Freshwater fungi comprises a highly diverse group of organisms occurring in freshwater habitats throughout the world.Dur-ing a survey of freshwater fungi on submerged wood in streams and lakes,a wide range of sexual a...Freshwater fungi comprises a highly diverse group of organisms occurring in freshwater habitats throughout the world.Dur-ing a survey of freshwater fungi on submerged wood in streams and lakes,a wide range of sexual and asexual species were collected mainly from karst regions in China and Thailand.Phylogenetic inferences using partial gene regions of LSU,ITS,SSU,TEF1α,and RPB2 sequences revealed that most of these fungi belonged to Dothideomycetes and Sordariomycetes and a few were related to Eurotiomycetes.Based on the morphology and multi-gene phylogeny,we introduce four new genera,viz.Aquabispora,Neocirrenalia,Ocellisimilis and Uvarisporella,and 47 new species,viz.Acrodictys chishuiensis,A.effusa,A.pyriformis,Actinocladium aquaticum,Annulatascus tratensis,Aquabispora setosa,Aqualignicola setosa,Aquimassario-sphaeria vermiformis,Ceratosphaeria flava,Chaetosphaeria polygonalis,Conlarium muriforme,Digitodesmium chishuiense,Ellisembia aquirostrata,Fuscosporella atrobrunnea,Halobyssothecium aquifusiforme,H.caohaiense,Hongkongmyces aquisetosus,Kirschsteiniothelia dushanensis,Monilochaetes alsophilae,Mycoenterolobium macrosporum,Myrmecridium splendidum,Neohelicascus griseoflavus,Neohelicomyces denticulatus,Neohelicosporium fluviatile,Neokalmusia aquib-runnea,Neomassariosphaeria aquimucosa,Neomyrmecridium naviculare,Neospadicoides biseptata,Ocellisimilis clavata,Ophioceras thailandense,Paragaeumannomyces aquaticus,Phialoturbella aquilunata,Pleurohelicosporium hyalinum,Pseudodactylaria denticulata,P.longidenticulata,P.uniseptata,Pseudohalonectria aurantiaca,Rhamphoriopsis aquimi-crospora,Setoseptoria bambusae,Shrungabeeja fluviatilis,Sporidesmium tratense,S.versicolor,Sporoschisma atroviride,Stanjehughesia aquatica,Thysanorea amniculi,Uvarisporella aquatica and Xylolentia aseptata,with an illustrated account,discussion of their taxonomic placement and comparison with morphological similar taxa.Seven new combinations are introduced,viz.Aquabispora grandispora(≡Boerlagiomyces grandisporus),A.websteri(≡Boerlagiomyces websteri),Cer-atosphaeria suthepensis(≡Pseudohalonectria suthepensis),Gamsomyces aquaticus(≡Pseudobactrodesmium aquaticum),G.malabaricus(≡Gangliostilbe malabarica),Neocirrenalia nigrospora(≡Cirrenalia nigrospora),and Rhamphoriopsis glauca(≡Chloridium glaucum).Ten new geographical records are reported in China and Thailand and nine species are first reported from freshwater habitats.Reference specimens are provided for Diplocladiella scalaroides and Neocirrenalia nigrospora(≡Cirrenalia nigrospora).Systematic placement of the previously introduced genera Actinocladium,Aqualigni-cola,and Diplocladiella is first elucidated based on the reference specimens and new collections.Species recollected from China and Thailand are also described and illustrated.The overall trees of freshwater Dothideomycetes and Sordariomycetes collected in this study are provided respectively and genera or family/order trees are constructed for selected taxa.展开更多
This study documents the morphology and phylogeny of ascomycetes collected from karst landscapes of Guizhou Prov-ince,China.Based on morphological characteristics in conjunction with DNA sequence data,70 species are i...This study documents the morphology and phylogeny of ascomycetes collected from karst landscapes of Guizhou Prov-ince,China.Based on morphological characteristics in conjunction with DNA sequence data,70 species are identified and distributed in two classes(Dothideomycetes and Sordariomycetes),16 orders,41 families and 60 genera.One order Plani-sphaeriales,four families Leptosphaerioidaceae,Neoleptosporellaceae,Planisphaeriaceae and Profundisphaeriaceae,ten genera Conicosphaeria,Karstiomyces,Leptosphaerioides,Neoceratosphaeria,Neodiaporthe,Neodictyospora,Planispha-eria,Profundisphaeria,Stellatus and Truncatascus,and 34 species(Amphisphaeria karsti,Anteaglonium hydei,Atracto-spora terrestris,Conicosphaeria vaginatispora,Corylicola hydei,Diaporthe cylindriformispora,Dictyosporium karsti,Hysterobrevium karsti,Karstiomyces guizhouensis,Leptosphaerioides guizhouensis,Lophiotrema karsti,Murispora hydei,Muyocopron karsti,Neoaquastroma guizhouense,Neoceratosphaeria karsti,Neodiaporthe reniformispora,Neodictyospora karsti,Neoheleiosa guizhouensis,Neoleptosporella fusiformispora,Neoophiobolus filiformisporum,Ophioceras guizhouen-sis,Ophiosphaerella karsti,Paraeutypella longiasca,Paraeutypella karsti,Patellaria guizhouensis,Planisphaeria karsti,Planisphaeria reniformispora,Poaceascoma herbaceum,Profundisphaeria fusiformispora,Pseudocoleophoma guizhouen-sis,Pseudopolyplosphaeria guizhouensis,Stellatus guizhouensis,Sulcatispora karsti and Truncatascus microsporus)are introduced as new to science.Moreover,13 new geographical records for China are also reported,which are Acrocalymma medicaginis,Annulohypoxylon thailandicum,Astrosphaeriella bambusae,Diaporthe novem,Hypoxylon rubiginosum,Ophio-sphaerella agrostidis,Ophiosphaerella chiangraiensis,Patellaria atrata,Polyplosphaeria fusca,Psiloglonium macrosporum,Sarimanas shirakamiense,Thyridaria broussonetiae and Tremateia chromolaenae.Additionally,the family Eriomycetaceae was resurrected as a non-lichenized family and accommodated within Monoblastiales.Detailed descriptions and illustrations of all these taxa are provided.展开更多
Thirty-six strains of endophytic Colletotrichum species were isolated from leaves of Bletilla ochracea Schltr.(Orchidaceae)collected from 5 sites in Guizhou,China.Seventeen different species,including 7 new species(na...Thirty-six strains of endophytic Colletotrichum species were isolated from leaves of Bletilla ochracea Schltr.(Orchidaceae)collected from 5 sites in Guizhou,China.Seventeen different species,including 7 new species(namely C.bletillum,C.caudasporum,C.duyunensis,C.endophytum,C.excelsum-altitudum and C.guizhouensis and C.ochracea),8 previously described species(C.boninense,C.cereale,C.destructivum,C.karstii,C.liriopes,C.miscanthi,C.parsonsiae and C.tofieldiae)and 2 sterile mycelia were identified.All of the taxa were identified based on morphology and phylogeny inferred from multi-locus sequences,including the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer(ITS)region,partial genes ofβ-tubulin(TUB2),actin(ACT)and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH).Comprehensive morphological descriptions and illustrations are provided for new species.Our investigation indicates a high diversity of Colletotrichum species in B.ochracea.展开更多
The current classification system for the recognition of taxonomic ranks among fungi,especially at highranking level,is subjective.With the development of molecular approaches and the availability of fossil calibratio...The current classification system for the recognition of taxonomic ranks among fungi,especially at highranking level,is subjective.With the development of molecular approaches and the availability of fossil calibration data,the use of divergence times as a universally standardized criterion for ranking taxa has now become possible.We can therefore date the origin of Ascomycota lineages by using molecular clock methods and establish the divergence times for the orders and families of Dothideomycetes.We chose Dothideomycetes,the largest class of the phylum Ascomycota,which contains 32 orders,to establish ages at which points orders have split;and Pleosporales,the largest order of Dothideomycetes with 55 families,to establish family divergence times.We have assembled a multi-gene data set(LSU,SSU,TEF1 and RPB2)from 391 taxa representing most family groups of Dothideomycetes and utilized fossil calibration points solely from within the ascomycetes and a Bayesian approach to establish divergence times of Dothideomycetes lineages.Two separated datasets were analysed:(i)272 taxa representing 32 orders of Dothideomycetes were included for the order level analysis,and(ii)191 taxa representing 55 families of Pleosporales were included for the family level analysis.Our results indicate that divergence times(crown age)for most orders(20 out of 32,or 63%)are between 100 and 220 Mya,while divergence times for most families(39 out of 55,or 71%)are between 20 and 100 Mya.We believe that divergence times can provide additional evidence to support establishment of higher level taxa,such as families,orders and classes.Taking advantage of this added approach,we can strive towards establishing a standardized taxonomic system both within and outside Fungi.In this study we found that molecular dating coupled with phylogenetic inferences provides no support for the taxonomic status of two currently recognized orders,namely Bezerromycetales and Wiesneriomycetales and these are treated as synonyms of Tubeufiales while Asterotexiales is treated as a synonym of Asterinales.In addition,we provide an updated phylogenetic assessment of Dothideomycetes previously published as the Families of Dothideomycetes in 2013 with a further ten orders and 35 families.展开更多
