Optical frequency comb with evenly spaced lines over a broad bandwidth has revolutionized the fields of optical metrology and spectroscopy.Here,we propose a fast interleaved dual-comb spectroscopy with sub-femtometer-...Optical frequency comb with evenly spaced lines over a broad bandwidth has revolutionized the fields of optical metrology and spectroscopy.Here,we propose a fast interleaved dual-comb spectroscopy with sub-femtometer-resolution and absolute frequency,in which two electro-optic frequency combs are swept.Electrically-modulated stabilized laser enables ultrahigh resolution of 0.16 fm(or 20 k Hz in optical frequency)and single-shot measurement in 90 ms.Total 20 million points are recorded spanning 3.2 nm(or 400 GHz)bandwidth,corresponding to a spectral sampling rate of 2.5×10^(8)points/s under Nyquist-limitation.Besides,considering the trade-off between the measurement time and spectral resolution,a fast single-shot measurement is also realized in 1.6 ms with 8 fm(or 1 MHz)resolution.We demonstrate the 25-averaged result with 30.6 d B spectral measurement signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)by reducing the filter bandwidth in demodulation.The results show great prospect for precise measurement with flexibly fast refresh time,high spectral resolution,and high SNR.展开更多
Spectroscopy is the basic tool for studying molecular physics and realizing biochemical sensing.However,it is challenging to realize sub-femtometer resolution spectroscopy over broad bandwidth.Broadband and high-resol...Spectroscopy is the basic tool for studying molecular physics and realizing biochemical sensing.However,it is challenging to realize sub-femtometer resolution spectroscopy over broad bandwidth.Broadband and high-resolution spectroscopy with calibrated optical frequency is demonstrated by bridging the fields of speckle pattern and electro-optic frequency comb.A wavemeter based on a whispering-gallery-mode barcode is proposed to link the frequencies of a probe continuous-wave laser and an ultrastable laser.The ultrafine electro-optic comb lines are generated from the probe laser to record spectrum of sample with sub-femtometer resolution.Measurement bandwidth is a thousandfold broader than comb bandwidth,by sequentially tuning the probe laser while its wavelength is determined.This approach fully exploits the advantages of two fields to realize 0.8-fm resolution with a fiber laser and 80-nm bandwidth with an external cavity diode laser.The spectroscopic measurements of an ultrahigh Q-factor cavity and gas molecular absorption are experimentally demonstrated.The compact system,predominantly constituted by few-gigahertz electronics and telecommunication components,shows enormous potential for practical spectroscopic applications.展开更多
Distributed acoustic sensing(DAS)technology has been a promising tool in various applications.Currently,the large size and relatively high cost of DAS equipment composed of discrete devices restrict its further popula...Distributed acoustic sensing(DAS)technology has been a promising tool in various applications.Currently,the large size and relatively high cost of DAS equipment composed of discrete devices restrict its further popularization to some degree,and the photonic integration technology offers a potential solution.In this paper,we demonstrate an integrated interrogator for DAS on the silicon-on-insulator(SOI)platform.The design of the chip revolves around a Mach–Zehnder modulator(MZM)transmitter and a dual-quadrature and dualpolarization coherent receiver.The integrated interrogator supports multiple DAS schemes,including the time-gated digital optical frequency domain reflectometry(TGD-OFDR),which is adopted for system performance evaluation.59■strain resolution in 12.1km sensing fiber with 1.14 m spatial resolution(SR)is realized.Besides,along 49.0 km sensing fiber,81■strain resolution with 3.78 m SR is achieved.The results show that the integrated interrogator has comparable performance to the discrete DAS system.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first dedicated on-chip DAS interrogator,which validates the effectiveness of the blend of photonics integration and DAS technology.展开更多
Recently,significantly raised interests have emerged for the 2μm waveband as an extended new window for fiber optic communication.Much research progress has been made on the photonic integrated circuits for the 2μm ...Recently,significantly raised interests have emerged for the 2μm waveband as an extended new window for fiber optic communication.Much research progress has been made on the photonic integrated circuits for the 2μm waveband,especially on the CMOS-compatible silicon-on-insulator wafer.In this work,a silicon integrated microring modulator(MRM)with record high-speed performances at the 2μm waveband was demonstrated.An L-shaped PN junction was specially designed for 2μm to achieve a high modulation efficiency with V_(π)L of 0.85V·cm.The measured 3 dB bandwidth is 18 GHz,supporting up to 50 Gbps signaling at 2μm.Additionally,optical bistability induced by the thermo-optical effect and nonlinear effects was analyzed theoretically and observed experimentally in the 2μm MRM for the first time to our knowledge.Nonlinear coupled mode theory and the Runge-Kutta method were used to simulate the behaviors of bistability in the 2μm MRM.The simulation and experimental results indicate that,when the MRM is launched by a high optical power,the distorted resonant spectrum under an optical bistable state deteriorates the modulation efficiency and signal performances.This work breaks the record of high-speed silicon MRM at 2μm,drawing a promising prospect for the silicon photonic integration and high-speed interconnection at the 2μm waveband,and it provides the referenceable analysis of optical bistability,which guides the design and experimental investigation of 2μm MRM.展开更多
