Carbon emission reduction and clean energy development are urgent demands for mankind in the coming decades.Exploring an efficient CO_(2) storage method can significantly reduce CO_(2) emissions in the short term.In t...Carbon emission reduction and clean energy development are urgent demands for mankind in the coming decades.Exploring an efficient CO_(2) storage method can significantly reduce CO_(2) emissions in the short term.In this study,we attempted to construct sediment samples with different residual CH_(4) hydrate amounts and reservoir conditions,and then investigate the potentials of both CO_(2) storage and enhanced CH_(4) recovery in depleted gas hydrate deposits in the permafrost and ocean zones,respectively.The results demonstrate that CO_(2) hydrate formation rate can be significantly improved due to the presence of residual hydrate seeds;However,excessive residual hydrates in turn lead to the decrease in CO_(2) storage efficiency.Affected by the T-P conditions of the reservoir,the storage amount of liquid CO_(2) can reach 8 times that of gaseous CO_(2),and CO_(2) stored in hydrate form reaches 2-4 times.Additionally,we noticed two other advantages of this method.One is that CO_(2) injection can enhance CH_(4) recovery rate and increases CH_(4) recovery by 10%-20%.The second is that hydrate saturation in the reservoir can be restored to 20%-40%,which means that the solid volume of the reservoir avoids serious shrinkage.Obviously,this is crucial for protecting the goaf stability.In summary,this approach is greatly promising for high-efficient CO_(2) storage and safe exploitation of gas hydrate.展开更多
Investigations into the aerodynamic properties of vertical sound barriers exposed to high-speed operations employ computational fluid dynamics.The primary focus of this research is to evaluate the influence of train s...Investigations into the aerodynamic properties of vertical sound barriers exposed to high-speed operations employ computational fluid dynamics.The primary focus of this research is to evaluate the influence of train speed and the distance(D)from the track centerline under various operating conditions.The findings elucidate a marked elevation in the aerodynamic effect amplitude on sound barriers as train speeds increase.In single-train passages,the aerodynamic effect amplitude manifests a direct relationship with the square of the train speed.When two trains pass each other,the aerodynamic amplitude intensifies due to an additional aerodynamic increment on the sound barrier.This increment exhibits an approximate quadratic correlation with the retrograde train speed.Notably,the impact of high-speed trains on sound barrier aerodynamics surpasses that of low-speed trains,and this discrepancy amplifies with larger speed differentials between trains.Moreover,the train-induced aerodynamic effect diminishes significantly with greater distance(D),with occurrences of pressure coefficient(CP)exceeding the standard thresholds during dual-train passages.This study culminates in the formulation of universal equations for quantifying the influence of train speed and distance(D)on sound barrier aerodynamic characteristics across various operational scenarios.展开更多
1.Objective In the past decade,a group of medium to giant lead-zinc deposits,represented by Huoshaoyun,Sachakou,and Yuanbaoling,have been discovered in the Aksai Chin region of Karakoram,Xinjiang.They are all located ...1.Objective In the past decade,a group of medium to giant lead-zinc deposits,represented by Huoshaoyun,Sachakou,and Yuanbaoling,have been discovered in the Aksai Chin region of Karakoram,Xinjiang.They are all located in the Mesozoic carbonate and clastic rock formations.The Sachakou leadzinc mining area is adjacent to the northwest of the Huoshaoyun lead-zinc mining area and is in the same stratigraphic layer as Huoshaoyun.Although many scholars have been arguing about the type and age of Huoshaoyun lead-zinc mineralization,few scholars have paid attention to the classification of the ore-bearing strata in the area.The stratigraphy of the Lower Permian Shenxianwan Group to the Upper Cretaceous Tielongtan Group is exposed in the Sachakou area of Karakorum,Xinjiang,however,the Late Permian-Early Triassic stratigraphy is missing(Fig.1a).Due to the harsh natural conditions in the area and the low level of work,the stratigraphic delineation is not exhaustive,and the regional lithology is dominated by carbonates and clastic rocks,which makes it difficult to identify the age of the regional lithology and causes problems for the exploration and research of lead-zinc in the area.展开更多