Sordariomycetes is one of the largest classes of Ascomycota that comprises a highly diverse range of fungi characterized mainly by perithecial ascomata and inoperculate unitunicate asci.The class includes many importa...Sordariomycetes is one of the largest classes of Ascomycota that comprises a highly diverse range of fungi characterized mainly by perithecial ascomata and inoperculate unitunicate asci.The class includes many important plant pathogens,as well as endophytes,saprobes,epiphytes,coprophilous and fungicolous,lichenized or lichenicolous taxa.They occur in terrestrial,freshwater and marine habitats worldwide.This paper reviews the 107 families of the class Sordariomycetes and provides a modified backbone tree based on phylogenetic analysis of four combined loci,with a maximum five representative taxa from each family,where available.This paper brings together for the first time,since Barrs’1990 Prodromus,descriptions,notes on the history,and plates or illustrations of type or representative taxa of each family,a list of accepted genera,including asexual genera and a key to these taxa of Sordariomycetes.Delineation of taxa is supported where possible by molecular data.The outline is based on literature to the end of 2015 and the Sordariomycetes now comprises six subclasses,32 orders,105 families and 1331 genera.The family Obryzaceae and Pleurotremataceae are excluded from the class.展开更多
This is a continuity of a series of taxonomic papers where materials are examined,described and novel combinations are proposed where necessary to improve our traditional species concepts and provide updates on their ...This is a continuity of a series of taxonomic papers where materials are examined,described and novel combinations are proposed where necessary to improve our traditional species concepts and provide updates on their classification.In addition to extensive morphological descriptions and appropriate asexual and sexual connections,DNA sequence data are also analysed from concatenated datasets(rDNA,TEF-a,RBP2 and b-Tubulin)to infer phylogenetic relationships and substantiate systematic position of taxa within appropriate ranks.Wherever new species or combinations are being proposed,we apply an integrative approach(morphological and molecular data as well as ecological features wherever applicable).Notes on 125 fungal taxa are compiled in this paper,including eight new genera,101 new species,two new combinations,one neotype,four reference specimens,new host or distribution records for eight species and one alternative morphs.The new genera introduced in this paper are Alloarthopyrenia,Arundellina,Camarosporioides,Neomassaria,Neomassarina,Neotruncatella,Paracapsulospora and Pseudophaeosphaeria.The new species are Alfaria spartii,Alloarthopyrenia italica,Anthostomella ravenna,An.thailandica,Arthrinium paraphaeospermum,Arundellina typhae,Aspergillus koreanus,Asterina cynometrae,Bertiella ellipsoidea,Blastophorum aquaticum,Cainia globosa,Camarosporioides phragmitis,Ceramothyrium menglunense,Chaetosphaeronema achilleae,Chlamydotubeufia helicospora,Ciliochorella phanericola,Clavulinopsis aurantiaca,Colletotrichum insertae,Comoclathris italica,Coronophora myricoides,Cortinarius fulvescentoideus,Co.nymphatus,Co.pseudobulliardioides,Co.tenuifulvescens,Cunninghamella gigacellularis,Cyathus pyristriatus,Cytospora cotini,Dematiopleospora alliariae,De.cirsii,Diaporthe aseana,Di.garethjonesii,Distoseptispora multiseptata,Dis.tectonae,Dis.tectonigena,Dothiora buxi,Emericellopsis persica,Gloniopsis calami,Helicoma guttulatum,Helvella floriforma,H.oblongispora,Hermatomyces subiculosa,Juncaceicola italica,Lactarius dirkii,Lentithecium unicellulare,Le.voraginesporum,Leptosphaeria cirsii,Leptosphaeria irregularis,Leptospora galii,Le.thailandica,Lindgomyces pseudomadisonensis,Lophiotrema bambusae,Lo.fallopiae,Meliola citri-maximae,Minimelanolocus submersus,Montagnula cirsii,Mortierella fluviae,Muriphaeosphaeria ambrosiae,Neodidymelliopsis ranunculi,Neomassaria fabacearum,Neomassarina thailandica,Neomicrosphaeropsis cytisi,Neo.cytisinus,Neo.minima,Neopestalotiopsis cocoe¨s,Neopestalotiopsis musae,Neoroussoella lenispora,Neotorula submersa,Neotruncatella endophytica,Nodulosphaeria italica,Occultibambusa aquatica,Oc.chiangraiensis,Ophiocordyceps hemisphaerica,Op.lacrimoidis,Paracapsulospora metroxyli,Pestalotiopsis sequoiae,Peziza fruticosa,Pleurotrema thailandica,Poaceicola arundinis,Polyporus mangshanensis,Pseudocoleophoma typhicola,Pseudodictyosporium thailandica,Pseudophaeosphaeria rubi,Purpureocillium sodanum,Ramariopsis atlantica,Rhodocybe griseoaurantia,Rh.indica,Rh.luteobrunnea,Russula indoalba,Ru.pseudoamoenicolor,Sporidesmium aquaticivaginatum,Sp.olivaceoconidium,Sp.pyriformatum,Stagonospora forlicesenensis,Stagonosporopsis centaureae,Terriera thailandica,Tremateia arundicola,Tr.guiyangensis,Trichomerium bambusae,Tubeufia hyalospora,Tu.roseohelicospora and Wojnowicia italica.New combinations are given for Hermatomyces mirum and Pallidocercospora thailandica.A neotype is proposed for Cortinarius fulvescens.Reference specimens are given for Aquaphila albicans,Leptospora rubella,Platychora ulmi and Meliola pseudosasae,while new host or distribution records are provided for Diaporthe eres,Di.siamensis,Di.foeniculina,Dothiorella iranica,Do.sarmentorum,Do.vidmadera,Helvella tinta and Vaginatispora fuckelii,with full taxonomic details.An asexual state is also reported for the first time in Neoacanthostigma septoconstrictum.This paper contributes to a more comprehensive update and improved identification of many ascomycetes and basiodiomycetes.展开更多
Sordariomycetes is one of the largest classes of Ascomycota and is characterised by perithecial ascomata and inoperculate unitunicate asci.The class includes many important plant pathogens,as well as endophytes,saprob...Sordariomycetes is one of the largest classes of Ascomycota and is characterised by perithecial ascomata and inoperculate unitunicate asci.The class includes many important plant pathogens,as well as endophytes,saprobes,epiphytes,and fungicolous,lichenized or lichenicolous taxa.The class includes freshwater,marine and terrestrial taxa and has a worldwide distribution.This paper provides an updated outline of the Sordariomycetes and a backbone tree incorporating asexual and sexual genera in the class.Based on phylogeny and morphology we introduced three subclasses;Diaporthomycetidae,Lulworthiomycetidae and Meliolomycetidae and five orders;Amplistromatales,Annulatascales,Falcocladiales,Jobellisiales and Togniniales.The outline is based on literature to the end of 2014 and the backbone tree published in this paper.Notes for 397 taxa with information,such as new family and genera novelties,novel molecular data published since the Outline of Ascomycota 2009,and new links between sexual and asexual genera and thus synonymies,are provided.The Sordariomycetes now comprises six subclasses,28 orders,90 families and 1344 genera.In addition a list of 829 genera with uncertain placement in Sordariomycetesis also provided.展开更多