The integration of high-speed optical communication and distributed sensing could bring intelligent functionalities to ubiquitous optical fibre networks,such as urban structure imaging,ocean seismic detection,and safe...The integration of high-speed optical communication and distributed sensing could bring intelligent functionalities to ubiquitous optical fibre networks,such as urban structure imaging,ocean seismic detection,and safety monitoring of underground embedded pipelines.This work demonstrates a scheme of integrated sensing and communication in an optical fibre(ISAC-OF)using the same wavelength channel for simultaneous data transmission and distributed vibration sensing.The scheme not only extends the intelligent functionality for optical fibre communication system,but also improves its transmission performance.A periodic linear frequency modulation(LFM)light is generated to act as the optical carrier and sensing probe in PAM4 signal transmission and phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry(Φ-OTDR),respectively.After a 24.5 km fibre transmission,the forward PAM4 signal and the carriercorrespondence Rayleigh backscattering signal are detected and demodulated.Experimental results show that the integrated solution achieves better transmission performance(~1.3 dB improvement)and a larger launching power(7 dB enhancement)at a 56 Gbit/s bit rate compared to a conventional PAM4 signal transmission.Meanwhile,a 4m spatial resolution,4.32-nε/√Hz strain resolution,and over 21 kHz frequency response for the vibration sensing are obtained.The proposed solution offers a new path to further explore the potential of existing or future fibre-optic networks by the convergence of data transmission and status sensing.In addition,such a scheme of using shared spectrum in communication and distributed optical fibre sensing may be used to measure non-linear parameters in coherent optical communications,offering possible benefits for data transmission.展开更多
We propose an integrated W-band transmitter enabled by an integrated dual-mode distributed feedback(DFB)laser and cascaded silicon photonic microring modulators for next-generation wireless communication.10 Gb/s error...We propose an integrated W-band transmitter enabled by an integrated dual-mode distributed feedback(DFB)laser and cascaded silicon photonic microring modulators for next-generation wireless communication.10 Gb/s error-free intensity modulation and direct detection W-band transmission are achieved in experiments by using the dual-mode DFB laser and two free-running lasers.Moreover,we conduct an experiment of dual-carrier modulation based on cascaded microring modulators,achieving 3 dB signal-to-noise ratio improvement and better signaling integrity for wireless communication.The proposed photonic integrated W-band transmitter will be a viable solution for a high-speed and low-power wireless communication system.展开更多
In this work,on-chip chalcogenide glass photonic integrations with several fundamental photonic building blocks are designed and fabricated based on the As2 S3 platform for improved 2μm optical interconnection,achiev...In this work,on-chip chalcogenide glass photonic integrations with several fundamental photonic building blocks are designed and fabricated based on the As2 S3 platform for improved 2μm optical interconnection,achieving a broadened wavelength bandwidth and improved fabrication tolerance.A 600 nm thick As2 S3 strip waveguide has low propagation loss of 1.447 dB/cm at 2μm.Broadband vertical coupling is realized by a grating coupler with 4.3 dB coupling loss.A Bragg grating filter,power splitter,Mach–Zander interferometer,and mode converter for on-chip mode division multiplexing(MDM)are also reported at 2μm with reliable performances.Finally,a record high MDM optical interconnection capacity of 3×80 Gbps at 2μm is experimentally demonstrated based on the proposed As2 S3 chip,drawing promising prospects for future photonic integration and high-speed interconnection at the 2μm waveband.展开更多
