Preliminary Phenotypic and SNP-Based Molecular Characterization of Maize (<i>Zea mays</i>L.)-Mexicana (<i>Zea mays</i>SSP. <i>Mexicana</i>) Introgression Lines under Inbred Background of 48-2

Wild relatives possess potential genetic diversity for maize (Zea mays L.) improvement. Characterization of maize-mexicana introgression lines (ILs) is of great value to diversify the genetic base and improve the maize germplasm. Four maize-mexicana IL generations, i.e. BC1, BC2, BC3, and RIL, were constructed under the elite inbred background of 48-2, elite inbred line that is widely used in maize breeding in Southwestern China, and were phenotyped in different years and genotyped with 56110 SNPs. The results indicated that 48-2 had higher phenotypic performances than all the characterized ILs on most of the agronomic traits. Compared with other ILs, BC2 individuals exhibited more similar performance to 48-2 on most traits and possessed the highest kernel ratio (66.5%). Population structure and principal component analysis indicated that BC3 individuals gathered closer to 48-2 and exhibited the lowest mexicana-introgression frequency (0.50%), while BC2 (29.06%) and RIL (18.52%) showed higher introgression frequency. The high level of genetic diversity observed in the maize-mexicana ILs demonstrated that Z. mays ssp. mexicana can serve as a potential source for the enrichment of maize germplasm.

Animal models for the study of hepatitis B virus infection

Even with an effective vaccine, an estimated 240 million people are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus （HBV） worldwide. Current antiviral therapies, including interferon and nucleot（s）ide analogues, rarely cure chronic hepatitis B. Animal models are very crucial for understanding the pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B and developing new therapeutic drugs or strategies. HBV can only infect humans and chimpanzees, with the use of chimpanzees in HBV research strongly restricted. Thus, most advances in HBV research have been gained using mouse models with HBV replication or infection or models with HBV-related hepadnaviral infection. This review summarizes the animal models currently available for the study of HBV infection.

Solution‑Processed Transparent Conducting Electrodes for Flexible Organic Solar Cells with 16.61% Efficiency

Nonfullerene organic solar cells(OSCs)have achieved breakthrough with pushing the efficiency exceeding 17%.While this shed light on OSC commercialization,high-performance flexible OSCs should be pursued through solution manufacturing.Herein,we report a solution-processed flexible OSC based on a transparent conducting PEDOT:PSS anode doped with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid(CF3SO3H).Through a low-concentration and low-temperature CF3SO3H doping,the conducting polymer anodes exhibited a main sheet resistance of 35Ωsq−1(minimum value:32Ωsq−1),a raised work function(≈5.0 eV),a superior wettability,and a high electrical stability.The high work function minimized the energy level mismatch among the anodes,hole-transporting layers and electron-donors of the active layers,thereby leading to an enhanced carrier extraction.The solution-processed flexible OSCs yielded a record-high efficiency of 16.41%(maximum value:16.61%).Besides,the flexible OSCs afforded the 1000 cyclic bending tests at the radius of 1.5 mm and the long-time thermal treatments at 85°C,demonstrating a high flexibility and a good thermal stability.

Non-associative learning behavior in mixed proton and electron conductor hybrid pseudo-diode

With inherent ionic priorities, mixed ion and electron conductor hybrid devices have been proposed for brain-inspired neuromorphic system applications, demonstrating interesting neuromorphic functions. Here, mixed proton and electron conductor (MPEC) hybrid oxide neuromorphic transistor is proposed by adopting aqueous solution-processed mesoporous silica coating (MSC)-based electrolyte as gate dielec- tric. With optical and electrical synergetic coupling behaviors, the device demonstrates typical synap- tic responses and transition between short-term plasticity and long-term plasticity. With unique field- configurable proton self-modulation behaviors, a pseudo-diode operation mode is demonstrated on the MPEC hybrid transistor. Moreover, the device demonstrates interesting non-associative learning, including habituation and sensitization behavior. The results show that the proposed MPEC hybrid oxide neuromor- phic transistor has great potential in the field of neuromorphic engineering and would have potential in the bionic visual perception platform .

0.05%阿托品联合角膜塑形镜在进展性近视中对离焦环的调控增效作用

目的:研究0.05%阿托品在配戴角膜塑形镜的进展性近视中对离焦环调控的增效作用。方法:前瞻性随机对照研究。随机选取2021年6月至2023年1月在重庆渥迪眼科配戴角膜塑形镜后监测1年眼轴仍增加0.34 mm的进行性近视患者90例(90眼),按照自愿原则随机分为2组。对照组45眼,采用角膜塑形镜联合0.01%阿托品眼液治疗;联合组45眼,采用角膜塑形镜联合0.05%阿托品眼液治疗。治疗前和治疗1年后测定患者的眼轴、亮瞳直径、暗瞳直径、亮瞳下离焦环与瞳孔的相对位置关系(分为离焦环大于瞳孔、离焦环等于瞳孔、离焦环小于瞳孔)以及不良反应发生情况。采用t检验和卡方检验进行2组间的分析。结果:与治疗前相比,对照组和联合组在1年的治疗后眼轴均显著增加(P<0.001),且联合组眼轴增加明显低于对照组(P<0.001)。治疗后联合组和对照组亮瞳和暗瞳直径与治疗前相比均显著增加(P<0.001)。治疗后,联合组和对照组亮瞳下离焦环与瞳孔的相对位置关系与治疗前比较均有改变,联合组差异有统计学意义(P=0.001),对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗期间,联合组和对照组不良反应发生情况比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:角膜塑形镜联合0.01%、0.05%阿托品可协同增强青少年的近视控制效果,并具有良好的安全性。0.05%阿托品联合角膜塑形镜对进展性近视的控制效果更佳。

透明防雾材料

透明材料在日常生活和工业生产中占据重要的地位,但是在使用过程中经常由于结雾问题会带来诸多不便甚至造成经济损失,因此,透明防雾材料的研究具有重要的意义。本文首先介绍了防雾的基本原理和实现防雾的两种主要途径,即亲水和疏水防雾,再详细介绍了通过不同途径以实现防雾功能的具体防雾材料体系及制备方法,最后对透明防雾材料的应用及发展趋势进行了总结与展望。

Mitochondrial fusion protein 2 regulates endoplasmic reticulum stress in preeclampsia

Preeclampsia(PE)refers to a group of dysfunction syndromes associated with elevated blood pressure and proteinuria in women with previously normal blood pressure after 20 weeks of pregnancy,and it may be accompanied by symptoms including headache。