The genera Lophiostoma,Misturatosphaeria and several other allied taxa in Lophiostomataceae are revisited.Accounts of these taxa,including their history,morphology,and family placement,based on molecular phylogeny,are...The genera Lophiostoma,Misturatosphaeria and several other allied taxa in Lophiostomataceae are revisited.Accounts of these taxa,including their history,morphology,and family placement,based on molecular phylogeny,are provided.Type or representative specimens of Lophiostoma and Misturatosphaeria were examined and fresh specimens were obtained from Germany,Italy,Japan and Thailand.A multi-gene phylogenetic analysis of the lophiostomataceous genera Floricola,Lophiostoma,Misturatosphaeria and related taxa is provided.Sixteen genera including Lophiostoma,Lophiohelichrysum,Dimorphiopsis,Platystomum and Vaginatispora,plus eleven newly introduced genera Biappendiculispora,Alpestrisphaeria,Capulatispora,Coelodictyosporium,Guttulispora,Lophiopoacea,Neotrematosphaeria,Paucispora,Pseudolophiostoma,Pseudoplatystomum and Sigarispora are accepted in Lophiostomataceae based on morphology and phylogeny.Lophiostoma caulium,Lophiostoma arundinis and Lophiostoma caudatum are accommodated in Sigarispora.Lophiostoma winteri and Lophiostoma fuckelii are placed in the genera Lophiopoacea and Vaginatispora respectively.Three Curreya species and Misturatosphaeria claviformis are transferred to a new genus,Neocurreya.All other Misturatosphaeria species except Misturatosphaeria aurantiinotata and M.uniseptata are separated in the new genera Asymmetrispora,Aurantiascoma,Magnibotryascoma,Pseudoaurantiascoma and Pseudomisturatosphaeria based on their morphological and phylogenetic affinities.Another new genus,Ramusculicola is introduced for a new collection from Thailand.These seven new genera are accommodated in a new family Floricolaceae,together with Floricola and Misturatosphaeria.Several massarina-like species clustered as a sister clade to Amorosia littoralis and are accommodated in a new genus Angustimassarina.A new family Amorosiaceae is proposed to accommodate the genera Amorosia and Angustimassarina.The putatively named species Decaisnella formosa and Thyridaria macrostomoides form a separate clade together with a new genus Lignosphaeria which is placed in Dothideomycetes,genera incertae sedis.展开更多
The type specimens or representative specimens of the potentially dothidealean genera Bagnisiella,Botryochora,Coccostromella,Columnosphaeria,Delphinel la,Dictyodothis,Discosphaerina,Dothidea,Dothiora,Endodothiora,Jaff...The type specimens or representative specimens of the potentially dothidealean genera Bagnisiella,Botryochora,Coccostromella,Columnosphaeria,Delphinel la,Dictyodothis,Discosphaerina,Dothidea,Dothiora,Endodothiora,Jaffuela,Mycoporis,Omphalospora,Pachysacca,Plowrightia,Saccothecium,Stylodothis,Sydowia and Yoshinagaia were examined while,fresh specimens of Aureobasidium pullulans,Dothidea insculpta,Plowrightia ribesia and Saccothecium sepincola were made from Italy and Thailand.An introduction and the history of these genera,their family placement,morphology,and molecular phylogeny are provided.Morphology plus GenBank data are used to provide a systematic treatment of Dothideales.Phylogenetic analysis of LSU,SSU and ITS gene regions was carried out and in the resulting phylogenetic tree the taxa cluster in two clades with high bootstrap support.Clade A comprises Dothideaceae,the family type of Dothideales.The family Dothioraceae is not recognized as a distinct family and is synonymized under Dothideaceae.Neocylindroseptoria is introduced to accommodate Cylindroseptoria pistaciae as it forms a well-supported distinct clade in Dothideaceae.Clade B comprises Aureobasidium,Kabatiella,Pseudoseptoria,Saccothecium and Selenophoma species and Columnosphaeria fagi,for which we propose a new family,Aureobasidiaceae.The recently introduced Sydowia eucalypti also clustered within Clade B and therefore based on morphology and molecular phylogeny a new genus Pseudosydowia is introduced for Sydowia eucalypti.Celosporium laricicola is separated in a distinct clade,and therefore it is placed in Dothideales,genera,incertae sedis.The genera Bagnisiella,Botryochora,Coccostromella,Jaffuela,Lucidascocarpa,Mycoporis,Omphalospora,Pachysacca and Yoshinagaia are excluded from Dothideales and their placements are discussed.展开更多
Tamarix species are small trees that grow in various natural habitats and have a wide geographic distribution.Microfungal species previously found on Tamarix and recently collected in Italy and Russia were identified ...Tamarix species are small trees that grow in various natural habitats and have a wide geographic distribution.Microfungal species previously found on Tamarix and recently collected in Italy and Russia were identified based on morphological characters and analyses of gene sequence data.The sexual morph of the coelomycetous genus Homortomyces was collected for the first time and is described and illustrated.A new family,Homortomycetaceae(Dothideomycetes,families incertae sedis)is introduced to accommodate Homortomyces.Two new genera Neomicrosphaeropsis(Didymellaceae)and Tamaricicola(Pleosporaceae)are introduced in this paper.Phoma tamaricicola was recollected and is placed in Neomicrosphaeropsis based on morphology and molecular data.Ten new species,Cytospora italica,C.unilocularis,Diaporthe ravennica,Eutypella tamaricis,Neomicrosphaeropsis italica,N.novorossica,N.rossica,Keissleriella tamaricicola,Paracamarosporium tamaricis and Tamaricicola muriformis are introduced,while Alternaria tenuissima,Dothiorella sarmentorum,Neofusicoccum luteum,Paraepicoccum amazonense,Pleospora herbarum and Pseudocamarosporium propinquum are reported for the first time on Tamarix spp.with descriptions and illustrations.Multi-gene analyses show that Paraepicoccum amazonense should be placed in Pleosporineae,Pleosporales,where it is closely related to Camarosporium sensu stricto.Several herbarium specimens were studied to illustrate other fungal species recorded on Tamarix species.A comprehensive account of microfungi on Tamarix is provided,which includes a list with data from the literature,as well as those identified in the present study.The taxonomic placement of most taxa discussed in this study is based on a modern taxonomic framework based on analysis of multi-gene sequence data.展开更多
Leptosphaeriaceae is a family in the order Pleosporales comprising economically important plant pathogens.Species may also be endophytes or saprobes on various host plants.In recent classifications Alternariaster,Lept...Leptosphaeriaceae is a family in the order Pleosporales comprising economically important plant pathogens.Species may also be endophytes or saprobes on various host plants.In recent classifications Alternariaster,Leptosphaeria,Neophaeosphaeria,Paraleptosphaeria,Heterospora,Subplenodomus and Plenodomus were included in the family.The taxonomy of genera and species in Leptosphaeriaceae has been problematic due to the lack of understanding of the importance of morphological characters used to distinguish taxa,as well as the lack of reference strains.In order to establish evolutionary relationships and to provide a backbone tree for Leptosphaeria and allied genera,we sequenced the 18S nrDNA,28S nrDNA,ITS,RPB2,TEF and ACT gene regions of Leptosphaeriaceae species and analysed this data.Multi-locus phylogenies together with morphology robustly support the monophyletic nature of Leptosphaeriaceae among the other families in Pleosporales,and the inclusion of the genera Alternariaster,Heterospora,Leptosphaeria,Paraleptosphaeria,Sphaerellopsis,Subplenodomus,Plenodomus and three novel genera Alloleptosphaeria,Neoleptosphaeria and Pseudoleptosphaeria.Five new species,Alternariaster centaureae-diffusae,Leptosphaeria cichorium,Paraleptosphaeria rubi,Plenodomus guttulatus and P.salviae are introduced.An account of sexual morph of Alternariaster centaureae-diffusae is provided,and the sexual morph of Leptosphaeria doliolum is re-described and illustrated using modern concepts from fresh collections.A novel family Neophaeosphaeriaceae is established to accommodate the genus Neophaeosphaeria and its species.展开更多