The miniaturization of the gyroscope is critical for spacecrafts,drones,wellbore surveys,etc.The resonant fiberoptic gyroscope(RFOG)is a competitive candidate due to its potential in both miniaturization and high reso...The miniaturization of the gyroscope is critical for spacecrafts,drones,wellbore surveys,etc.The resonant fiberoptic gyroscope(RFOG)is a competitive candidate due to its potential in both miniaturization and high resolution,while its actual performance is well below expectation because of laser-induced noise and complexity.Here we report the first navigation grade RFOG with a bias instability of 0.009°/h and an angle random walk of 0.0093°/√h.The results are realized using a fiber resonator with finesse of 63 containing 100-m long fiber.Compared with the traditional RFOGs using narrow-linewidth lasers,the key feature of the proposed RFOG is that it is driven with a broadband light source.A white-light multibeam interference method is proposed to detect the Sagnac effect,representing the simplest scheme of RFOG to date.The complexity caused by multiple feedback loops and coherent noise suppression in traditional RFOG scheme is avoided.The minimal scheme and simple modulation algorithm will also promote the on-chip waveguide gyroscope.展开更多
Accurate spectral measurement and wavelength determination are fundamental and vital for many fields.A compact spectrum analyzer with high performance is expected to meet the growing requirements,and speckle-based spe...Accurate spectral measurement and wavelength determination are fundamental and vital for many fields.A compact spectrum analyzer with high performance is expected to meet the growing requirements,and speckle-based spectrum analyzer is a potential solution.The basic principle is based on using the random medium to establish a speckle-to-wavelength mapping relationship for spectrum reconstruction.This article introduces current speckle-based spectrum analyzers with different schemes and reviews recent advances in this field.Besides,some applications by using speckle-based spectrum analyzers are also introduced.Finally,the existing challenges and the future prospects of using speckle for spectrum recovery are discussed.展开更多
Optical signaling without a high voltage driver for electric-optic modulation is in high demand to reduce power consumption,packaging complexity,and cost.In this work,we propose and experimentally demonstrate a silico...Optical signaling without a high voltage driver for electric-optic modulation is in high demand to reduce power consumption,packaging complexity,and cost.In this work,we propose and experimentally demonstrate a silicon mode-loop Mach–Zehnder modulator(ML-MZM) with record-high modulation efficiency.We used a mode-loop structure to recycle light twice in the phase shifter.With an L-shaped PN junction,a comparably large overlap between the PN junction and optical modes of both TE0 and TE1 was achieved to lower the driving voltage or decrease the photonic device size.Proof-of-concept high-efficiency modulation with low VπL of 0.37 V · cm was obtained.Subvoltage Vπcan be realized with a millimeter’s length phase shifter by this scheme,which makes the realization of CMOS-compatible driverless modulation highly possible.40 Gb/s signaling with a bit error rate below the 7% forward-error-correction threshold was then demonstrated with the fabricated ML-MZM,indicating great potential for high-speed optical communication.展开更多
基金funding from National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under Grant Nos.61775132,61735015,61620106015supported by the Major Key Project of Peng Cheng Laboratory(PCL)。
文摘Optical frequency comb with evenly spaced lines over a broad bandwidth has revolutionized the fields of optical metrology and spectroscopy.Here,we propose a fast interleaved dual-comb spectroscopy with sub-femtometer-resolution and absolute frequency,in which two electro-optic frequency combs are swept.Electrically-modulated stabilized laser enables ultrahigh resolution of 0.16 fm(or 20 k Hz in optical frequency)and single-shot measurement in 90 ms.Total 20 million points are recorded spanning 3.2 nm(or 400 GHz)bandwidth,corresponding to a spectral sampling rate of 2.5×10^(8)points/s under Nyquist-limitation.Besides,considering the trade-off between the measurement time and spectral resolution,a fast single-shot measurement is also realized in 1.6 ms with 8 fm(or 1 MHz)resolution.We demonstrate the 25-averaged result with 30.6 d B spectral measurement signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)by reducing the filter bandwidth in demodulation.The results show great prospect for precise measurement with flexibly fast refresh time,high spectral resolution,and high SNR.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Grant No. 62275151)
文摘Spectroscopy is the basic tool for studying molecular physics and realizing biochemical sensing.However,it is challenging to realize sub-femtometer resolution spectroscopy over broad bandwidth.Broadband and high-resolution spectroscopy with calibrated optical frequency is demonstrated by bridging the fields of speckle pattern and electro-optic frequency comb.A wavemeter based on a whispering-gallery-mode barcode is proposed to link the frequencies of a probe continuous-wave laser and an ultrastable laser.The ultrafine electro-optic comb lines are generated from the probe laser to record spectrum of sample with sub-femtometer resolution.Measurement bandwidth is a thousandfold broader than comb bandwidth,by sequentially tuning the probe laser while its wavelength is determined.This approach fully exploits the advantages of two fields to realize 0.8-fm resolution with a fiber laser and 80-nm bandwidth with an external cavity diode laser.The spectroscopic measurements of an ultrahigh Q-factor cavity and gas molecular absorption are experimentally demonstrated.The compact system,predominantly constituted by few-gigahertz electronics and telecommunication components,shows enormous potential for practical spectroscopic applications.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(62005163,U2239203)。
