Objective:This study assessed whether Chinese herbal medicine(CHM)combined with probiotics/synbiotics for irritable bowel syndrome-diarrhea(IBS-D)was more effective and safer than probiotics/synbiotics alone.Methods:T...Objective:This study assessed whether Chinese herbal medicine(CHM)combined with probiotics/synbiotics for irritable bowel syndrome-diarrhea(IBS-D)was more effective and safer than probiotics/synbiotics alone.Methods:Ten databases were searched for randomized control trials(RCTs)of IBS-D as diagnosed by Manning or Rome criteria.Trials comparing probiotics and probiotics with CHM were included.The Cochrane risk of bias(ROB)was evaluated for each trial.RevMan 5.3 was used to conduct a meta-analysis.Results:Twenty-six RCTs were included(25 Chinese,1 English),involving 2045 participants.Metaanalysis was conducted on two outcomes:overall symptom improvement and relapse.CHM combined with live Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus preparations reduced relapse rate(RR 0.28,95%CI 0.15e0.52,3 trials,n?205)compared with probiotics alone.The subgroup analysis showed the benefit of CHM prescriptions based on soothing liver and invigorating spleen(1.28,1.14e1.44,3,244),invigorating spleen and resolving dampness(1.20,1.03e1.41,2,128),or warming and invigorating spleen and kidney formulae(1.27,1.09e1.46,2,210)combined with triple Bifidobacterium preparations than the same probiotics alone which improved overall symptoms for IBS-D.There was unclear bias in almost domains of ROB.Most studies had a high risk of bias due to lack of blinding of investigator and participants,and selective reporting.Conclusions:This study showed that CHM combined with probiotics may reduce relapse rate by 72%,and improve overall symptoms of IBS-D(as diagnosed by Rome II and III)compared to probiotics alone.From the limited subgroup analysis,only soothing liver and invigorating spleen formulae,represented by Tongxie Yaofang,added to triple Bifidobacterium preparations may be superior to the single preparations in terms of overall symptoms.However,due to the poor methodological quality and small sample size of the trials,these findings must be interpreted with caution.展开更多
To gain a comprehensive understanding of sources and health risks of trace elements in an area of China with high population densities and low PM_(2.5)concentrations,15 trace elements(Al,K,Ca,Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Ni,Cu,Zn,As...To gain a comprehensive understanding of sources and health risks of trace elements in an area of China with high population densities and low PM_(2.5)concentrations,15 trace elements(Al,K,Ca,Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Sn,Ba,Pb)in PM_(2.5)were monitored from December 2020 to November 2021 in a representative city,Xiamen.The concentrations of trace elements in Xiamen displayed an obvious seasonal variation and were dominated by K,Fe,Al,Ca and Zn.Based on Positive Matrix Factorization analysis,source appointment revealed that the major sources of trace elements in Xiamen were traffic,dust,biomass and firework combustion,industrial manufacture and shipping emission.According to health risk assessment combined with the source appointment results,it indicated that the average noncarcinogenic risk was below the threshold and cancer risk of four hazardous metals(Cr,Ni,As,Pb)exceeded the threshold(10^(-6)).Traffic-related source had almost half amount of contribution to the health risk induced by PM_(2.5)-bound trace elements.During the dust transport period or Spring Festival period,the health risks exceeded an acceptable threshold even an order of magnitude higher,suggesting that the serious health risks still existed in low PM_(2.5)environment at certain times.Health risk assessment reminded that the health risk reduction in PM_(2.5)at southeastern China should prioritize traffic-related hazardous trace elements and highlighted the importance of controlling vehicles emissions in the future.展开更多
Freshwater planarians(Platyhelminthes)are ideal models in regenerative biology because of their whole-body regeneration capability(Salo,2006).They are also popular in neuroscience because they possess anterior cephali...Freshwater planarians(Platyhelminthes)are ideal models in regenerative biology because of their whole-body regeneration capability(Salo,2006).They are also popular in neuroscience because they possess anterior cephalic ganglia(brains),which can be restored within a week after head removal(Ross et al.,2017).展开更多
基金This study was supported by the key program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81830115)Prof.Nicola Robinson(Visiting Professor of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine)is funded by Overseas Expertise Project,Ministry of Education of China(MS200800090).