BACKGROUND Lacunes are the manifestations of lacunar infarction which can lead many patients to the clinical outcome of disability or dementia.However,the relationship between lacune burden,cognitive function and bloo...BACKGROUND Lacunes are the manifestations of lacunar infarction which can lead many patients to the clinical outcome of disability or dementia.However,the relationship between lacune burden,cognitive function and blood glucose fluctuation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)complicated with lacunes is not very clear.AIM To explore the correlation between glucose variability,lacune burden and cognitive function in patients with lacunes complicated with T2DM.METHODS The clinical and imaging data of 144 patients with lacunes combined with T2DM were reviewed retrospectively.72 h continuous glucose monitoring was performed.The Montreal Cognitive Assessment was used to assess cognitive function.The burden of lacunes was evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging performance.Multifactorial logistic regression analysis was used to study the affecting the lacune load and cognitive impairment in patients.To predict the value of patients’cognitive impairment with lacunes complicated with T2DM,a receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve and a nomogram prediction model were constructed.RESULTS The standard deviation(SD)of the average blood glucose concentration,percentage coefficient of variation(%CV)and time of range(TIR)were significantly different between the low and the high load groups(P<0.05).The SD,%CV and TIR of the cognitive impairment group and non-cognitive impairment group were significantly different(P<0.05).SD(odds ratio(OR):3.558,95%confidence interval(CI):1.268-9.978,P=0.006),and%CV(OR:1.192,95%CI:1.081-1.315,P<0.05)were the risk factors for an increased infarct burden in lacunes patients complicated with T2DM.TIR(OR:0.874,95%CI:0.833-0.928,P<0.05)is a protective factor.In addition,an increased SD(OR:2.506,95%CI:1.008-6.23,P=0.003),%CV(OR:1.163,95%CI:1.065-1.270,P<0.05)were the risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients with lacunes complicated with T2DM,TIR(OR:0.957,95%CI:0.922-0.994,P<0.05)is a protective factor.A nomogram prediction model of the risk of cognitive impairment was established based on SD,%CV and TIR.Decision curve analysis and the internal calibration analysis were used for internal verification and showed that the model was clinical benefit.The area under the ROC curves for predicting cognitive impairment in patients with lacunes complicated with T2DM was drawn were%CV:0.757(95%CI:0.669-0.845,P<0.05),TIR:0.711(95%CI:0.623-0.799,P<0.05).CONCLUSION Blood glucose variability is closely associated with the level of lacune burden and cognitive dysfunction in lacune patients combined with T2DM.%CV,TIR have a certain predictive effect in cognitive impairment in lacune patients.展开更多
柔性多状态开关(soft open point, SOP)与传统联络开关相比功能更多,响应速度更快,是实现电力网络柔性互联的重要装置之一。SOP中开关器件的存在使系统运行状态在连续系统和离散系统间来回切换,提出对SOP采用更为合适的混杂系统模型进...柔性多状态开关(soft open point, SOP)与传统联络开关相比功能更多,响应速度更快,是实现电力网络柔性互联的重要装置之一。SOP中开关器件的存在使系统运行状态在连续系统和离散系统间来回切换,提出对SOP采用更为合适的混杂系统模型进行建模控制。首先对各端口的8种开关模态进行分析,然后将1个工频周期分为12个子区间,通过系统连续状态量和各开关模态的关系推导出各子区间内开关模态的切换规则,依据切换规则设计了离散控制器,根据连续状态量相互之间的转换关系设计了连续控制器,综合得到了各端口在不同运行模式下的混杂控制器,最后在MATLAB/Simulink中搭建仿真模型,通过与传统建模控制方法的仿真对比,验证了所提方案的有效性。展开更多
The Middle Permian Lucaogou Formation in Northwestern China mainly contains typical saline lacustrine oil shale.To study the differences in geochemistry and hydrocarbon generation of source-rock samples in Lucaogou Fo...The Middle Permian Lucaogou Formation in Northwestern China mainly contains typical saline lacustrine oil shale.To study the differences in geochemistry and hydrocarbon generation of source-rock samples in Lucaogou Formation in Jimusaer Sag,57 core samples from two boreholes were analyzed herein by performing total organic carbon(TOC)analysis,RockeEval pyrolysis,and gas chromatographicemass spectrometry experiments on saturated hydrocarbons.The kinetics of oil generation were studied using two samples comprising typical maceral components.The results showed that the hydrocarbons produced by telalginite are relatively rich in pristane(Pr),phytane(Ph),b-carotane,high-carbon normal alkanes,and C29 regular steranes.Hydrocarbons produced by lamalginite contain a significantly higher content of C20 tricyclic terpanes(TT),C21TT,C24 tetracyclic terpanes(TeT),C29 norhopane,and C28 regular sterane.Based on the pyrolysis and biomarker compound parameters,telalginite has a higher conversion rate for hydrocarbons than lamalginite in the low-mature to mature stage,which is consistent with their kinetic analysis.Lamalginite source rock displays a much narrower distribution of activation energies than telalginite source rocks.Such narrower activation energy distribution effectively narrows the main stage of hydrocarbon generation.In addition,the activation energy distribution of lamalginite concentrated in the high-value interval,indicating the characteristics of the relatively lagging hydrocarbon generation of lamalginite.展开更多