文摘Distributed acoustic sensing(DAS)technology has been a promising tool in various applications.Currently,the large size and relatively high cost of DAS equipment composed of discrete devices restrict its further popularization to some degree,and the photonic integration technology offers a potential solution.In this paper,we demonstrate an integrated interrogator for DAS on the silicon-on-insulator(SOI)platform.The design of the chip revolves around a Mach–Zehnder modulator(MZM)transmitter and a dual-quadrature and dualpolarization coherent receiver.The integrated interrogator supports multiple DAS schemes,including the time-gated digital optical frequency domain reflectometry(TGD-OFDR),which is adopted for system performance evaluation.59■strain resolution in 12.1km sensing fiber with 1.14 m spatial resolution(SR)is realized.Besides,along 49.0 km sensing fiber,81■strain resolution with 3.78 m SR is achieved.The results show that the integrated interrogator has comparable performance to the discrete DAS system.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first dedicated on-chip DAS interrogator,which validates the effectiveness of the blend of photonics integration and DAS technology.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(61875049,61875124,61935011)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFB1801004)Major Key Project of PCL(PCL2021A14).
文摘Recently,significantly raised interests have emerged for the 2μm waveband as an extended new window for fiber optic communication.Much research progress has been made on the photonic integrated circuits for the 2μm waveband,especially on the CMOS-compatible silicon-on-insulator wafer.In this work,a silicon integrated microring modulator(MRM)with record high-speed performances at the 2μm waveband was demonstrated.An L-shaped PN junction was specially designed for 2μm to achieve a high modulation efficiency with V_(π)L of 0.85V·cm.The measured 3 dB bandwidth is 18 GHz,supporting up to 50 Gbps signaling at 2μm.Additionally,optical bistability induced by the thermo-optical effect and nonlinear effects was analyzed theoretically and observed experimentally in the 2μm MRM for the first time to our knowledge.Nonlinear coupled mode theory and the Runge-Kutta method were used to simulate the behaviors of bistability in the 2μm MRM.The simulation and experimental results indicate that,when the MRM is launched by a high optical power,the distorted resonant spectrum under an optical bistable state deteriorates the modulation efficiency and signal performances.This work breaks the record of high-speed silicon MRM at 2μm,drawing a promising prospect for the silicon photonic integration and high-speed interconnection at the 2μm waveband,and it provides the referenceable analysis of optical bistability,which guides the design and experimental investigation of 2μm MRM.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFB1803500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(61735015,61860206006,62205275,62005228).
文摘The integration of high-speed optical communication and distributed sensing could bring intelligent functionalities to ubiquitous optical fibre networks,such as urban structure imaging,ocean seismic detection,and safety monitoring of underground embedded pipelines.This work demonstrates a scheme of integrated sensing and communication in an optical fibre(ISAC-OF)using the same wavelength channel for simultaneous data transmission and distributed vibration sensing.The scheme not only extends the intelligent functionality for optical fibre communication system,but also improves its transmission performance.A periodic linear frequency modulation(LFM)light is generated to act as the optical carrier and sensing probe in PAM4 signal transmission and phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry(Φ-OTDR),respectively.After a 24.5 km fibre transmission,the forward PAM4 signal and the carriercorrespondence Rayleigh backscattering signal are detected and demodulated.Experimental results show that the integrated solution achieves better transmission performance(~1.3 dB improvement)and a larger launching power(7 dB enhancement)at a 56 Gbit/s bit rate compared to a conventional PAM4 signal transmission.Meanwhile,a 4m spatial resolution,4.32-nε/√Hz strain resolution,and over 21 kHz frequency response for the vibration sensing are obtained.The proposed solution offers a new path to further explore the potential of existing or future fibre-optic networks by the convergence of data transmission and status sensing.In addition,such a scheme of using shared spectrum in communication and distributed optical fibre sensing may be used to measure non-linear parameters in coherent optical communications,offering possible benefits for data transmission.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFB1802903)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62175146,62235011)。