文摘Objective:This study assessed whether Chinese herbal medicine(CHM)combined with probiotics/synbiotics for irritable bowel syndrome-diarrhea(IBS-D)was more effective and safer than probiotics/synbiotics alone.Methods:Ten databases were searched for randomized control trials(RCTs)of IBS-D as diagnosed by Manning or Rome criteria.Trials comparing probiotics and probiotics with CHM were included.The Cochrane risk of bias(ROB)was evaluated for each trial.RevMan 5.3 was used to conduct a meta-analysis.Results:Twenty-six RCTs were included(25 Chinese,1 English),involving 2045 participants.Metaanalysis was conducted on two outcomes:overall symptom improvement and relapse.CHM combined with live Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus preparations reduced relapse rate(RR 0.28,95%CI 0.15e0.52,3 trials,n?205)compared with probiotics alone.The subgroup analysis showed the benefit of CHM prescriptions based on soothing liver and invigorating spleen(1.28,1.14e1.44,3,244),invigorating spleen and resolving dampness(1.20,1.03e1.41,2,128),or warming and invigorating spleen and kidney formulae(1.27,1.09e1.46,2,210)combined with triple Bifidobacterium preparations than the same probiotics alone which improved overall symptoms for IBS-D.There was unclear bias in almost domains of ROB.Most studies had a high risk of bias due to lack of blinding of investigator and participants,and selective reporting.Conclusions:This study showed that CHM combined with probiotics may reduce relapse rate by 72%,and improve overall symptoms of IBS-D(as diagnosed by Rome II and III)compared to probiotics alone.From the limited subgroup analysis,only soothing liver and invigorating spleen formulae,represented by Tongxie Yaofang,added to triple Bifidobacterium preparations may be superior to the single preparations in terms of overall symptoms.However,due to the poor methodological quality and small sample size of the trials,these findings must be interpreted with caution.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U22A20578)the Science and Technology Department of Fujian Province(No.2022L3025)+3 种基金the Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Project(No.E0L1B20201)the Chaozhou Science and Technology Plan Project(No.2018GY03)Xiamen Atmospheric Environment Observation and Research Station of Fujian ProvinceFujian Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Ozone Pollution Prevention(Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences)。
文摘To gain a comprehensive understanding of sources and health risks of trace elements in an area of China with high population densities and low PM_(2.5)concentrations,15 trace elements(Al,K,Ca,Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Sn,Ba,Pb)in PM_(2.5)were monitored from December 2020 to November 2021 in a representative city,Xiamen.The concentrations of trace elements in Xiamen displayed an obvious seasonal variation and were dominated by K,Fe,Al,Ca and Zn.Based on Positive Matrix Factorization analysis,source appointment revealed that the major sources of trace elements in Xiamen were traffic,dust,biomass and firework combustion,industrial manufacture and shipping emission.According to health risk assessment combined with the source appointment results,it indicated that the average noncarcinogenic risk was below the threshold and cancer risk of four hazardous metals(Cr,Ni,As,Pb)exceeded the threshold(10^(-6)).Traffic-related source had almost half amount of contribution to the health risk induced by PM_(2.5)-bound trace elements.During the dust transport period or Spring Festival period,the health risks exceeded an acceptable threshold even an order of magnitude higher,suggesting that the serious health risks still existed in low PM_(2.5)environment at certain times.Health risk assessment reminded that the health risk reduction in PM_(2.5)at southeastern China should prioritize traffic-related hazardous trace elements and highlighted the importance of controlling vehicles emissions in the future.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32070427,32270501,32200376,and 31570376)the Major Public Welfare Project of HenanProvince(201300311700)the Puyang Field Scientific Observation and Research Station for Yellow River Wetland Ecosystem,Henan Province.
文摘Freshwater planarians(Platyhelminthes)are ideal models in regenerative biology because of their whole-body regeneration capability(Salo,2006).They are also popular in neuroscience because they possess anterior cephalic ganglia(brains),which can be restored within a week after head removal(Ross et al.,2017).
