目的:调查胃肠道恶性肿瘤手术患者营养状况,并探讨其影响因素。方法:横断面调查2021年01月至2022年05月入住合肥市某三级甲等医院胃肠外科560例行胃肠道恶性肿瘤根治术患者的相关资料,应用GLIM标准诊断营养不良,统计营养不良发生现况并...目的:调查胃肠道恶性肿瘤手术患者营养状况,并探讨其影响因素。方法:横断面调查2021年01月至2022年05月入住合肥市某三级甲等医院胃肠外科560例行胃肠道恶性肿瘤根治术患者的相关资料,应用GLIM标准诊断营养不良,统计营养不良发生现况并分析其影响因素。结果:560例行胃肠道恶性肿瘤根治术患者中,营养不良的发生率为28.93%(162/560),其中重度营养不良的发生率为7.68%(43/560)。胃癌患者营养不良发生率为39.09%(95/243),结直肠癌患者营养不良发生率为21.14%(67/317)。Logistic回归分析显示:肿瘤类型(OR=3.192)、肿瘤分期、饮食教育(OR=2.821)、体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)(OR=0.709)、血清白蛋白浓度(OR=0.491)、血红蛋白浓度(OR=0.190)是胃肠道恶性肿瘤手术患者发生营养不良的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:胃肠道恶性肿瘤手术患者易发生营养不良,且胃癌患者高于结直肠癌患者。肿瘤分期越晚及未接受正规饮食教育的患者营养不良发生率更高。入院BMI、血清白蛋白浓度、血红蛋白浓度下降是胃肠道恶性肿瘤手术患者发生营养不良的危险因素。建议临床医护人员应关注胃癌、晚期肿瘤、低蛋白血症及贫血的手术患者,及时给予个案化营养干预提高术前营养状况,改善临床结局。展开更多
A kind of two-dimensional(2D)metal-organic framework(MOF)material,Cu-meso-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphine(Cu-TCPP)nanosheets with wrinkled and flat morphologies are used as building blocks to assemble membranes by v...A kind of two-dimensional(2D)metal-organic framework(MOF)material,Cu-meso-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphine(Cu-TCPP)nanosheets with wrinkled and flat morphologies are used as building blocks to assemble membranes by vacuum filtration(VF)and electrophoretic deposition(EPD)as energy-efficient nanofiltration(NF)membranes to remove dyes from water.Since the nanosheets with wrinkled structure can provide additional water transport channels,thereby increasing the water permeance,in the premise of a high rejection(>97.0%)for the dye brilliant blue G(BBG)(1.60 nm×1.90 nm),the water permeance of the membrane assembled by the wrinkled nanosheets(~1170 nm)is about 4 times that of the membrane assembled by the flat nanosheets(~530 nm),reaching 16.39 L·m^(−2)·h^(−1)·bar^(−1).Additionally,the use of the relatively flat nanosheets and the membrane preparation method of electrophoretic deposition is more conducive to stack nanosheets orderly and reduce defects.Therefore,the water permeance of the membrane prepared by EPD(~1170 nm)with flat nanosheets is about twice that of the membrane prepared by VF(~530 nm),achieving 9.40 L·m^(−2)·h^(−1)·bar^(−1)with similar rejection(>97.0%)of dye evans blue(EB)(3.10 nm×1.20 nm).Furthermore,these membranes still exhibit good separation performance at high pressure of 0.6 MPa.Nanosheets with diverse structures and various membrane fabrication processes provide new directions for the separation performance optimization of 2D MOF materials for water purification.展开更多
Two-dimensional(2D)materials have emerged as a class of promising materials to prepare high-performance 2D membranes for various separation applications.The precise control of the interlayer nano-channel/sub-nanochann...Two-dimensional(2D)materials have emerged as a class of promising materials to prepare high-performance 2D membranes for various separation applications.The precise control of the interlayer nano-channel/sub-nanochannel between nanosheets or the pore size of nanosheets within 2D membranes enables 2D membranes to achieve promising molecular sieving performance.To date,many 2D membranes with high permeability and high selectivity have been reported,exhibiting high separation performance.This review presents the development,progress,and recent breakthrough of different types of 2D membranes,including membranes based on porous and non-porous 2D nanosheets for various separations.Separation mechanism of 2D membranes and their fabrication methods are also reviewed.Last but not the least,challenges and future directions of 2D membranes for wide utilization are discussed in brief.展开更多
Two-dimensional nanosheets are highly effective tougheners for vinyl ester resins.The toughening effect is related to the high specific surface area and unique two-dimensional planar structure of the nanosheets.In thi...Two-dimensional nanosheets are highly effective tougheners for vinyl ester resins.The toughening effect is related to the high specific surface area and unique two-dimensional planar structure of the nanosheets.In this study,a coupling agentγ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propytrimethoxysilane(Kh-560)was used to modify MXene nanosheets(M-MXene)for use in toughening vinyl ester resin.The mechanical properties,including the tensile strength,flexural strength,Young’s modulus and elongation,of neat vinyl ester resin and vinyl ester resin modified with MXene and M-MXene were investigated.The results showed that modification significantly improved the mechanical properties of the vinyl ester resin.The tensile and flexural strengths of the MXene-nanosheet-modified vinyl ester resin were 27.20%and 25.32%higher,respectively,than those of the neat vinyl ester resin.The coupling agent improved the interfacial compatibility between the MXene nanosheets and vinyl ester resin,which resulted in the tensile and flexural strengths of the M-MXene-nanosheet-modified vinyl ester resin being 52.57%and 54.60%higher,respectively,than those of the neat vinyl ester resin for a loading quantity of nanosheets of only 0.04 wt%,which is economically viable.The main mechanisms by which the nanosheets toughen the resin are crack deflection and crack pinning.展开更多