文摘We propose an integrated W-band transmitter enabled by an integrated dual-mode distributed feedback(DFB)laser and cascaded silicon photonic microring modulators for next-generation wireless communication.10 Gb/s error-free intensity modulation and direct detection W-band transmission are achieved in experiments by using the dual-mode DFB laser and two free-running lasers.Moreover,we conduct an experiment of dual-carrier modulation based on cascaded microring modulators,achieving 3 dB signal-to-noise ratio improvement and better signaling integrity for wireless communication.The proposed photonic integrated W-band transmitter will be a viable solution for a high-speed and low-power wireless communication system.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFB1801004)Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China(2018YFB1801003)+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(61675128,61875049,61875124,61935011,61975242)Guangzhou Science and Technology Program key projects(201904020048)Pearl River S&T Nova Program of Guangzhou(2017BT01X121)Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province(2019A1515010774)。
文摘In this work,on-chip chalcogenide glass photonic integrations with several fundamental photonic building blocks are designed and fabricated based on the As2 S3 platform for improved 2μm optical interconnection,achieving a broadened wavelength bandwidth and improved fabrication tolerance.A 600 nm thick As2 S3 strip waveguide has low propagation loss of 1.447 dB/cm at 2μm.Broadband vertical coupling is realized by a grating coupler with 4.3 dB coupling loss.A Bragg grating filter,power splitter,Mach–Zander interferometer,and mode converter for on-chip mode division multiplexing(MDM)are also reported at 2μm with reliable performances.Finally,a record high MDM optical interconnection capacity of 3×80 Gbps at 2μm is experimentally demonstrated based on the proposed As2 S3 chip,drawing promising prospects for future photonic integration and high-speed interconnection at the 2μm waveband.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFC1503703)National Natural Science Foundation of China (61620106015, 61875121,61975116)。
文摘The miniaturization of the gyroscope is critical for spacecrafts,drones,wellbore surveys,etc.The resonant fiberoptic gyroscope(RFOG)is a competitive candidate due to its potential in both miniaturization and high resolution,while its actual performance is well below expectation because of laser-induced noise and complexity.Here we report the first navigation grade RFOG with a bias instability of 0.009°/h and an angle random walk of 0.0093°/√h.The results are realized using a fiber resonator with finesse of 63 containing 100-m long fiber.Compared with the traditional RFOGs using narrow-linewidth lasers,the key feature of the proposed RFOG is that it is driven with a broadband light source.A white-light multibeam interference method is proposed to detect the Sagnac effect,representing the simplest scheme of RFOG to date.The complexity caused by multiple feedback loops and coherent noise suppression in traditional RFOG scheme is avoided.The minimal scheme and simple modulation algorithm will also promote the on-chip waveguide gyroscope.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant Nos.61775132,61735015,and 61620106015).
文摘Accurate spectral measurement and wavelength determination are fundamental and vital for many fields.A compact spectrum analyzer with high performance is expected to meet the growing requirements,and speckle-based spectrum analyzer is a potential solution.The basic principle is based on using the random medium to establish a speckle-to-wavelength mapping relationship for spectrum reconstruction.This article introduces current speckle-based spectrum analyzers with different schemes and reviews recent advances in this field.Besides,some applications by using speckle-based spectrum analyzers are also introduced.Finally,the existing challenges and the future prospects of using speckle for spectrum recovery are discussed.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFB1801004)National Natural Science Foundation of China (61875049, 61875124,61935011)The Major Key Project of PCL (PCL2021A14)。
文摘Optical signaling without a high voltage driver for electric-optic modulation is in high demand to reduce power consumption,packaging complexity,and cost.In this work,we propose and experimentally demonstrate a silicon mode-loop Mach–Zehnder modulator(ML-MZM) with record-high modulation efficiency.We used a mode-loop structure to recycle light twice in the phase shifter.With an L-shaped PN junction,a comparably large overlap between the PN junction and optical modes of both TE0 and TE1 was achieved to lower the driving voltage or decrease the photonic device size.Proof-of-concept high-efficiency modulation with low VπL of 0.37 V · cm was obtained.Subvoltage Vπcan be realized with a millimeter’s length phase shifter by this scheme,which makes the realization of CMOS-compatible driverless modulation highly possible.40 Gb/s signaling with a bit error rate below the 7% forward-error-correction threshold was then demonstrated with the fabricated ML-MZM,indicating great potential for high-speed optical communication.