Objective Protein disulfide isomerase A2(PDIA2),a member of the protein disulfide isomerase family,plays a key role in the folding of nascent proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum by forming disulfide bonds,together w...Objective Protein disulfide isomerase A2(PDIA2),a member of the protein disulfide isomerase family,plays a key role in the folding of nascent proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum by forming disulfide bonds,together with enzymes such as thiol isomerase,oxidase,and reductase.This study investigated the clinical significance and potential functions of PDIA2 in glioma.Methods The expression of PDIA2 in gliomas was explored using The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases.We analyzed the clinical characteristics of glioma patients and the prognostic and diagnostic value of PDIA2 expression.Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to examine the effect of PDIA2 expression on overall survival,progression-free interval,and disease-specific survival.Furthermore,we performed Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and immune infiltration analysis to investigate the functions of PDIA2.PDIA2 mRNA and protein expression was evaluated in cell lines and glioma tissues.Results PDIA2 was expressed at low levels in glioma patients.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that glioma patients with low PDIA2 levels had a worse prognosis than those with high PDIA2 levels.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated the diagnostic and prognostic ability of PDIA2(area under the curve=0.918).Pathways associated with PD1,PI3K/AKT,cancer immunotherapy via PD1 blockade,Fceri-mediated NF-kB activation,FOXM1,and DNA repair were enriched in glioma patients with low levels of PDIA2.PDIA2 expression levels were negatively correlated with immune cell infiltrate levels.Conclusion PDIA2 levels are significantly downregulated in glioma.PDIA2 expression may be a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of glioma patients.展开更多
We investigate the coupled modified nonlinear Schr?dinger equation.Breather solutions are constructed through the traditional Darboux transformation with nonzero plane-wave solutions.To obtain the higher-order localiz...We investigate the coupled modified nonlinear Schr?dinger equation.Breather solutions are constructed through the traditional Darboux transformation with nonzero plane-wave solutions.To obtain the higher-order localized wave solution,the N-fold generalized Darboux transformation is given.Under the condition that the characteristic equation admits a double-root,we present the expression of the first-order interactional solution.Then we graphically analyze the dynamics of the breather and rogue wave.Due to the simultaneous existence of nonlinear and self-steepening terms in the equation,different profiles in two components for the breathers are presented.展开更多
Purpose:To screen potential tumor antigens for melanoma vaccine development and identify different immune subtypes.Methods:Transcriptional data(HTSEQ-FPKM)and clinical information of a 472 Melanoma cohort GDC TCGA Mel...Purpose:To screen potential tumor antigens for melanoma vaccine development and identify different immune subtypes.Methods:Transcriptional data(HTSEQ-FPKM)and clinical information of a 472 Melanoma cohort GDC TCGA Melanoma(SKCM)were downloaded from the UCSC XENA website(http://xena.ucsc.edu/).Subsequently,transcriptome data and clinical information of 210 melanoma cohort GSE65904 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO),a large global public database.All the transcriptome expression data matrices were log2 transformed for subsequent analysis.GEPIA,TIMER,and IMMPORT databases are also used for analysis.Cell function experiments were performed to validate the role of the IDO1 gene in melanoma cell line A375.Results:Our study provides potential tumor antigens for vaccine development in melanoma patients:GZMB,GBP4,CD79A,APOBEC3F,IDO1,JCHAIN,LAG3,PLA2G2D,XCL2.In addition,we divide melanoma patients into two immune subtypes that have significant differences in tumor immunity and may have different responses to vaccination.In view of the unclear role of IDO1 in melanoma,we selected IDO1 for cell assay validation.Cell function assay showed that IDO1 was significantly overexpressed in the melanoma A375 cell line.After IDO1 knockdown,the activity,invasion,migration and healing ability of A375 cell lines were significantly decreased.Conclusion:Our study could provide a reference for the development of vaccines for melanoma patients.展开更多
Osteomyelitis is a common musculoskeletal infection in children,and the acute and chronic osteomyelitis are the two most common type.Acute osteomyelitis affects about 1 in every 5,000 to 10,000 people and is more comm...Osteomyelitis is a common musculoskeletal infection in children,and the acute and chronic osteomyelitis are the two most common type.Acute osteomyelitis affects about 1 in every 5,000 to 10,000 people and is more common in developing countries and economically disadvantaged areas.展开更多