This is the sixth in a series of papers where we bring collaborating mycologists together to produce a set of notes of several taxa of fungi.In this study we introduce a new family Fuscostagonosporaceae in Dothideomyc...This is the sixth in a series of papers where we bring collaborating mycologists together to produce a set of notes of several taxa of fungi.In this study we introduce a new family Fuscostagonosporaceae in Dothideomycetes.We also introduce the new ascomycete genera Acericola,Castellaniomyces,Dictyosporina and Longitudinalis and new species Acericola italica,Alternariaster trigonosporus,Amarenomyces dactylidis,Angustimassarina coryli,Astrocystis bambusicola,Castellaniomyces rosae,Chaetothyrina artocarpi,Chlamydotubeufia krabiensis,Colletotrichum lauri,Collodiscula chiangraiensis,Curvularia palmicola,Cytospora mali-sylvestris,Dictyocheirospora cheirospora,Dictyosporina ferruginea,Dothiora coronillae,Dothiora spartii,Dyfrolomyces phetchaburiensis,Epicoccum cedri,Epicoccum pruni,Fasciatispora calami,Fuscostagonospora cytisi,Grandibotrys hyalinus,Hermatomyces nabanheensis,Hongkongmyces thailandica,Hysterium rhizophorae,Jahnula guttulaspora,Kirschsteiniothelia rostrata,Koorchalomella salmonispora,Longitudinalis nabanheensis,Lophium zalerioides,Magnibotryascoma mali,Meliola clerodendri-infortunati,Microthyrium chinense,Neodidymelliopsis moricola,Neophaeocryptopus spartii,Nigrograna thymi,Ophiocordyceps cossidarum,Ophiocordyceps issidarum,Ophiosimulans plantaginis,Otidea pruinosa,Otidea stipitata,Paucispora kunmingense,Phaeoisaria microspora,Pleurothecium floriforme,Poaceascoma halophila,Periconia aquatica,Periconia submersa,Phaeosphaeria acaciae,Phaeopoacea muriformis,Pseudopithomyces kunmingnensis,Ramgea ozimecii,Sardiniella celtidis,Seimatosporium italicum,Setoseptoria scirpi,Torula gaodangensis and Vamsapriya breviconidiophora.We also provide an amended account of Rhytidhysteron to include apothecial ascomata and a J?hymenium.The type species of Ascotrichella hawksworthii(Xylariales genera incertae sedis),Biciliopsis leptogiicola(Sordariomycetes genera incertae sedis),Brooksia tropicalis(Micropeltidaceae),Bryochiton monascus(Teratosphaeriaceae),Bryomyces scapaniae(Pseudoperisporiaceae),Buelliella minimula(Dothideomycetes genera incertae sedis),Carinispora nypae(Pseudoastrosphaeriellaceae),Cocciscia hammeri(Verrucariaceae),Endoxylina astroidea(Diatrypaceae),Exserohilum turcicum(Pleosporaceae),Immotthia hypoxylon(Roussoellaceae),Licopolia franciscana(Vizellaceae),Murispora rubicunda(Amniculicolaceae)and Doratospora guianensis(synonymized under Rizalia guianensis,Trichosphaeriaceae)were reexamined and descriptions,illustrations and discussion on their familial placement are given based on phylogeny and morphological data.New host records or new country reports are provided for Chlamydotubeufia huaikangplaensis,Colletotrichum fioriniae,Diaporthe subclavata,Diatrypella vulgaris,Immersidiscosia eucalypti,Leptoxyphium glochidion,Stemphylium vesicarium,Tetraploa yakushimensis and Xepicula leucotricha.Diaporthe baccae is synonymized under Diaporthe rhusicola.A reference specimen is provided for Periconia minutissima.Updated phylogenetic trees are provided for most families and genera.We introduce the new basidiomycete species Agaricus purpurlesquameus,Agaricus rufusfibrillosus,Lactifluus holophyllus,Lactifluus luteolamellatus,Lactifluus pseudohygrophoroides,Russula benwooii,Russula hypofragilis,Russula obscurozelleri,Russula parapallens,Russula phoenicea,Russula pseudopelargonia,Russula pseudotsugarum,Russula rhodocephala,Russula salishensis,Steccherinum amapaense,Tephrocybella constrictospora,Tyromyces amazonicus and Tyromyces angulatus and provide updated trees to the genera.We also introduce Mortierella formicae in Mortierellales,Mucoromycota and provide an updated phylogenetic tree.展开更多
基金Funding was provided by Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China(Grant no.2014FY120100)Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Karst Science Research Center of Guizhou Province(Grant no.U1812401).
文摘Freshwater fungi comprises a highly diverse group of organisms occurring in freshwater habitats throughout the world.Dur-ing a survey of freshwater fungi on submerged wood in streams and lakes,a wide range of sexual and asexual species were collected mainly from karst regions in China and Thailand.Phylogenetic inferences using partial gene regions of LSU,ITS,SSU,TEF1α,and RPB2 sequences revealed that most of these fungi belonged to Dothideomycetes and Sordariomycetes and a few were related to Eurotiomycetes.Based on the morphology and multi-gene phylogeny,we introduce four new genera,viz.Aquabispora,Neocirrenalia,Ocellisimilis and Uvarisporella,and 47 new species,viz.Acrodictys chishuiensis,A.effusa,A.pyriformis,Actinocladium aquaticum,Annulatascus tratensis,Aquabispora setosa,Aqualignicola setosa,Aquimassario-sphaeria vermiformis,Ceratosphaeria flava,Chaetosphaeria polygonalis,Conlarium muriforme,Digitodesmium chishuiense,Ellisembia aquirostrata,Fuscosporella atrobrunnea,Halobyssothecium aquifusiforme,H.caohaiense,Hongkongmyces aquisetosus,Kirschsteiniothelia dushanensis,Monilochaetes alsophilae,Mycoenterolobium macrosporum,Myrmecridium splendidum,Neohelicascus griseoflavus,Neohelicomyces denticulatus,Neohelicosporium fluviatile,Neokalmusia aquib-runnea,Neomassariosphaeria aquimucosa,Neomyrmecridium naviculare,Neospadicoides biseptata,Ocellisimilis clavata,Ophioceras thailandense,Paragaeumannomyces aquaticus,Phialoturbella aquilunata,Pleurohelicosporium hyalinum,Pseudodactylaria denticulata,P.longidenticulata,P.uniseptata,Pseudohalonectria aurantiaca,Rhamphoriopsis aquimi-crospora,Setoseptoria bambusae,Shrungabeeja fluviatilis,Sporidesmium tratense,S.versicolor,Sporoschisma atroviride,Stanjehughesia aquatica,Thysanorea amniculi,Uvarisporella aquatica and Xylolentia aseptata,with an illustrated account,discussion of their taxonomic placement and comparison with morphological similar taxa.Seven new combinations are introduced,viz.Aquabispora grandispora(≡Boerlagiomyces grandisporus),A.websteri(≡Boerlagiomyces websteri),Cer-atosphaeria suthepensis(≡Pseudohalonectria suthepensis),Gamsomyces aquaticus(≡Pseudobactrodesmium aquaticum),G.malabaricus(≡Gangliostilbe malabarica),Neocirrenalia nigrospora(≡Cirrenalia nigrospora),and Rhamphoriopsis glauca(≡Chloridium glaucum).Ten new geographical records are reported in China and Thailand and nine species are first reported from freshwater habitats.Reference specimens are provided for Diplocladiella scalaroides and Neocirrenalia nigrospora(≡Cirrenalia nigrospora).Systematic placement of the previously introduced genera Actinocladium,Aqualigni-cola,and Diplocladiella is first elucidated based on the reference specimens and new collections.Species recollected from China and Thailand are also described and illustrated.The overall trees of freshwater Dothideomycetes and Sordariomycetes collected in this study are provided respectively and genera or family/order trees are constructed for selected taxa.
基金The Research of Featured Microbial Resources and Diversity Investigation in Southwest Karst area(Project No.2014FY120100)is gratefully thanked for financial support.
文摘This study documents the morphology and phylogeny of ascomycetes collected from karst landscapes of Guizhou Prov-ince,China.Based on morphological characteristics in conjunction with DNA sequence data,70 species are identified and distributed in two classes(Dothideomycetes and Sordariomycetes),16 orders,41 families and 60 genera.One order Plani-sphaeriales,four families Leptosphaerioidaceae,Neoleptosporellaceae,Planisphaeriaceae and Profundisphaeriaceae,ten genera Conicosphaeria,Karstiomyces,Leptosphaerioides,Neoceratosphaeria,Neodiaporthe,Neodictyospora,Planispha-eria,Profundisphaeria,Stellatus and Truncatascus,and 34 species(Amphisphaeria karsti,Anteaglonium hydei,Atracto-spora terrestris,Conicosphaeria vaginatispora,Corylicola hydei,Diaporthe cylindriformispora,Dictyosporium karsti,Hysterobrevium karsti,Karstiomyces guizhouensis,Leptosphaerioides guizhouensis,Lophiotrema karsti,Murispora hydei,Muyocopron karsti,Neoaquastroma guizhouense,Neoceratosphaeria karsti,Neodiaporthe reniformispora,Neodictyospora karsti,Neoheleiosa guizhouensis,Neoleptosporella fusiformispora,Neoophiobolus filiformisporum,Ophioceras guizhouen-sis,Ophiosphaerella karsti,Paraeutypella longiasca,Paraeutypella karsti,Patellaria guizhouensis,Planisphaeria karsti,Planisphaeria reniformispora,Poaceascoma herbaceum,Profundisphaeria fusiformispora,Pseudocoleophoma guizhouen-sis,Pseudopolyplosphaeria guizhouensis,Stellatus guizhouensis,Sulcatispora karsti and Truncatascus microsporus)are introduced as new to science.Moreover,13 new geographical records for China are also reported,which are Acrocalymma medicaginis,Annulohypoxylon thailandicum,Astrosphaeriella bambusae,Diaporthe novem,Hypoxylon rubiginosum,Ophio-sphaerella agrostidis,Ophiosphaerella chiangraiensis,Patellaria atrata,Polyplosphaeria fusca,Psiloglonium macrosporum,Sarimanas shirakamiense,Thyridaria broussonetiae and Tremateia chromolaenae.Additionally,the family Eriomycetaceae was resurrected as a non-lichenized family and accommodated within Monoblastiales.Detailed descriptions and illustrations of all these taxa are provided.