文摘目的:调查胃肠道恶性肿瘤手术患者营养状况,并探讨其影响因素。方法:横断面调查2021年01月至2022年05月入住合肥市某三级甲等医院胃肠外科560例行胃肠道恶性肿瘤根治术患者的相关资料,应用GLIM标准诊断营养不良,统计营养不良发生现况并分析其影响因素。结果:560例行胃肠道恶性肿瘤根治术患者中,营养不良的发生率为28.93%(162/560),其中重度营养不良的发生率为7.68%(43/560)。胃癌患者营养不良发生率为39.09%(95/243),结直肠癌患者营养不良发生率为21.14%(67/317)。Logistic回归分析显示:肿瘤类型(OR=3.192)、肿瘤分期、饮食教育(OR=2.821)、体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)(OR=0.709)、血清白蛋白浓度(OR=0.491)、血红蛋白浓度(OR=0.190)是胃肠道恶性肿瘤手术患者发生营养不良的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:胃肠道恶性肿瘤手术患者易发生营养不良,且胃癌患者高于结直肠癌患者。肿瘤分期越晚及未接受正规饮食教育的患者营养不良发生率更高。入院BMI、血清白蛋白浓度、血红蛋白浓度下降是胃肠道恶性肿瘤手术患者发生营养不良的危险因素。建议临床医护人员应关注胃癌、晚期肿瘤、低蛋白血症及贫血的手术患者,及时给予个案化营养干预提高术前营养状况,改善临床结局。
基金the support from the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2021YFB3802500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22022805 and 22078107)+1 种基金This work was supported by State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering(No.2022PY04)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2022ZYGXZR010).
文摘A kind of two-dimensional(2D)metal-organic framework(MOF)material,Cu-meso-tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl)porphine(Cu-TCPP)nanosheets with wrinkled and flat morphologies are used as building blocks to assemble membranes by vacuum filtration(VF)and electrophoretic deposition(EPD)as energy-efficient nanofiltration(NF)membranes to remove dyes from water.Since the nanosheets with wrinkled structure can provide additional water transport channels,thereby increasing the water permeance,in the premise of a high rejection(>97.0%)for the dye brilliant blue G(BBG)(1.60 nm×1.90 nm),the water permeance of the membrane assembled by the wrinkled nanosheets(~1170 nm)is about 4 times that of the membrane assembled by the flat nanosheets(~530 nm),reaching 16.39 L·m^(−2)·h^(−1)·bar^(−1).Additionally,the use of the relatively flat nanosheets and the membrane preparation method of electrophoretic deposition is more conducive to stack nanosheets orderly and reduce defects.Therefore,the water permeance of the membrane prepared by EPD(~1170 nm)with flat nanosheets is about twice that of the membrane prepared by VF(~530 nm),achieving 9.40 L·m^(−2)·h^(−1)·bar^(−1)with similar rejection(>97.0%)of dye evans blue(EB)(3.10 nm×1.20 nm).Furthermore,these membranes still exhibit good separation performance at high pressure of 0.6 MPa.Nanosheets with diverse structures and various membrane fabrication processes provide new directions for the separation performance optimization of 2D MOF materials for water purification.
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the flinding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22022805,22078107 and 51621001)Guangdong Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar(No.2017A030306002).
文摘Two-dimensional(2D)materials have emerged as a class of promising materials to prepare high-performance 2D membranes for various separation applications.The precise control of the interlayer nano-channel/sub-nanochannel between nanosheets or the pore size of nanosheets within 2D membranes enables 2D membranes to achieve promising molecular sieving performance.To date,many 2D membranes with high permeability and high selectivity have been reported,exhibiting high separation performance.This review presents the development,progress,and recent breakthrough of different types of 2D membranes,including membranes based on porous and non-porous 2D nanosheets for various separations.Separation mechanism of 2D membranes and their fabrication methods are also reviewed.Last but not the least,challenges and future directions of 2D membranes for wide utilization are discussed in brief.
基金We gratefully acknowledge the fundings from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.22022805,22078107)National Key Research and Development Program(Grant No.2021YFB3802500)+2 种基金the Special Project for Scienceand Technology Commissioner of Enterpriseof Guangdong Province(Grant No.GDKTP2021045700)the General Project of Department of Natural Resources of Guangdong Province(Grant No.GDNRC[2021]47)the Science&Technology Programof Qingyuan City(Grant No.2021DZX026).
文摘Two-dimensional nanosheets are highly effective tougheners for vinyl ester resins.The toughening effect is related to the high specific surface area and unique two-dimensional planar structure of the nanosheets.In this study,a coupling agentγ-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propytrimethoxysilane(Kh-560)was used to modify MXene nanosheets(M-MXene)for use in toughening vinyl ester resin.The mechanical properties,including the tensile strength,flexural strength,Young’s modulus and elongation,of neat vinyl ester resin and vinyl ester resin modified with MXene and M-MXene were investigated.The results showed that modification significantly improved the mechanical properties of the vinyl ester resin.The tensile and flexural strengths of the MXene-nanosheet-modified vinyl ester resin were 27.20%and 25.32%higher,respectively,than those of the neat vinyl ester resin.The coupling agent improved the interfacial compatibility between the MXene nanosheets and vinyl ester resin,which resulted in the tensile and flexural strengths of the M-MXene-nanosheet-modified vinyl ester resin being 52.57%and 54.60%higher,respectively,than those of the neat vinyl ester resin for a loading quantity of nanosheets of only 0.04 wt%,which is economically viable.The main mechanisms by which the nanosheets toughen the resin are crack deflection and crack pinning.
