Animal models of eosinophilic esophagitis,review and perspectives

Eosinophilic oesophagitis(EoE)is an allergen/immune-mediated chronic esophageal disease characterized by esophageal mucosal eosinophilic infiltration and esophageal dysfunction.Although the disease was originally attributed to a delayed allergic reaction to allergens and a Th2-type immune response,the exact pathogenesis is complex,and the efficacy of existing treatments is unsatisfactory.Therefore,the study of the pathophysiological process of EOE has received increasing attention.Animal models have been used extensively to study the molecular mechanism of EOE pathogenesis and also provide a preclinical platform for human clinical intervention studies of novel therapeutic agents.To maximize the use of existing animal models of EOE,it is important to understand the advantages or limitations of each modeling approach.This paper systematically describes the selection of experimental animals,types of allergens,and methods of sensitization and excitation during the preparation of animal models of EoE.It also discusses the utility and shortcomings of each model with the aim of providing the latest perspectives on EoE models and leading to better choices of animal models.

Effects of layer interactions on instantaneous stability of finite Stokes flows

The stability analysis of a finite Stokes layer is of practical importance in flow control. In the present work, the instantaneous stability of a finite Stokes layer with layer interactions is studied via a linear stability analysis of the frozen phases of the base flow. The oscillations of two plates can have different velocity amplitudes, initial phases, and frequencies. The effects of the Stokes-layer interactions on the stability when two plates oscillate synchronously are analyzed. The growth rates of two most unstable modes when δ < 0.12 are almost equal, and δ = δ*/h*, where δ*and h*are the Stokes-layer thickness and the half height of the channel, respectively. However, their vorticities are different. The vorticity of the most unstable mode is symmetric, while the other is asymmetric. The Stokes-layer interactions have a destabilizing effect on the most unstable mode when δ < 0.68, and have a stabilizing effect when δ > 0.68. However, the interactions always have a stabilizing effect on the other unstable mode. It is explained that one of the two unstable modes has much higher dissipation than the other one when the Stokes-layer interactions are strong. We also find that the stability of the Stokes layer is closely related to the inflectional points of the base-flow velocity profile. The effects of inconsistent velocity-amplitude, initial phase, and frequency of the oscillations on the stability are analyzed. The energy of the most unstable eigenvector is mainly distributed near the plate of higher velocity amplitude or higher oscillation frequency. The effects of the initial phase difference are complicated because the base-flow velocity is extremely sensitive to the initial phase.

An Intelligent Quality Control Method for Manufacturing Processes Based on a Human–Cyber–Physical Knowledge Graph

Quality management is a constant and significant concern in enterprises.Effective determination of correct solutions for comprehensive problems helps avoid increased backtesting costs.This study proposes an intelligent quality control method for manufacturing processes based on a human–cyber–physical(HCP)knowledge graph,which is a systematic method that encompasses the following elements:data management and classification based on HCP ternary data,HCP ontology construction,knowledge extraction for constructing an HCP knowledge graph,and comprehensive application of quality control based on HCP knowledge.The proposed method implements case retrieval,automatic analysis,and assisted decision making based on an HCP knowledge graph,enabling quality monitoring,inspection,diagnosis,and maintenance strategies for quality control.In practical applications,the proposed modular and hierarchical HCP ontology exhibits significant superiority in terms of shareability and reusability of the acquired knowledge.Moreover,the HCP knowledge graph deeply integrates the provided HCP data and effectively supports comprehensive decision making.The proposed method was implemented in cases involving an automotive production line and a gear manufacturing process,and the effectiveness of the method was verified by the application system deployed.Furthermore,the proposed method can be extended to other manufacturing process quality control tasks.

Application of mesenchymal stem cell therapy for premature ovarian insufficiency: Recent advances from mechanisms to therapeutics

The incidence of premature ovarian insufficiency(POI)is increasing worldwide,particularly among younger women,posing a significant challenge to fertility.In addition to menopausal symptoms,POI leads to several complications that profoundly affect female reproductive function and overall health.Unfortunately,current clinical treatment strategies for this condition are limited and often yield unsatisfactory outcomes.These approaches typically involve hormone repla-cement therapy combined with psychological support.Recently,mesenchymal stem cell(MSC)therapies for POI have garnered considerable attention in global research.MSCs can restore ovarian reproductive and endocrine functions through diverse mechanisms,including controlling differentiation,promoting angiogenesis,regulating ovarian fibrosis,inhibiting apoptosis,enhancing autocrine and paracrine effects,suppressing inflammation,modulating the immune system,and genetic regulation.This editorial offers a succinct summary of the application of MSC therapy in the context of POI,providing evidence for groundbreaking medical approaches that have potential to enhance reproductive health and overall well-being for women.

Mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells in liver regeneration:Insights and future directions

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are a prevalent source for stem cell therapy and play a crucial role in modulating both innate and adaptive immune responses.Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is characterized by the accumulation of triglycerides in liver cells and involves immune system activation,leading to histological changes,tissue damage,and clinical symptoms.A recent publication by Jiang et al,highlighted the potential of MSCs to mitigate in NAFLD progression by targeting various molecular pathways,including glycolipid metabolism,inflammation,oxidative stress,endoplasmic reticulum stress,and fibrosis.In this editorial,we comment on their research and discuss the efficacy of MSC therapy in treating NAFLD.

Game Analysis of Regulation for Online Prescription Drugs under Customer Feedback Mechanism

Objective To study the way to better regulate the online sales of prescription drugs,and to provide reference for the adjustment of relevant policies since the online sales of prescription drugs has become an inevitable trend.Methods A game model was constructed for the strategy choice of pharmaceutical e-commerce platform,customers and government departments based on differential game theory and Nash equilibrium game model to analyze the pure strategy Nash equilibrium,Nash equilibrium dominant strategy of each subject and the mixed strategy Nash equilibrium under different conditions.Besides,Matlab was used to carry out simulation analysis.Results and Conclusion The study shows that:(1)Improving the credibility of the government and reducing the cost of government regulation can not only make the pharmaceutical e-commerce platform operate with high quality,but also give greater play to government functions;(2)The greater the influence of social evaluation on pharmaceutical e-commerce platforms,the lower the cost of high-quality operation of pharmaceutical e-commerce platform,and the greater the probability of customer choosing real evaluation strategy;(3)The greater the customers’perception of potential risk,the greater the compensation,and the lower the cost of reporting.Then,the greater the probability that government departments will choose strict regulation.Finally,the model solution and simulation analysis are combined to provide countermeasures and suggestions for the safety regulation of online sales of prescription drugs.

Jidong cognitive impairment cohort study: objectives, design, and baseline screening

The risk of dementia increases in patients with cognitive impairment.However,it is not clear what factors contribute to the onset of dementia in those with cognitive impairment.In this prospective cohort study,we will investigate the every-five-year incidence of cognitive impairment and prognostic factors for cognitive impairment.The Jidong cognitive impairment cohort was established from April 2012 to August 2015,during which we recruited 5854 healthy participants(55.1%male)older than 45 years(mean,57 years).Participants received a health examination in the Staff Hospital,Jidong Oilfield Branch,China National Petroleum Corporation.Baseline data and blood samples were collected.Cognitive impairment was evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination,and was defined as a Mini-Mental State Examination score of less than 24.Dementia was assessed using the criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(Fourth edition),the International Working Group criteria,and the Mini-Mental State Examination score.The follow-up will continue until December 2024,during which a prognostic model will be constructed.The primary outcome is the presence/absence of dementia and the secondary outcome is quality of life.Baseline screening results showed the following:(1)Cognitive impairment was apparent in 320 participants(5.5%).These participants will be excluded from the Jidong cohort study,and the remaining participants will be followed up.(2)Of the 320 participants with cognitive impairment,there was a significantly higher prevalence of illiteracy than other education levels(35.9%,P<0.05).Age,arterial hypertension,alcohol consumption,and passive smoking differed significantly between the cognitive impairment and healthy groups(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression models showed that age(odds ratio[OR]=1.059,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.044-1.074)and arterial hypertension(OR=1.665,95%CI:1.143-2.427)were risk factors for mild cognitive impairment.With the increase of educational level(illiteracy,primary school,junior high school,high school,university,and above),cognitive impairment gradually decreased(OR<1,P<0.05).(3)This cohort study has initially screened for several risk factors for cognitive impairment at baseline,and subsequent prospective data will further describe,validate,and evaluate the effects of these risk factors on cognitive impairment and dementia.These results can provide clinical evidence for the early prevention of cognitive impairment and dementia.The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Kailuan General Hospital of Tangshan City and the Medical Ethics Committee,Staff Hospital,Jidong Oilfield Branch,China National Petroleum Corporation on July 12,2013(approval No.2013 YILUNZI 1).

