways and is crucial for the survival of species under rapid climate change.How 3D genome architecture affects transcriptional plasticity and its interaction with genetic adaptation are unclear.We transplanted estuarine oysters to a new environment and found that genes located in active chromatin regions exhibited greater transcriptional plasticity,and changes in these regions were negatively correlatedwith selective signals.