Owing to the constraints on the fabrication ofγ-ray coding plates with many pixels,few studies have been carried out onγ-ray computational ghost imaging.Thus,the development of coding plates with fewer pixels is ess...Owing to the constraints on the fabrication ofγ-ray coding plates with many pixels,few studies have been carried out onγ-ray computational ghost imaging.Thus,the development of coding plates with fewer pixels is essential to achieveγ-ray computational ghost imaging.Based on the regional similarity between Hadamard subcoding plates,this study presents an optimization method to reduce the number of pixels of Hadamard coding plates.First,a moving distance matrix was obtained to describe the regional similarity quantitatively.Second,based on the matrix,we used two ant colony optimization arrangement algorithms to maximize the reuse of pixels in the regional similarity area and obtain new compressed coding plates.With full sampling,these two algorithms improved the pixel utilization of the coding plate,and the compression ratio values were 54.2%and 58.9%,respectively.In addition,three undersampled sequences(the Harr,Russian dolls,and cake-cutting sequences)with different sampling rates were tested and discussed.With different sampling rates,our method reduced the number of pixels of all three sequences,especially for the Russian dolls and cake-cutting sequences.Therefore,our method can reduce the number of pixels,manufacturing cost,and difficulty of the coding plate,which is beneficial for the implementation and application ofγ-ray computational ghost imaging.展开更多
Haze (known as “Mai” 霾 in Chinese) threatens the health of billions of people across the globe. To begin solving this problem without severely slowing down the economy, one has to mechanistically and geographically...Haze (known as “Mai” 霾 in Chinese) threatens the health of billions of people across the globe. To begin solving this problem without severely slowing down the economy, one has to mechanistically and geographically pinpoint the sources of these pollutants, the key of which is to thoroughly characterize and fingerprint the particulates. Here we present a broad survey and classification of thousands of individual airborne particu-lates by using the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to measure their diverse mor-phologies and chemistries, which could eventually be organized into a “haze finger-print database”. For instance, one collection in Xi’an City, China during March-April 2014 yielded 494 airborne particulates that settled on silicon wafers placed outside the window of a 3<sup>rd</sup> floor office. These 494 particulates were manually imaged with high resolution (down to 2 nm), elementally mapped using Energy-dispersive X-ray Spec-troscopy (EDS), and were identified and categorized into presumed source classes such as construction activities (Ca, Al, Si-O), coal burning (sulfates), biologic (pollen, bac-teria), automotive, mining, steel making, and etc. About 20% of the particulates have mysterious origins, as it is still unclear how they were formed, and a fraction of them contained clearly hazardous elements such as lead and chromium. For future work, we propose using unmanned aerial vehicles with a special “rolling film” substrate that can autonomously collect airborne particulates, a customized SEM auto-imaging system, and machine learning software to establish an online open-access database. The end goal would be to monitor and analyze the particulate pollutants that are pumped into our atmosphere every day, and precisely track down their sources so we can better model and police the quality of the air around us.展开更多
In order to further promote the standardization of diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor （GIST） in China, the members of Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology （CSCO） Expert Committee on GIST tho...In order to further promote the standardization of diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor （GIST） in China, the members of Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology （CSCO） Expert Committee on GIST thoroughly discussed the key contents of the consensus guidelines, and voted on the controversial issue. In final, the Chinese consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of GIST （2017 edition） was formed on the basis of 2013 edition consensus guidelines, which is hereby announced. The consensus included the pathological diagnosis, recurrence risk classification evaluation, targeted agent therapy, surgery and principles of surveillance of GIST.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,China(22378424,52004136,22127812,U20B6005)the Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum Beijing(2462023BJRC017)Hunan Provincial Department of Education Scientific Research Project(22B0310).