化橘红成花过程挥发油成分的动态变化及活性分析

本文旨在探索化橘红花挥发油成分的动态变化,为化橘红花的综合利用和其挥发油产品的开发提供理论参考。以现蕾期、花苞期、盛开期和谢花期的化橘红花新鲜样品为材料,水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油,采用气质联用法(GC-MS)测定挥发油成分,通过构建“化橘红花-活性成分-靶点”网络图对挥发油活性进行分析。结果表明化橘红花挥发油成分以烯类(56.84%~70.19%)和醇类(21.33%~38.34%)物质为主,包括γ-松油烯、D-柠檬烯、芳樟醇、法尼醇、橙花叔醇和β-蒎烯。烯类物质在成花过程中呈现出逐渐降低的趋势,醇类物质表现出先增多再减少的趋势,盛开期达到峰值。现蕾期、花苞期和盛开期的挥发性物质总量保持在较高水平,谢花期显著降低。法尼醇、芳樟醇、α-水芹烯、橙花叔醇和香茅醇等挥发性成分的抑菌和抗氧化活性较高。各个花期的化橘红花均含有丰富的挥发油,具有开发应用价值。

卵巢储备功能减退不孕中医药联合辅助生殖临床诊疗专家共识

不孕症是育龄期女性常见的难治病之一,世界卫生组织将其定为仅次于肿瘤和心脑血管病的第三大疾病。随着社会发展、人类生活环境和精神压力的改变,不孕症发病率逐年增高,卵巢储备功能在其中起到了重要作用。随着年龄增加,女性生育能力下降,这与卵母细胞的数量减少、质量下降有关,称为卵巢储备功能减退(diminished ovarian reserve,DOR)[1]。DOR在不孕症人群中的发病率为10%,其发病率有逐年上升及年轻化的趋势,约占女性卵巢疾病的20%。

混合式教学背景下全面践行教师“传道”职责的探讨

“传道、授业、解惑”高度概括了教师的三个职责,三者缺一不可。文章以医用化学混合式教学为例,提出了“融入思政教育的线上线下混合式教学”的教学模式,其中“混合式教学”体现了以学生为本的授课理念,“思政教育的融入”实现了教书育人的初衷。文章详细深入探讨了混合式教学背景下如何全面践行教师的“传道”职责,包括教师应该传什么“道”、如何“传道”、“传道”和“授业”如何有机融合这些教师普遍关注的问题,为促进混合式教学与课程思政建设有机融合的教学改革提供参考和借鉴。

艾司洛尔不良反应/事件报告分析

目的分析艾司洛尔不良反应/事件发生特点,为临床安全用药提供参考。方法检索Web of Science、PubMed、Springer Link、中国知网、万方数据、维普网从建库至2023年10月31日中艾司洛尔致不良反应/事件个案报道,进行统计和分析,并基于美国食品药品监督管理局(FDA)不良事件报告系统(FAERS)数据(2004年第1季度至2023年第4季度)进行挖掘验证其一致性。结果文献检索共纳入14篇个案报道,14例患者发生艾司洛尔不良反应/事件;男性10例,女性4例;年龄15~94岁,平均年龄59.79岁;发生时间最短为立即发生,最长9 d;不良反应主要有癫痫发作、谵妄、低钠血症、心脏骤停、严重室性心律失常、多巴酚丁胺应激超声心动图假阳性冠状动脉痉挛等。美国FAERS数据库中艾司洛尔不良事件报告208例,发生不良事件559例次,累及系统--器官分类(SOC)21个;不良事件信号强度排序为:交界异位性心动过速、心搏出量降低、无脉性电活动、外渗、热射病、心室机能障碍、室颤、输液部位渗出、心源性休克、冠状动脉痉挛等,与文献收集的病例报告一致性较高。结论艾司洛尔临床应用广泛,发生的不良反应/事件多为轻微且短暂,但有严重的且说明书未记载的不良反应/事件。建议临床使用时仍需谨慎,对不良反应/事件早期判断、及时停药、尽早给予相关对症处理。

水中兵器锂原电池健康状态预测技术探究

锂原电池作为高效、清洁能源,在水中兵器装备中广泛应用,但是在长期贮存和使用过程中,暴露出了一些故障及安全隐患,因此对电池进行健康状态预测及对故障进行机理研究极为重要。针对锂原电池的故障及应用需求,梳理分析现有研究基础以及困难等,借鉴锂离子电池的成熟技术,探究性地对锂原电池故障模式、故障机理进行了分析,提出了状态预测技术的研究思路和方法,为水中兵器锂原电池健康状态预测技术体系的构建和研究提供了参考。