基金supported by NSFC(No.30960002 and No.31070020)Guizhou Scientific and Technological Project,China(QianKeHe NY Zi(2010)No.3067).Gang Tao acknowledges China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2011 M500421)+1 种基金supporting his research at CAS.Yuanying Su and Dianming Hu are sincerely thanked for the technical assistanceWe are very grateful to Dr.Roger G.Shivas,who gave valuable suggestions to this work during his academic visit to China(funded by NSFC 31110103906).
文摘Thirty-six strains of endophytic Colletotrichum species were isolated from leaves of Bletilla ochracea Schltr.(Orchidaceae)collected from 5 sites in Guizhou,China.Seventeen different species,including 7 new species(namely C.bletillum,C.caudasporum,C.duyunensis,C.endophytum,C.excelsum-altitudum and C.guizhouensis and C.ochracea),8 previously described species(C.boninense,C.cereale,C.destructivum,C.karstii,C.liriopes,C.miscanthi,C.parsonsiae and C.tofieldiae)and 2 sterile mycelia were identified.All of the taxa were identified based on morphology and phylogeny inferred from multi-locus sequences,including the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer(ITS)region,partial genes ofβ-tubulin(TUB2),actin(ACT)and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH).Comprehensive morphological descriptions and illustrations are provided for new species.Our investigation indicates a high diversity of Colletotrichum species in B.ochracea.
基金This work was funded by grants of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC 31210103919,31600032,31360015)Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province(LH[2015]7061)+6 种基金the Research of Featured Microbial Resources and Diversity Investigation in Southwest Karst area(Project No.2014FY120100.)Jian-Kui Liu thanks Dr.Bang Feng(Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Kunming,China)his valuable help with phylogenetic analysis.Dr.Rui-Lin Zhao and Dr.H.A.Ariyawansa are thanked for their valuable suggestions.Dr.Hong Luo is thanked for commenting the manuscript.K.D.Hyde thanks the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Project Number 2013T2S0030the award of Visiting Professorship for Senior International Scientists at Kunming Institute of Botany.K.D.Hyde also extends his appreciation to the Thailand Research Fund(TRF)Grant(RSA5980068)National Research Council of Thailand(NRCT)for Grants(60201000201592010200112)Alan JL Phillips acknowledges the support from Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute(BioISI,FCT/UID/Multi/04046/2013).
文摘The current classification system for the recognition of taxonomic ranks among fungi,especially at highranking level,is subjective.With the development of molecular approaches and the availability of fossil calibration data,the use of divergence times as a universally standardized criterion for ranking taxa has now become possible.We can therefore date the origin of Ascomycota lineages by using molecular clock methods and establish the divergence times for the orders and families of Dothideomycetes.We chose Dothideomycetes,the largest class of the phylum Ascomycota,which contains 32 orders,to establish ages at which points orders have split;and Pleosporales,the largest order of Dothideomycetes with 55 families,to establish family divergence times.We have assembled a multi-gene data set(LSU,SSU,TEF1 and RPB2)from 391 taxa representing most family groups of Dothideomycetes and utilized fossil calibration points solely from within the ascomycetes and a Bayesian approach to establish divergence times of Dothideomycetes lineages.Two separated datasets were analysed:(i)272 taxa representing 32 orders of Dothideomycetes were included for the order level analysis,and(ii)191 taxa representing 55 families of Pleosporales were included for the family level analysis.Our results indicate that divergence times(crown age)for most orders(20 out of 32,or 63%)are between 100 and 220 Mya,while divergence times for most families(39 out of 55,or 71%)are between 20 and 100 Mya.We believe that divergence times can provide additional evidence to support establishment of higher level taxa,such as families,orders and classes.Taking advantage of this added approach,we can strive towards establishing a standardized taxonomic system both within and outside Fungi.In this study we found that molecular dating coupled with phylogenetic inferences provides no support for the taxonomic status of two currently recognized orders,namely Bezerromycetales and Wiesneriomycetales and these are treated as synonyms of Tubeufiales while Asterotexiales is treated as a synonym of Asterinales.In addition,we provide an updated phylogenetic assessment of Dothideomycetes previously published as the Families of Dothideomycetes in 2013 with a further ten orders and 35 families.
基金the featured microbial resources and diversity investigation in Southwest Karst area(2014FY120100).The Biodiversity and Training Program(BRT R_251006,BRT R_351004,BRT_R352015)+3 种基金National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology(BIOTEC)Khlong Luang,Pathum Thani 12120,ThailandNational Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,No.30870009&31460011)the International Collaboration Plan of Guizhou Province(No.G[2012]7006)Ka-Lai Pang thanks the Ministry of Science and Technology,Taiwan(grant no.101-2621-B-019-001-MY3)for financial support.
文摘Sordariomycetes is one of the largest classes of Ascomycota that comprises a highly diverse range of fungi characterized mainly by perithecial ascomata and inoperculate unitunicate asci.The class includes many important plant pathogens,as well as endophytes,saprobes,epiphytes,coprophilous and fungicolous,lichenized or lichenicolous taxa.They occur in terrestrial,freshwater and marine habitats worldwide.This paper reviews the 107 families of the class Sordariomycetes and provides a modified backbone tree based on phylogenetic analysis of four combined loci,with a maximum five representative taxa from each family,where available.This paper brings together for the first time,since Barrs’1990 Prodromus,descriptions,notes on the history,and plates or illustrations of type or representative taxa of each family,a list of accepted genera,including asexual genera and a key to these taxa of Sordariomycetes.Delineation of taxa is supported where possible by molecular data.The outline is based on literature to the end of 2015 and the Sordariomycetes now comprises six subclasses,32 orders,105 families and 1331 genera.The family Obryzaceae and Pleurotremataceae are excluded from the class.
基金K.D.Hyde would like to thank the Thailand Research Fund grant no RSA5980068 entitled Biodiversity,phylogeny and role of fungal endophytes on above parts of Rhizophora apiculata and Nypa fruticans and the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Project Number 2013T2S0030,for the award of Visiting Professorship for Senior International Scientists at Kunming Institute of Botany.Financial support by the German Academic Exchange Service(DAAD)and the Thai Royal Golden Ph.D.Jubilee-Industry program(RGJ)for a joint TRF-DAAD PPP(2012-2014)academic exchange grant to K.D.Hyde and M.Stadler,and the RGJ for a personal grant to B.Thongbai(No.Ph.D/0138/2553 in 4.S.MF/53/A.3)is gratefully acknowledged.Chayanard Phukhamsakda(PHD/0020/2557)acknowledges the The Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D.Program under the Thailand Research Fund.Mingkwan Doilom acknowledges the Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D.Program(PHD./0072/2553 in 4.S.M.F./53/A.2)under the Thailand Research Fund.Ausana Mapook is grateful to Research and Researchers for Industries(RRI)PHD57I0012.Rungtiwa Phookamsak sincerely appreciates The Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D.Program(PHD/0090/2551 in 4.S.MF/51/A.1)under the Thailand Research Fund for financial support.Qi Zhao thanks the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31360015)the CAS/SAFEA International Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams,and the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.KSCX2-EW-Z-9 and KIB2016002)+11 种基金KNAR acknowledges support from the University Grants Commission(UGC),India,in the form of a Rajiv Gandhi National Fellowship(Grant No.F.14-2(SC)/2009(SA-III)(and the permissions given to him for collecting agaric specimens from the forests of Kerala by the Principal Chief Conservator of Forests,Government of Kerala(WL12-4042/2009 dated 05-08-2009)This Project was funded by the National Plan for Science,Technology and Innovation(MAARIFAH),King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,Award Number(12-BIO2840-02)B.K.Cui thanked for the finance by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2016ZCQ04)and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No.31422001)We would like to thank Dr.Marcela E.S.Cáceres for translating the German description of Clavulinopsis,the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientí-fico(CNPq)for