文摘Carbon emission reduction and clean energy development are urgent demands for mankind in the coming decades.Exploring an efficient CO_(2) storage method can significantly reduce CO_(2) emissions in the short term.In this study,we attempted to construct sediment samples with different residual CH_(4) hydrate amounts and reservoir conditions,and then investigate the potentials of both CO_(2) storage and enhanced CH_(4) recovery in depleted gas hydrate deposits in the permafrost and ocean zones,respectively.The results demonstrate that CO_(2) hydrate formation rate can be significantly improved due to the presence of residual hydrate seeds;However,excessive residual hydrates in turn lead to the decrease in CO_(2) storage efficiency.Affected by the T-P conditions of the reservoir,the storage amount of liquid CO_(2) can reach 8 times that of gaseous CO_(2),and CO_(2) stored in hydrate form reaches 2-4 times.Additionally,we noticed two other advantages of this method.One is that CO_(2) injection can enhance CH_(4) recovery rate and increases CH_(4) recovery by 10%-20%.The second is that hydrate saturation in the reservoir can be restored to 20%-40%,which means that the solid volume of the reservoir avoids serious shrinkage.Obviously,this is crucial for protecting the goaf stability.In summary,this approach is greatly promising for high-efficient CO_(2) storage and safe exploitation of gas hydrate.
基金This study was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.52278463,52208505,and 52202422.
文摘Investigations into the aerodynamic properties of vertical sound barriers exposed to high-speed operations employ computational fluid dynamics.The primary focus of this research is to evaluate the influence of train speed and the distance(D)from the track centerline under various operating conditions.The findings elucidate a marked elevation in the aerodynamic effect amplitude on sound barriers as train speeds increase.In single-train passages,the aerodynamic effect amplitude manifests a direct relationship with the square of the train speed.When two trains pass each other,the aerodynamic amplitude intensifies due to an additional aerodynamic increment on the sound barrier.This increment exhibits an approximate quadratic correlation with the retrograde train speed.Notably,the impact of high-speed trains on sound barrier aerodynamics surpasses that of low-speed trains,and this discrepancy amplifies with larger speed differentials between trains.Moreover,the train-induced aerodynamic effect diminishes significantly with greater distance(D),with occurrences of pressure coefficient(CP)exceeding the standard thresholds during dual-train passages.This study culminates in the formulation of universal equations for quantifying the influence of train speed and distance(D)on sound barrier aerodynamic characteristics across various operational scenarios.
基金Supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(2021QZKK0303)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi(2020JQ-440 and 2021JQ-327)+1 种基金the Major Science and Technology Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2021A03001-2)the projects of the China Geological Survey(DD20230333 and DD20230048).
文摘1.Objective In the past decade,a group of medium to giant lead-zinc deposits,represented by Huoshaoyun,Sachakou,and Yuanbaoling,have been discovered in the Aksai Chin region of Karakoram,Xinjiang.They are all located in the Mesozoic carbonate and clastic rock formations.The Sachakou leadzinc mining area is adjacent to the northwest of the Huoshaoyun lead-zinc mining area and is in the same stratigraphic layer as Huoshaoyun.Although many scholars have been arguing about the type and age of Huoshaoyun lead-zinc mineralization,few scholars have paid attention to the classification of the ore-bearing strata in the area.The stratigraphy of the Lower Permian Shenxianwan Group to the Upper Cretaceous Tielongtan Group is exposed in the Sachakou area of Karakorum,Xinjiang,however,the Late Permian-Early Triassic stratigraphy is missing(Fig.1a).Due to the harsh natural conditions in the area and the low level of work,the stratigraphic delineation is not exhaustive,and the regional lithology is dominated by carbonates and clastic rocks,which makes it difficult to identify the age of the regional lithology and causes problems for the exploration and research of lead-zinc in the area.
