<p style="margin-left:10.0pt;"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">The combustion of MSW contains several species which if liberated into the flue gas w</span><span style="...<p style="margin-left:10.0pt;"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">The combustion of MSW contains several species which if liberated into the flue gas w</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ill</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> participate in erosion-corrosion reactions with the alloy surface and with the oxide layers. Actually with the evolution of material science </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and the discovery of 2D material</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, we can handle that situation as well as </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">possible. The graphene as 2D material present</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> a lot of advantage due to it physical properties such: melting point, boiling point and thermal conductivity, which </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">can help to manage the problem of low and middle temperature (100<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C -</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 300<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C) erosion-corrosion into the boiler wall of waste to energy. The aim of the study was focused on analyz</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ing</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> the resistance at low and middle temperature (100<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C - 300<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C) in the enclosed environment and the corrosion-erosion </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">resistance abilities of the graphene sheet as the 2D protective coating materi</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">al. This paper analyzed the possibility of using the graphene in the aggressive environment which is waste to energy boiler. The results obtained from this study after simulation using ANSYS software which is one of the best </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">software for simulations showed that Graphene protects the furnace walls</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> against corrosion-erosion for temperatures lower than 400<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C and that in the presence of certain impurities such as: sodium (Na), sulfur (S), chloride (Cl) and Phos</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">- </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">phorous (P), Sodium Chloride (NaCl), Hydrogen Chloride (HCl), Dioxide of Carbone (CO</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) and Dioxide of Sulfur (SO</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">).</span></span> </p> <span "=""><span></span><sub><span></span></sub><span></span><sub><span></span></sub><span></span></span>展开更多
A series of spiro-type hole transporting materials, spiro-OMe TAD, spiro-SMe TAD and spiro-OSMe TAD,with methoxy, methylsulfanyl or half methoxy and half methylsulfanyl terminal groups are designed and prepared. The i...A series of spiro-type hole transporting materials, spiro-OMe TAD, spiro-SMe TAD and spiro-OSMe TAD,with methoxy, methylsulfanyl or half methoxy and half methylsulfanyl terminal groups are designed and prepared. The impact of varied terminal groups on bulk properties, such as photophysical, electrochemical, thermal, hole extraction, and photovoltaic performance in perovskite solar cells is investigated.It is noted that the terminal groups of the hole transporting material with half methoxy and half methylsulfanyl exhibit a better device performance and decreased hysteresis compared with all methoxy or methylsulfanyl counterparts due to better film-forming ability and improved hole extraction capability.Promisingly, the spiro-OSMe TAD also shows comparable performance than high-purity commercial spiro-OMe TAD. Moreover, the highest power conversion efficiency of the optimized device employing spiro-OSMe TAD exceeding 20% has been achieved.展开更多
文摘<p style="margin-left:10.0pt;"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">The combustion of MSW contains several species which if liberated into the flue gas w</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ill</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> participate in erosion-corrosion reactions with the alloy surface and with the oxide layers. Actually with the evolution of material science </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and the discovery of 2D material</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, we can handle that situation as well as </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">possible. The graphene as 2D material present</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> a lot of advantage due to it physical properties such: melting point, boiling point and thermal conductivity, which </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">can help to manage the problem of low and middle temperature (100<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C -</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 300<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C) erosion-corrosion into the boiler wall of waste to energy. The aim of the study was focused on analyz</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ing</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> the resistance at low and middle temperature (100<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C - 300<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C) in the enclosed environment and the corrosion-erosion </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">resistance abilities of the graphene sheet as the 2D protective coating materi</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">al. This paper analyzed the possibility of using the graphene in the aggressive environment which is waste to energy boiler. The results obtained from this study after simulation using ANSYS software which is one of the best </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">software for simulations showed that Graphene protects the furnace walls</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> against corrosion-erosion for temperatures lower than 400<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C and that in the presence of certain impurities such as: sodium (Na), sulfur (S), chloride (Cl) and Phos</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">- </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">phorous (P), Sodium Chloride (NaCl), Hydrogen Chloride (HCl), Dioxide of Carbone (CO</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) and Dioxide of Sulfur (SO</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">2</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">).</span></span> </p> <span "=""><span></span><sub><span></span></sub><span></span><sub><span></span></sub><span></span></span>
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2020YFB1506400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61904053,51702096,U1705256,51961165106)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant Nos.2019MS026,2019MS027,2020MS080)。
文摘A series of spiro-type hole transporting materials, spiro-OMe TAD, spiro-SMe TAD and spiro-OSMe TAD,with methoxy, methylsulfanyl or half methoxy and half methylsulfanyl terminal groups are designed and prepared. The impact of varied terminal groups on bulk properties, such as photophysical, electrochemical, thermal, hole extraction, and photovoltaic performance in perovskite solar cells is investigated.It is noted that the terminal groups of the hole transporting material with half methoxy and half methylsulfanyl exhibit a better device performance and decreased hysteresis compared with all methoxy or methylsulfanyl counterparts due to better film-forming ability and improved hole extraction capability.Promisingly, the spiro-OSMe TAD also shows comparable performance than high-purity commercial spiro-OMe TAD. Moreover, the highest power conversion efficiency of the optimized device employing spiro-OSMe TAD exceeding 20% has been achieved.