面向数据中台的全周期数据安全管理研究与初步实践--以国家自然科学基金数据管理为例

国家自然科学基金委员会作为国家科研资助体系的重要组成部分,着力促进信息化与科研活动、科研管理体系的融合。科学基金数据作为新型生产要素,是数字化、网络化、智能化的基础,已快速融入科学基金服务管理等各个环节,用于持续提升科学基金资助效能,为推动基础研究高质量发展。本文介绍现有自然科学基金数据现状,分析目前数据管理中面临的挑战,设计了适用于现状的通用数据中台架构(以下简称“数据中台”),构造了面向数据中台的安全系统结构,并给出基于数据中台的数据安全管理实践,该工作可以实现自然科学基金委数据中台中存储的数据在创建、存储、发布、访问、处理、重用过程中保证数据全生命周期安全性,有效促进自然科学基金委数据业务化数据长效优质管理的建设发展。

中药黄芪的药理作用分析及临床应用效果

目的分析中药黄芪的药理作用及其临床应用效果。方法选取2022年10月—2023年10月青岛大学附属泰安市中心医院采用黄芪治疗的88例患者作为观察组,另选择同期应用西医治疗的88例作为对照组,观察运用中药黄芪后患者的临床疗效。结果观察组(95.45%)急性心肌梗死合并心力衰竭总有效率高于对照组(72.73%)(P<0.05)。观察组(90.91%)扩张型心肌病伴心力衰竭总有效率高于对照组(68.18%)(P<0.05)。观察组糖尿病周围神经病变总有效率(100%)高于对照组(77.27%)(P<0.05)。观察组脑血栓总有效率(95.45%)高于对照组(68.18%)(P<0.05)。结论中药黄芪在治疗糖尿病周围神经病变、急性心肌梗死伴心衰、脑血栓后遗症以及扩张型心肌病合并心力衰竭患者中疗效较理想,为临床治疗提供有力依据,同时也为中药在心血管和神经系统疾病治疗中的应用提供新思路。但仍需要进一步的研究来验证其机制和安全性。

基于遗传模糊PID算法的倒立摆稳摆抑噪抗扰实验与分析

倒立摆稳摆控制原理应用的实际工程需求牵引,使倒立摆成为检验各类控制算法的理想替代实验研究平台。因此,将倒立摆摆杆的姿态稳定控制和抑噪抗扰作为研究内容,以理论分析、编程实现、仿真实验和实物实验验证作为研究手段,聚焦控制器设计的优化。首先,引入模糊控制对PID参数调节进行优化,改固定参数调节为在线参数调节,旨在提高系统的鲁棒性与抗扰性;然后,运用遗传算法的量化因子和比例因子完成调节参数的在线寻优,通过设计适应度函数和选择算子,经过选择、交叉、变异不断演化迭代,最终获取最佳适应度个体、找到最优解,通过仿真验证遗传模糊PID算法突出的抑噪抗扰优势;最后,基于该控制策略进行倒立摆实物实验,验证了其指令跟踪有效性的结论。该研究表明:遗传模糊PID算法具有良好的指令跟踪和抑噪抗扰性能,具有一定的工程应用价值。

艾司洛尔围术期应用热点与趋势文献计量学分析

目的探讨艾司洛尔在围术期应用的热点及研究趋势。方法检索Web of Science(WOS)数据库自建库起至2023年5月23日的相关文献,采用Citespace 5.8.R3软件,对涉及的国家/地区发文及合作情况,关键词共现、突现、聚类情况及文献共被引情况进行可视化分析。结果共获得有效文献422篇。研究始于1993年,呈波动上升趋势,2013年最多(24篇)。共涉及42个国家/地区,发文量排名前3的为美国(101篇)、日本(55篇)、中国(37篇);美国与其他国家合作最紧密,但多数国家/地区间的合作较少。共198种期刊发表了该领域的文章,Anesthesia and Analgesia(28篇)、Journal of Clinical Anesthesia(17篇)、Canadian Journal of Anesthesia-Journal Canadien D Anesthesie(14篇)是该领域研究发文量较高的3个期刊(期刊引证报告中均位列Q1区)。出现频次较高的关键词有“anes⁃thesia”(89次)、“surgery”(73次)、“remifentanil”(49次)、“propofol”(44次)、“sodium nitroprusside”(31次)、“cardiac surgery”(30次)等;共获得16个突现词,“lidocaine”为2018年至2023年突现度较高(3.67)的关键词;共有19个重要的聚类标签,主要集中于艾司洛尔药理作用及手术、艾司洛尔对比用药、联合使用麻醉剂等方面研究。文献总被引频次7885次,共被引文献的概括性主题包括non-cardiac surgery、eamolot pretreatment等。结论艾司洛尔围术期应用主要集中在心脏手术、心肺旁路手术等,艾司洛尔在非心脏手术中的应用、血流动力学响应、对麻醉药物作用的影响等是目前研究的热点。