基金Supported by the Medical Technology and Science Research Project in Henan Province,ChinaNo.SBGJ202102177。
文摘BACKGROUND Lacunes are the manifestations of lacunar infarction which can lead many patients to the clinical outcome of disability or dementia.However,the relationship between lacune burden,cognitive function and blood glucose fluctuation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)complicated with lacunes is not very clear.AIM To explore the correlation between glucose variability,lacune burden and cognitive function in patients with lacunes complicated with T2DM.METHODS The clinical and imaging data of 144 patients with lacunes combined with T2DM were reviewed retrospectively.72 h continuous glucose monitoring was performed.The Montreal Cognitive Assessment was used to assess cognitive function.The burden of lacunes was evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging performance.Multifactorial logistic regression analysis was used to study the affecting the lacune load and cognitive impairment in patients.To predict the value of patients’cognitive impairment with lacunes complicated with T2DM,a receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve and a nomogram prediction model were constructed.RESULTS The standard deviation(SD)of the average blood glucose concentration,percentage coefficient of variation(%CV)and time of range(TIR)were significantly different between the low and the high load groups(P<0.05).The SD,%CV and TIR of the cognitive impairment group and non-cognitive impairment group were significantly different(P<0.05).SD(odds ratio(OR):3.558,95%confidence interval(CI):1.268-9.978,P=0.006),and%CV(OR:1.192,95%CI:1.081-1.315,P<0.05)were the risk factors for an increased infarct burden in lacunes patients complicated with T2DM.TIR(OR:0.874,95%CI:0.833-0.928,P<0.05)is a protective factor.In addition,an increased SD(OR:2.506,95%CI:1.008-6.23,P=0.003),%CV(OR:1.163,95%CI:1.065-1.270,P<0.05)were the risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients with lacunes complicated with T2DM,TIR(OR:0.957,95%CI:0.922-0.994,P<0.05)is a protective factor.A nomogram prediction model of the risk of cognitive impairment was established based on SD,%CV and TIR.Decision curve analysis and the internal calibration analysis were used for internal verification and showed that the model was clinical benefit.The area under the ROC curves for predicting cognitive impairment in patients with lacunes complicated with T2DM was drawn were%CV:0.757(95%CI:0.669-0.845,P<0.05),TIR:0.711(95%CI:0.623-0.799,P<0.05).CONCLUSION Blood glucose variability is closely associated with the level of lacune burden and cognitive dysfunction in lacune patients combined with T2DM.%CV,TIR have a certain predictive effect in cognitive impairment in lacune patients.