the master scholarship of LSAN,the PósGraduac¸ǎo em Biologia de Fungos(UFPE,Brazil),CNPq(Protax 562106/2010-3,Sisbiota 563342/2010-2,Universal 472792/2011-3)FACEPE(APQ-0788-2.03/12)for financing this research.H.B.Lee was supported by the Graduate Program for the Undiscovered Taxa of Korea,and by the Project on Survey and Discovery of Indigenous Fungal Species of Korea,funded by NIBR and NNIBR of the Ministry of Environment(MOE),and in part by a fund from National Institute of Animal Science under Rural Development Administration,Republic of Korea.Aniket Ghosh,Priyanka Uniyal and R.P.Bhatt are grateful to the Head,Department of Botany&Microbiology,HNB Garhwal University,Srinagar Garhwal for providing all kinds of facilities during the present study.Kanad Das and Abhishek Baghela are thankful to the Director,Botanical Survey of India,Kolkata and Director,MACS’Agharkar Research Institute,Pune respectively for providing facilities.UGC provided fellowship to Aniket Ghosh and Priyanka Unial.Field assistance rendered by Mr.Tahir Mehmood and Mr.Upendra Singh(HNBGU)are also duly acknowledged.Tuula Niskanen,Kare Liimatainen,Ilkka Kytövuori,Joe Ammirati,Ba´lint Dima,and Dimitar Bojantchev would like to acknowledge Heino Vänskäfor the help with nomenclature.We are grateful to the curators of H and S.This work was partially supported by the Ministry of Environment,Finland(YM38/5512/2009)and OskarÖflunds Stiftelse.The authors thanks Dr.Kerstin Voigt for the inestimable help in critical reviewing the lower fungi entries,the Coordenac¸ǎo de Aperfeic¸oamento de Pessoal de Nı´vel Superior(CAPES)and Fundac¸ǎo de AmparoàCiência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco(FACEPE)for the postgraduate scholarships to Diogo X.Lima and Carlos A.F.de Souza,respectively.We also thank Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico(CNPq)and FACEPE for financial support through the projects:‘Mucoromycotina in upland forests from the semi-arid of Pernambuco’(CNPq-458391/2014-0),and‘Diversity of Mucoromycotina in different ecosystems of the Pernambuco’s Atlantic Rainforest’(FACEPE-APQ 0842-2.12/14).Z.L Luo and H.Y Su would like to thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project ID:31460015)for financial support on Study of the distribution pattern and driving factors of aquatic fungal diversity in the region of Three Parallel Rivers.C.Phukhamsakda would like to thank Dr.Matthew P.Nelsen for his valuable suggestions.Saranyaphat Boonmee thanks to the Thailand Research Fund,project number TRG5880152 and Mae Fah Luang University for a Grant Number 2559A30702006C.G.Lin and Y.Wang thank for the finance by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.NSFC 31560489)Fundamental Research on Science and Technology,Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2014FY120100)Haixia Wu would like to thank Dr.Shaun Pennycook for his kindly nomenclatural review and thanked for the finance by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No.31300019)S.C.Karunarathna,P.E.Mortimer and J.C.Xu would like to thank the World Agroforestry Centre,East and Central Asia OfficeKey Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia,Kunming Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciencethe ChineseMinistry of Science and Technology,under the 12th 5-year National Key Technology Support Program(NKTSP)2013 BAB07B06 integration and comprehensive demonstration of key technologies on Green Phosphate-mountaion Construction and the CGIAR Research Program 6:Forest,Trees and Agroforestry for partial funding.The National Research Council of Thailand(NRCT),projects-Taxonomy,phylogeny and cultivation of Lentinus species in northern Thailand(NRCT/55201020007)is also thanked.K.Tanaka and A.Hashimoto would like to thank the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS,26291084,16K07474,16J07243).
文摘This is a continuity of a series of taxonomic papers where materials are examined,described and novel combinations are proposed where necessary to improve our traditional species concepts and provide updates on their classification.In addition to extensive morphological descriptions and appropriate asexual and sexual connections,DNA sequence data are also analysed from concatenated datasets(rDNA,TEF-a,RBP2 and b-Tubulin)to infer phylogenetic relationships and substantiate systematic position of taxa within appropriate ranks.Wherever new species or combinations are being proposed,we apply an integrative approach(morphological and molecular data as well as ecological features wherever applicable).Notes on 125 fungal taxa are compiled in this paper,including eight new genera,101 new species,two new combinations,one neotype,four reference specimens,new host or distribution records for eight species and one alternative morphs.The new genera introduced in this paper are Alloarthopyrenia,Arundellina,Camarosporioides,Neomassaria,Neomassarina,Neotruncatella,Paracapsulospora and Pseudophaeosphaeria.The new species are Alfaria spartii,Alloarthopyrenia italica,Anthostomella ravenna,An.thailandica,Arthrinium paraphaeospermum,Arundellina typhae,Aspergillus koreanus,Asterina cynometrae,Bertiella ellipsoidea,Blastophorum aquaticum,Cainia globosa,Camarosporioides phragmitis,Ceramothyrium menglunense,Chaetosphaeronema achilleae,Chlamydotubeufia helicospora,Ciliochorella phanericola,Clavulinopsis aurantiaca,Colletotrichum insertae,Comoclathris italica,Coronophora myricoides,Cortinarius fulvescentoideus,Co.nymphatus,Co.pseudobulliardioides,Co.tenuifulvescens,Cunninghamella gigacellularis,Cyathus pyristriatus,Cytospora cotini,Dematiopleospora alliariae,De.cirsii,Diaporthe aseana,Di.garethjonesii,Distoseptispora multiseptata,Dis.tectonae,Dis.tectonigena,Dothiora buxi,Emericellopsis persica,Gloniopsis calami,Helicoma guttulatum,Helvella floriforma,H.oblongispora,Hermatomyces subiculosa,Juncaceicola italica,Lactarius dirkii,Lentithecium unicellulare,Le.voraginesporum,Leptosphaeria cirsii,Leptosphaeria irregularis,Leptospora galii,Le.thailandica,Lindgomyces pseudomadisonensis,Lophiotrema bambusae,Lo.fallopiae,Meliola citri-maximae,Minimelanolocus submersus,Montagnula cirsii,Mortierella fluviae,Muriphaeosphaeria ambrosiae,Neodidymelliopsis ranunculi,Neomassaria fabacearum,Neomassarina thailandica,Neomicrosphaeropsis cytisi,Neo.cytisinus,Neo.minima,Neopestalotiopsis cocoe¨s,Neopestalotiopsis musae,Neoroussoella lenispora,Neotorula submersa,Neotruncatella endophytica,Nodulosphaeria italica,Occultibambusa aquatica,Oc.chiangraiensis,Ophiocordyceps hemisphaerica,Op.lacrimoidis,Paracapsulospora metroxyli,Pestalotiopsis sequoiae,Peziza fruticosa,Pleurotrema thailandica,Poaceicola arundinis,Polyporus mangshanensis,Pseudocoleophoma typhicola,Pseudodictyosporium thailandica,Pseudophaeosphaeria rubi,Purpureocillium sodanum,Ramariopsis atlantica,Rhodocybe griseoaurantia,Rh.indica,Rh.luteobrunnea,Russula indoalba,Ru.pseudoamoenicolor,Sporidesmium aquaticivaginatum,Sp.olivaceoconidium,Sp.pyriformatum,Stagonospora forlicesenensis,Stagonosporopsis centaureae,Terriera thailandica,Tremateia arundicola,Tr.guiyangensis,Trichomerium bambusae,Tubeufia hyalospora,Tu.roseohelicospora and Wojnowicia italica.New combinations are given for Hermatomyces mirum and Pallidocercospora thailandica.A neotype is proposed for Cortinarius fulvescens.Reference specimens are given for Aquaphila albicans,Leptospora rubella,Platychora ulmi and Meliola pseudosasae,while new host or distribution records are provided for Diaporthe eres,Di.siamensis,Di.foeniculina,Dothiorella iranica,Do.sarmentorum,Do.vidmadera,Helvella tinta and Vaginatispora fuckelii,with full taxonomic details.An asexual state is also reported for the first time in Neoacanthostigma septoconstrictum.This paper contributes to a more comprehensive update and improved identification of many ascomycetes and basiodiomycetes.
基金This research was supported by Featured microbial resources and diversity investigation in Southwest Karst area(2014FY120100).The authors extend their sincere appreciations to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for its funding this Prolific Research Group(PRG-1436-09).Kevin D.Hyde thanks the Chinese Academy of Sciences,project number 2013T2S0030,for the award of Visiting Professorship for Senior International Scientists at Kunming Institute of Botany.B.D.Shenoy acknowledges the funding to visit Mae Fah Luang University,Chiang Rai under Indo-Thailand Bilateral Programme(THAI-1205).Y.P.Xiao and T.C.Wen are grateful to The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31460012&No.31200016).Shi-Ke Huang and J.C.Kang are grateful to the Agricultural Science and Technology Foundation of Guizhou Province(Nos.NY[2013]3042),the International Collaboration Plan of Guizhou Province(No.G[2012]7006)and the Innovation Team Construction for Science And Technology of Guizhou Province(No.[2012]4007)from the Science and Technology Department of Guizhou Province,China.