Elimination of the yellow pigment gene PSY-E2 tightly linked to the Fusarium head blight resistance gene Fhb7 from Thinopyrum ponticum

Fhb7 is a major gene that was transferred from Thinopyrum ponticum to chromosome 7D of wheat(Triticum aestivum)and confers resistance to both Fusarium head blight(FHB)and Fusarium crown rot(FCR).However,Fhb7 is tightly linked to the PSY-E2 gene,which causes yellow flour,limiting its application in breeding.To break this linkage,marker K-PSY was developed for tagging PSY-E2 and used with Fhb7 markers to identify recombination between the two genes.Screening 21,000 BC1F2 backcross progeny(Chinese Spring ph1bph1b*2/SDAU 2028)revealed two Fhb7^(+)wheat-Tp7el_(2)L lines,Shannong 2–16and Shannong 16–1,that carry a desired truncated Fhb7^(+)translocation segment without PSY-E2.The two lines show levels of resistance to FHB and FCR similar to those of the original translocation line SDAU 2028,but have white flour.To facilitate Fhb7 use in wheat breeding,STS markers were developed and used to isolate Fhb7 on a truncated Tp7el_(2) translocation segment.Near-isogenic lines carrying the Fhb7^(+)segment were generated in the backgrounds of three commercial cultivars,and Fhb7^(+)lines showed increased FHB and FCR resistance without yield penalty.The breakage of the tight linkage between Fhb7 and PSY-E2 via homoeologous recombination provides genetic resources for improvement of wheat resistance to FHB and FCR and permit the large-scale deployment of Fhb7 in breeding using marker-assisted selection.

模块化培养方案下草业机械课程教学改革——以《草业机械与设备》课程为例

模块化培养方案是顺应国家发展战略对人才双创能力要求的背景下提出的,旨在通过减少理论教学时数,增加实践教学时数来提升学生创新实践能力的培养。本文以草业科学专业《草业机械与设备》课程教学改革为例,阐述在新的培养方案下,课程改革和教学实施对人才创新思维和创新能力培养的举措,旨在为高校专业课程教学改革提供一定的参考。

Surface Molecular Encapsulation with Cyclodextrin in Promoting the Activity and Stability of Fe Single-Atom Catalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Fe single-atom catalysts(Fe-SACs)have been extensively studied as a highly efficient electrocatalyst toward the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR).Nonetheless,they suffer from stability issue induced by dissolution of Fe metal center and the OH^(−)blocking.Herein,a surface molecular engineering strategy is developed by usingβ-cyclodextrins(CDs)as a localized molecular encapsulation.The CD-modified Fe-SAC(Fe-SNC-β-CD)shows obviously improved activity toward the ORR with 0.90 V,4.10 and 4.09 mA cm^(-2)for E_(1/2),J_(0)and Jk0.9,respectively.Meanwhile,the Fe-SNC-β-CD shows the excellent long-term stability against aggressive stress and the poisoning.It is confirmed through electrochemical investigation that modification ofβ-CD can,on one hand,regulate the atomic Fe coordination chemistry through the interaction between the CD and FeN_(x) moiety,while on the other mitigate the strong adsorption of OH^(−)and function as protective barrier against the poisoning molecules leading to enhanced ORR activity and stability for the Fe-SACs.The molecular encapsulation strategy demonstrates the uniqueness of post-pyrolysis surface molecular engineering for the design of single-atom catalyst.

Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma misdiagnosed as lung squamous cell carcinoma:A case report

BACKGROUND Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma(PPLELC)is an uncommon subtype of squamous cell carcinoma(SCC)of the lung,closely associated with Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)infection.The pathological features of PPLELC closely resemble those of SCC,which makes it prone to misdiagnosis.Surgical intervention constitutes the primary treatment approach for PPLELC.CASE SUMMARY This report describes a 44-year-old woman who was hospitalized for 1 mo due to left chest pain.Computed tomography revealed a mass shadow in the anterior basal segment of the left lower lobe,and a subsequent needle biopsy suggested SCC.The patient underwent radical tumor resection in the lower left lobe of the lung,and postoperative pathological examination indicated lymphoepithelial carcinoma,and the test for EBV encoded small RNA was positive.Following surgery,the patient was scheduled to receive four cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy,using the paclitaxel+carboplatin regimen,but the patient refused further treatment.CONCLUSION PPLELC is an exceptionally rare subtype of lung SCC and is prone to misdiagnosis.