文摘柔性多状态开关(soft open point, SOP)与传统联络开关相比功能更多,响应速度更快,是实现电力网络柔性互联的重要装置之一。SOP中开关器件的存在使系统运行状态在连续系统和离散系统间来回切换,提出对SOP采用更为合适的混杂系统模型进行建模控制。首先对各端口的8种开关模态进行分析,然后将1个工频周期分为12个子区间,通过系统连续状态量和各开关模态的关系推导出各子区间内开关模态的切换规则,依据切换规则设计了离散控制器,根据连续状态量相互之间的转换关系设计了连续控制器,综合得到了各端口在不同运行模式下的混杂控制器,最后在MATLAB/Simulink中搭建仿真模型,通过与传统建模控制方法的仿真对比,验证了所提方案的有效性。
文摘The Middle Permian Lucaogou Formation in Northwestern China mainly contains typical saline lacustrine oil shale.To study the differences in geochemistry and hydrocarbon generation of source-rock samples in Lucaogou Formation in Jimusaer Sag,57 core samples from two boreholes were analyzed herein by performing total organic carbon(TOC)analysis,RockeEval pyrolysis,and gas chromatographicemass spectrometry experiments on saturated hydrocarbons.The kinetics of oil generation were studied using two samples comprising typical maceral components.The results showed that the hydrocarbons produced by telalginite are relatively rich in pristane(Pr),phytane(Ph),b-carotane,high-carbon normal alkanes,and C29 regular steranes.Hydrocarbons produced by lamalginite contain a significantly higher content of C20 tricyclic terpanes(TT),C21TT,C24 tetracyclic terpanes(TeT),C29 norhopane,and C28 regular sterane.Based on the pyrolysis and biomarker compound parameters,telalginite has a higher conversion rate for hydrocarbons than lamalginite in the low-mature to mature stage,which is consistent with their kinetic analysis.Lamalginite source rock displays a much narrower distribution of activation energies than telalginite source rocks.Such narrower activation energy distribution effectively narrows the main stage of hydrocarbon generation.In addition,the activation energy distribution of lamalginite concentrated in the high-value interval,indicating the characteristics of the relatively lagging hydrocarbon generation of lamalginite.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC0601705,2017YFC0601706,2017YFC0601704)1:50000 aeromagnetic survey project in Shanxi Province(2014034)。
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Southwest Medical University(No.2016XNYD217,No.2018-ZRQN-032 and No.2016LZXNYD-G03)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82072780)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2022YFS0630).
文摘Objective Protein disulfide isomerase A2(PDIA2),a member of the protein disulfide isomerase family,plays a key role in the folding of nascent proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum by forming disulfide bonds,together with enzymes such as thiol isomerase,oxidase,and reductase.This study investigated the clinical significance and potential functions of PDIA2 in glioma.Methods The expression of PDIA2 in gliomas was explored using The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases.We analyzed the clinical characteristics of glioma patients and the prognostic and diagnostic value of PDIA2 expression.Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to examine the effect of PDIA2 expression on overall survival,progression-free interval,and disease-specific survival.Furthermore,we performed Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and immune infiltration analysis to investigate the functions of PDIA2.PDIA2 mRNA and protein expression was evaluated in cell lines and glioma tissues.Results PDIA2 was expressed at low levels in glioma patients.Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that glioma patients with low PDIA2 levels had a worse prognosis than those with high PDIA2 levels.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated the diagnostic and prognostic ability of PDIA2(area under the curve=0.918).Pathways associated with PD1,PI3K/AKT,cancer immunotherapy via PD1 blockade,Fceri-mediated NF-kB activation,FOXM1,and DNA repair were enriched in glioma patients with low levels of PDIA2.PDIA2 expression levels were negatively correlated with immune cell infiltrate levels.Conclusion PDIA2 levels are significantly downregulated in glioma.PDIA2 expression may be a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of glioma patients.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11871232 and 12201578)Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province,China(Grant Nos.222300420377 and 212300410417)。
文摘We investigate the coupled modified nonlinear Schr?dinger equation.Breather solutions are constructed through the traditional Darboux transformation with nonzero plane-wave solutions.To obtain the higher-order localized wave solution,the N-fold generalized Darboux transformation is given.Under the condition that the characteristic equation admits a double-root,we present the expression of the first-order interactional solution.Then we graphically analyze the dynamics of the breather and rogue wave.Due to the simultaneous existence of nonlinear and self-steepening terms in the equation,different profiles in two components for the breathers are presented.
基金supported by the Top Talent Project of Jiangsu Provincial People’s Hospital(No.YNRCZN0310).
文摘Purpose:To screen potential tumor antigens for melanoma vaccine development and identify different immune subtypes.Methods:Transcriptional data(HTSEQ-FPKM)and clinical information of a 472 Melanoma cohort GDC TCGA Melanoma(SKCM)were downloaded from the UCSC XENA website(http://xena.ucsc.edu/).Subsequently,transcriptome data and clinical information of 210 melanoma cohort GSE65904 were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO),a large global public database.All the transcriptome expression data matrices were log2 transformed for subsequent analysis.GEPIA,TIMER,and IMMPORT databases are also used for analysis.Cell function experiments were performed to validate the role of the IDO1 gene in melanoma cell line A375.Results:Our study provides potential tumor antigens for vaccine development in melanoma patients:GZMB,GBP4,CD79A,APOBEC3F,IDO1,JCHAIN,LAG3,PLA2G2D,XCL2.In addition,we divide melanoma patients into two immune subtypes that have significant differences in tumor immunity and may have different responses to vaccination.In view of the unclear role of IDO1 in melanoma,we selected IDO1 for cell assay validation.Cell function assay showed that IDO1 was significantly overexpressed in the melanoma A375 cell line.After IDO1 knockdown,the activity,invasion,migration and healing ability of A375 cell lines were significantly decreased.Conclusion:Our study could provide a reference for the development of vaccines for melanoma patients.