文摘Sordariomycetes is one of the largest classes of Ascomycota and is characterised by perithecial ascomata and inoperculate unitunicate asci.The class includes many important plant pathogens,as well as endophytes,saprobes,epiphytes,and fungicolous,lichenized or lichenicolous taxa.The class includes freshwater,marine and terrestrial taxa and has a worldwide distribution.This paper provides an updated outline of the Sordariomycetes and a backbone tree incorporating asexual and sexual genera in the class.Based on phylogeny and morphology we introduced three subclasses;Diaporthomycetidae,Lulworthiomycetidae and Meliolomycetidae and five orders;Amplistromatales,Annulatascales,Falcocladiales,Jobellisiales and Togniniales.The outline is based on literature to the end of 2014 and the backbone tree published in this paper.Notes for 397 taxa with information,such as new family and genera novelties,novel molecular data published since the Outline of Ascomycota 2009,and new links between sexual and asexual genera and thus synonymies,are provided.The Sordariomycetes now comprises six subclasses,28 orders,90 families and 1344 genera.In addition a list of 829 genera with uncertain placement in Sordariomycetesis also provided.
基金Kevin D.Hyde thanks the Chinese Academy of Sciences,project number 2013T2S0030,for the award of Visiting Professorship for Senior International Scientists at Kunming Institute of Botany.
文摘The genera Lophiostoma,Misturatosphaeria and several other allied taxa in Lophiostomataceae are revisited.Accounts of these taxa,including their history,morphology,and family placement,based on molecular phylogeny,are provided.Type or representative specimens of Lophiostoma and Misturatosphaeria were examined and fresh specimens were obtained from Germany,Italy,Japan and Thailand.A multi-gene phylogenetic analysis of the lophiostomataceous genera Floricola,Lophiostoma,Misturatosphaeria and related taxa is provided.Sixteen genera including Lophiostoma,Lophiohelichrysum,Dimorphiopsis,Platystomum and Vaginatispora,plus eleven newly introduced genera Biappendiculispora,Alpestrisphaeria,Capulatispora,Coelodictyosporium,Guttulispora,Lophiopoacea,Neotrematosphaeria,Paucispora,Pseudolophiostoma,Pseudoplatystomum and Sigarispora are accepted in Lophiostomataceae based on morphology and phylogeny.Lophiostoma caulium,Lophiostoma arundinis and Lophiostoma caudatum are accommodated in Sigarispora.Lophiostoma winteri and Lophiostoma fuckelii are placed in the genera Lophiopoacea and Vaginatispora respectively.Three Curreya species and Misturatosphaeria claviformis are transferred to a new genus,Neocurreya.All other Misturatosphaeria species except Misturatosphaeria aurantiinotata and M.uniseptata are separated in the new genera Asymmetrispora,Aurantiascoma,Magnibotryascoma,Pseudoaurantiascoma and Pseudomisturatosphaeria based on their morphological and phylogenetic affinities.Another new genus,Ramusculicola is introduced for a new collection from Thailand.These seven new genera are accommodated in a new family Floricolaceae,together with Floricola and Misturatosphaeria.Several massarina-like species clustered as a sister clade to Amorosia littoralis and are accommodated in a new genus Angustimassarina.A new family Amorosiaceae is proposed to accommodate the genera Amorosia and Angustimassarina.The putatively named species Decaisnella formosa and Thyridaria macrostomoides form a separate clade together with a new genus Lignosphaeria which is placed in Dothideomycetes,genera incertae sedis.
文摘The type specimens or representative specimens of the potentially dothidealean genera Bagnisiella,Botryochora,Coccostromella,Columnosphaeria,Delphinel la,Dictyodothis,Discosphaerina,Dothidea,Dothiora,Endodothiora,Jaffuela,Mycoporis,Omphalospora,Pachysacca,Plowrightia,Saccothecium,Stylodothis,Sydowia and Yoshinagaia were examined while,fresh specimens of Aureobasidium pullulans,Dothidea insculpta,Plowrightia ribesia and Saccothecium sepincola were made from Italy and Thailand.An introduction and the history of these genera,their family placement,morphology,and molecular phylogeny are provided.Morphology plus GenBank data are used to provide a systematic treatment of Dothideales.Phylogenetic analysis of LSU,SSU and ITS gene regions was carried out and in the resulting phylogenetic tree the taxa cluster in two clades with high bootstrap support.Clade A comprises Dothideaceae,the family type of Dothideales.The family Dothioraceae is not recognized as a distinct family and is synonymized under Dothideaceae.Neocylindroseptoria is introduced to accommodate Cylindroseptoria pistaciae as it forms a well-supported distinct clade in Dothideaceae.Clade B comprises Aureobasidium,Kabatiella,Pseudoseptoria,Saccothecium and Selenophoma species and Columnosphaeria fagi,for which we propose a new family,Aureobasidiaceae.The recently introduced Sydowia eucalypti also clustered within Clade B and therefore based on morphology and molecular phylogeny a new genus Pseudosydowia is introduced for Sydowia eucalypti.Celosporium laricicola is separated in a distinct clade,and therefore it is placed in Dothideales,genera,incertae sedis.The genera Bagnisiella,Botryochora,Coccostromella,Jaffuela,Lucidascocarpa,Mycoporis,Omphalospora,Pachysacca and Yoshinagaia are excluded from Dothideales and their placements are discussed.
基金support and providing postgraduate scholarship support to Kasun M.Thambugala.Kevin D.Hyde thanks the Chinese Academy of Sciences(project number 2013T2S0030)the award of Visiting Professorship for Senior International Scientists at Kunming Institute of Botany.The authors extend their sincere appreciations to the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University for its funding this Prolific Research Group(PRG-1436-09)The authors would like to thank the featured microbial resources and diversity investigation in Southwest Karst area(2014FY120100)。
文摘Tamarix species are small trees that grow in various natural habitats and have a wide geographic distribution.Microfungal species previously found on Tamarix and recently collected in Italy and Russia were identified based on morphological characters and analyses of gene sequence data.The sexual morph of the coelomycetous genus Homortomyces was collected for the first time and is described and illustrated.A new family,Homortomycetaceae(Dothideomycetes,families incertae sedis)is introduced to accommodate Homortomyces.Two new genera Neomicrosphaeropsis(Didymellaceae)and Tamaricicola(Pleosporaceae)are introduced in this paper.Phoma tamaricicola was recollected and is placed in Neomicrosphaeropsis based on morphology and molecular data.Ten new species,Cytospora italica,C.unilocularis,Diaporthe ravennica,Eutypella tamaricis,Neomicrosphaeropsis italica,N.novorossica,N.rossica,Keissleriella tamaricicola,Paracamarosporium tamaricis and Tamaricicola muriformis are introduced,while Alternaria tenuissima,Dothiorella sarmentorum,Neofusicoccum luteum,Paraepicoccum amazonense,Pleospora herbarum and Pseudocamarosporium propinquum are reported for the first time on Tamarix spp.with descriptions and illustrations.Multi-gene analyses show that Paraepicoccum amazonense should be placed in Pleosporineae,Pleosporales,where it is closely related to Camarosporium sensu stricto.Several herbarium specimens were studied to illustrate other fungal species recorded on Tamarix species.A comprehensive account of microfungi on Tamarix is provided,which includes a list with data from the literature,as well as those identified in the present study.The taxonomic placement of most taxa discussed in this study is based on a modern taxonomic framework based on analysis of multi-gene sequence data.
文摘Leptosphaeriaceae is a family in the order Pleosporales comprising economically important plant pathogens.Species may also be endophytes or saprobes on various host plants.In recent classifications Alternariaster,Leptosphaeria,Neophaeosphaeria,Paraleptosphaeria,Heterospora,Subplenodomus and Plenodomus were included in the family.The taxonomy of genera and species in Leptosphaeriaceae has been problematic due to the lack of understanding of the importance of morphological characters used to distinguish taxa,as well as the lack of reference strains.In order to establish evolutionary relationships and to provide a backbone tree for Leptosphaeria and allied genera,we sequenced the 18S nrDNA,28S nrDNA,ITS,RPB2,TEF and ACT gene regions of Leptosphaeriaceae species and analysed this data.Multi-locus phylogenies together with morphology robustly support the monophyletic nature of Leptosphaeriaceae among the other families in Pleosporales,and the inclusion of the genera Alternariaster,Heterospora,Leptosphaeria,Paraleptosphaeria,Sphaerellopsis,Subplenodomus,Plenodomus and three novel genera Alloleptosphaeria,Neoleptosphaeria and Pseudoleptosphaeria.Five new species,Alternariaster centaureae-diffusae,Leptosphaeria cichorium,Paraleptosphaeria rubi,Plenodomus guttulatus and P.salviae are introduced.An account of sexual morph of Alternariaster centaureae-diffusae is provided,and the sexual morph of Leptosphaeria doliolum is re-described and illustrated using modern concepts from fresh collections.A novel family Neophaeosphaeriaceae is established to accommodate the genus Neophaeosphaeria and its species.