文摘Osteomyelitis is a common musculoskeletal infection in children,and the acute and chronic osteomyelitis are the two most common type.Acute osteomyelitis affects about 1 in every 5,000 to 10,000 people and is more common in developing countries and economically disadvantaged areas.
基金supported by the Youth Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(Nos.22NSFSC3816 and 2022NSFSC1231)the General Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12075039 and 41874121)the Key Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U19A2086).
文摘Owing to the constraints on the fabrication ofγ-ray coding plates with many pixels,few studies have been carried out onγ-ray computational ghost imaging.Thus,the development of coding plates with fewer pixels is essential to achieveγ-ray computational ghost imaging.Based on the regional similarity between Hadamard subcoding plates,this study presents an optimization method to reduce the number of pixels of Hadamard coding plates.First,a moving distance matrix was obtained to describe the regional similarity quantitatively.Second,based on the matrix,we used two ant colony optimization arrangement algorithms to maximize the reuse of pixels in the regional similarity area and obtain new compressed coding plates.With full sampling,these two algorithms improved the pixel utilization of the coding plate,and the compression ratio values were 54.2%and 58.9%,respectively.In addition,three undersampled sequences(the Harr,Russian dolls,and cake-cutting sequences)with different sampling rates were tested and discussed.With different sampling rates,our method reduced the number of pixels of all three sequences,especially for the Russian dolls and cake-cutting sequences.Therefore,our method can reduce the number of pixels,manufacturing cost,and difficulty of the coding plate,which is beneficial for the implementation and application ofγ-ray computational ghost imaging.
文摘Haze (known as “Mai” 霾 in Chinese) threatens the health of billions of people across the globe. To begin solving this problem without severely slowing down the economy, one has to mechanistically and geographically pinpoint the sources of these pollutants, the key of which is to thoroughly characterize and fingerprint the particulates. Here we present a broad survey and classification of thousands of individual airborne particu-lates by using the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to measure their diverse mor-phologies and chemistries, which could eventually be organized into a “haze finger-print database”. For instance, one collection in Xi’an City, China during March-April 2014 yielded 494 airborne particulates that settled on silicon wafers placed outside the window of a 3<sup>rd</sup> floor office. These 494 particulates were manually imaged with high resolution (down to 2 nm), elementally mapped using Energy-dispersive X-ray Spec-troscopy (EDS), and were identified and categorized into presumed source classes such as construction activities (Ca, Al, Si-O), coal burning (sulfates), biologic (pollen, bac-teria), automotive, mining, steel making, and etc. About 20% of the particulates have mysterious origins, as it is still unclear how they were formed, and a fraction of them contained clearly hazardous elements such as lead and chromium. For future work, we propose using unmanned aerial vehicles with a special “rolling film” substrate that can autonomously collect airborne particulates, a customized SEM auto-imaging system, and machine learning software to establish an online open-access database. The end goal would be to monitor and analyze the particulate pollutants that are pumped into our atmosphere every day, and precisely track down their sources so we can better model and police the quality of the air around us.
文摘In order to further promote the standardization of diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumor （GIST） in China, the members of Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology （CSCO） Expert Committee on GIST thoroughly discussed the key contents of the consensus guidelines, and voted on the controversial issue. In final, the Chinese consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of GIST （2017 edition） was formed on the basis of 2013 edition consensus guidelines, which is hereby announced. The consensus included the pathological diagnosis, recurrence risk classification evaluation, targeted agent therapy, surgery and principles of surveillance of GIST.