基金The authors extend their appreciation to the International Scientific Partnership Program ISPP at King Saud University for funding this research work through ISPP#0089.Kevin D.Hyde would like to thank the Molecular Biology Experimental Center for the help on molecular work,the Mushroom Research Foundation(MRF),Chiang Rai,Thailand,the Thailand Research Fund grant no RSA5980068 entitled Biodiversity,Phylogeny and role of fungal endophytes on above parts of Rhizophora apiculata and Nypa fruticans,the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Project Number 2013T2S0030for the award of Visiting Professorship for Senior International Scientists at Kunming Institute of Botany and Mae Fah Luang University for a grants“Biodiversity,phylogeny and role of fungal endophytes of Pandanaceae”(Grant number:592010200112)+11 种基金“Diseases of mangrove trees and maintenance of good forestry practice”(Grant number:60201000201 for supporting this study.K.D.Hyde is an Adjunct Professor at Chiang Mai University.Financial support by the German Academic Exchange Service(DAAD)and the Thai Royal Golden Ph.D.Jubilee-Industry program(RGJ)for a joint TRF-DAAD PPP(2012-2014)academic exchange grant to Kevin D.Hyde and Marc Stadler,and the RGJ for a personal grant to Benjarong Thongbai(No.Ph.D/0138/2553 in 4.S.MF/53/A.3)is gratefully acknowledged.Satinee Suetrong thanks to Apilux Loilong for collecting samples.This work was supported by the TRF/BIOTEC program for Biodiversity Research and Training Grant BRT R_352112,R_249001,R_251006.For their continued interest and support we also thank BIOTEC,Prof.Morakot Tanticharoen,Dr.Kanyawim Kirtikara and Dr.Lily Eurwilaichitr.Rungtiwa Phookamsak expresses appreciation to The CAS President’s International Fellowship for Postdoctoral Researchers,project number 2017PB0072the Research Fund from China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.Y71B283261)and Chiang Mai University for financial supportWe would like to thank DrsRobert Lucking,AndreAptroot and Cecile Gueidan for available suggestion.Saranyaphat Boonmee would like to thank the National Research Council of Thailand(no.2560A30702021)the Thailand Research Fund(Project No.TRG5880152)Chayanard Phukhamsakda would like to thank Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D.Program under Thailand Research Fund,for the award of a scholarship no.PHD/0020/2557.Ausana Mapook is grateful to Research and Researchers for Industries(RRI)PHD57I0012.Ting-Chi Wen and Yuan-Pin Xiao are grateful to The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31460012 and 3161113034)Samantha C.Karunarathna thanks Yunnan Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security funded postdoctoral project(Number 179122)for supporting his postdoctoral research study.Ivana Kusan and Zdenko Tkalcec have been partially supported by Croatian Science Foundation under the project HRZZIP-11-2013-2202(ACCTA)We would also like to thank Roman Ozimec and Najla Bakovicfor collecting the samples and partially Oikon Ltd.for financing the fieldwork.We would like to thank Dr.Shaun Pennycook for checking most of the Latin names.Qing Tian and Putarak Chomnunti extend their sincere thanks to the National Research Council of Thailand(grant for Dothideomycetes No.2560A30702014)Putarak Chomnunti would like to thanks for Thailand Research Fund grant no.MRG6080089Dr.Rajesh Jeewon is grateful to University of Mauritius and Mae Fah Luang University for research support.Olinto L.Pereira thank the CAPES,CNPq and FAPEMIG for financial support and ICMBio/FLONA-Paraopeba for providing facilities and permits for the exploration surveys of the mycodiversity in their protected areas.Young Woon Lim and Hyun Lee are grateful to the National Institute of Biological Resources(NIBR 20171104)Republic of Korea.The study was partially supported by the National Science Centre,Poland under grant No.2015/17/D/NZ8/00778 to Julia Pawłowska and UMO-2016/23/B/NZ8/00897 to Marta Wrzosek.Anna Bazzicalupo,Bart Buyck,Daniel Miller and Mary L.Berbee thank WTU and the Burke Museum for scanned images of Benjamin Woo’s datasheets and photographs of Russula specimens and for the loan of Woo’s specimens.Mary L.Berbee acknowledges support by Discovery Grant RGPIN-2016-03746National Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada.Anna Bazzicalupo acknowledges the student grants for field work and study abroad from the NSERC CREATE Training Program in Biodiversity Research,Sonoma County Mycological Association Student Grant,and Daniel E.Stuntz Memorial Foundation Individual Grant.The Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(grant number QYZDY-SSW-SMC014)is also thanked for support.
文摘This is the sixth in a series of papers where we bring collaborating mycologists together to produce a set of notes of several taxa of fungi.In this study we introduce a new family Fuscostagonosporaceae in Dothideomycetes.We also introduce the new ascomycete genera Acericola,Castellaniomyces,Dictyosporina and Longitudinalis and new species Acericola italica,Alternariaster trigonosporus,Amarenomyces dactylidis,Angustimassarina coryli,Astrocystis bambusicola,Castellaniomyces rosae,Chaetothyrina artocarpi,Chlamydotubeufia krabiensis,Colletotrichum lauri,Collodiscula chiangraiensis,Curvularia palmicola,Cytospora mali-sylvestris,Dictyocheirospora cheirospora,Dictyosporina ferruginea,Dothiora coronillae,Dothiora spartii,Dyfrolomyces phetchaburiensis,Epicoccum cedri,Epicoccum pruni,Fasciatispora calami,Fuscostagonospora cytisi,Grandibotrys hyalinus,Hermatomyces nabanheensis,Hongkongmyces thailandica,Hysterium rhizophorae,Jahnula guttulaspora,Kirschsteiniothelia rostrata,Koorchalomella salmonispora,Longitudinalis nabanheensis,Lophium zalerioides,Magnibotryascoma mali,Meliola clerodendri-infortunati,Microthyrium chinense,Neodidymelliopsis moricola,Neophaeocryptopus spartii,Nigrograna thymi,Ophiocordyceps cossidarum,Ophiocordyceps issidarum,Ophiosimulans plantaginis,Otidea pruinosa,Otidea stipitata,Paucispora kunmingense,Phaeoisaria microspora,Pleurothecium floriforme,Poaceascoma halophila,Periconia aquatica,Periconia submersa,Phaeosphaeria acaciae,Phaeopoacea muriformis,Pseudopithomyces kunmingnensis,Ramgea ozimecii,Sardiniella celtidis,Seimatosporium italicum,Setoseptoria scirpi,Torula gaodangensis and Vamsapriya breviconidiophora.We also provide an amended account of Rhytidhysteron to include apothecial ascomata and a J?hymenium.The type species of Ascotrichella hawksworthii(Xylariales genera incertae sedis),Biciliopsis leptogiicola(Sordariomycetes genera incertae sedis),Brooksia tropicalis(Micropeltidaceae),Bryochiton monascus(Teratosphaeriaceae),Bryomyces scapaniae(Pseudoperisporiaceae),Buelliella minimula(Dothideomycetes genera incertae sedis),Carinispora nypae(Pseudoastrosphaeriellaceae),Cocciscia hammeri(Verrucariaceae),Endoxylina astroidea(Diatrypaceae),Exserohilum turcicum(Pleosporaceae),Immotthia hypoxylon(Roussoellaceae),Licopolia franciscana(Vizellaceae),Murispora rubicunda(Amniculicolaceae)and Doratospora guianensis(synonymized under Rizalia guianensis,Trichosphaeriaceae)were reexamined and descriptions,illustrations and discussion on their familial placement are given based on phylogeny and morphological data.New host records or new country reports are provided for Chlamydotubeufia huaikangplaensis,Colletotrichum fioriniae,Diaporthe subclavata,Diatrypella vulgaris,Immersidiscosia eucalypti,Leptoxyphium glochidion,Stemphylium vesicarium,Tetraploa yakushimensis and Xepicula leucotricha.Diaporthe baccae is synonymized under Diaporthe rhusicola.A reference specimen is provided for Periconia minutissima.Updated phylogenetic trees are provided for most families and genera.We introduce the new basidiomycete species Agaricus purpurlesquameus,Agaricus rufusfibrillosus,Lactifluus holophyllus,Lactifluus luteolamellatus,Lactifluus pseudohygrophoroides,Russula benwooii,Russula hypofragilis,Russula obscurozelleri,Russula parapallens,Russula phoenicea,Russula pseudopelargonia,Russula pseudotsugarum,Russula rhodocephala,Russula salishensis,Steccherinum amapaense,Tephrocybella constrictospora,Tyromyces amazonicus and Tyromyces angulatus and provide updated trees to the genera.We also introduce Mortierella formicae in Mortierellales,Mucoromycota and provide an updated phylogenetic tree.