脑小血管病(small vessel disease,SVD)是一类以脑内小血管受损为主的临床影像综合征,可能会导致卒中、血管性认知障碍、神经心理疾病与其他功能障碍等。自2013年血管性神经病变的影像报告标准(standards for reporting vascular change...脑小血管病(small vessel disease,SVD)是一类以脑内小血管受损为主的临床影像综合征,可能会导致卒中、血管性认知障碍、神经心理疾病与其他功能障碍等。自2013年血管性神经病变的影像报告标准(standards for reporting vascular changes on neuroimaging,STRIVE)发布以来,SVD的神经影像学特征得到了初步的分类与标准化。然而,在临床实践与科学研究中,对SVD影像特征的认识和应用仍存在诸多不一致和不规范之处。随着对SVD病理生理机制的深入探索与影像技术的不断进步,新的SVD影像特征和定量标志物被相继发现,为SVD的诊断和评估提供了更为全面且精准的信息。在此基础上,STRIVE-2应运而生,以期能更全面地揭示SVD对脑功能与结构的影响。为了规范中国SVD的神经影像学评估和诊断,本共识将在STRIVE-2的基础上,结合中国具体国情,对SVD的神经影像学特征进行深入解读,旨在推动SVD影像学诊断术语的标准化,提高临床诊断的准确性,进一步促进相关领域的研究与进步。展开更多
To produce high strength and ductility Mg alloys with high productivity and low energy consumption,the residual heat rolling (RHR) process was initially proposed.The microstucture and mechanical properties of AZ31 pro...To produce high strength and ductility Mg alloys with high productivity and low energy consumption,the residual heat rolling (RHR) process was initially proposed.The microstucture and mechanical properties of AZ31 processed by RHR were investigated by optical micrscopy (OM),electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD),and electron universal testing machine.The yield strength (YS),ultimate tensile strength (UTS),and elongation to failure of RHRed AZ31 sheet were 194 MPa,311 MPa,and 22%,respectively.The RHRed AZ31 alloys after annealing have very fine and homogeneous grains.The symmetrical rolled (SR) and RHRed AZ31 exhibit typical {0002} basal textures.The RHRed AZ31 has double-peak basal texture distribution.The basal poles of RHRed AZ31 split from normal direction (ND) to rolling direction (RD).There are few hard orientation distributions on the basal slip and more soft orientation distributions on the prismatic slip in the RHRed AZ31 sheets than those in the SRed AZ31sheets.展开更多
目的 探究讲授式教学法(lecture based learning,LBL)、以问题为基础的教学方法(problem-based learning,PBL)、慕课(massive open online course,MOOC)联合翻转课堂对于临床医学专业留学生临床实习效果的影响。方法选取2018年6月-2019...目的 探究讲授式教学法(lecture based learning,LBL)、以问题为基础的教学方法(problem-based learning,PBL)、慕课(massive open online course,MOOC)联合翻转课堂对于临床医学专业留学生临床实习效果的影响。方法选取2018年6月-2019年6月在哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院6年制临床医学毕业实习阶段留学生共80名作为研究对象,随机分成4组,每组20人,分别采用4种不同教学模式进行神经内科实习教学:1组采用LBL教学法;2组采用PBL教学法;3组采用LBL联合PBL教学法;4组采用LBL+PBL+慕课联合翻转课堂。课后向每名同学发放调查问卷以此了解学生的满意情况,实习结束以后对4组学生进行理论和临床技能综合考试。以评估留学生的临床知识掌握能力、临床技能操作能力、临床病例分析能力。结果 第4组学生临床知识掌握能力、临床技能操作能力、临床病例分析能力均高于其他3组留学生,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);第4组学生在专业知识涵盖满意度、临床思维培养满意度、教学体验满意度3个方面评分高于其他3组学生,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 在留学生临床实习教学中采用LBL+PBL+MOOC联合翻转课堂教学模式效果显著,能有效激发学生的主观能动性,培养学生自主学习和分析问题的能力,提高学生的学习成绩及临床知识掌握能力、临床技能操作能力、临床病例分析能力,提升整体教学效果和教学满意率。展开更多
Surrogate models have shown to be effective in assisting evolutionary algorithms(EAs)for solving computationally expensive complex optimization problems.However,the effectiveness of the existing surrogate-assisted evo...Surrogate models have shown to be effective in assisting evolutionary algorithms(EAs)for solving computationally expensive complex optimization problems.However,the effectiveness of the existing surrogate-assisted evolutionary algorithms still needs to be improved.A data-driven evolutionary sampling optimization(DESO)framework is proposed,where at each generation it randomly employs one of two evolutionary sampling strategies,surrogate screening and surrogate local search based on historical data,to effectively balance global and local search.In DESO,the radial basis function(RBF)is used as the surrogate model in the sampling strategy,and different degrees of the evolutionary process are used to sample candidate points.The sampled points by sampling strategies are evaluated,and then added into the database for the updating surrogate model and population in the next sampling.To get the insight of DESO,extensive experiments and analysis of DESO have been performed.The proposed algorithm presents superior computational efficiency and robustness compared with five state-of-the-art algorithms on benchmark problems from 20 to 200 dimensions.Besides,DESO is applied to an airfoil design problem to show its effectiveness.展开更多
文摘脑小血管病(small vessel disease,SVD)是一类以脑内小血管受损为主的临床影像综合征,可能会导致卒中、血管性认知障碍、神经心理疾病与其他功能障碍等。自2013年血管性神经病变的影像报告标准(standards for reporting vascular changes on neuroimaging,STRIVE)发布以来,SVD的神经影像学特征得到了初步的分类与标准化。然而,在临床实践与科学研究中,对SVD影像特征的认识和应用仍存在诸多不一致和不规范之处。随着对SVD病理生理机制的深入探索与影像技术的不断进步,新的SVD影像特征和定量标志物被相继发现,为SVD的诊断和评估提供了更为全面且精准的信息。在此基础上,STRIVE-2应运而生,以期能更全面地揭示SVD对脑功能与结构的影响。为了规范中国SVD的神经影像学评估和诊断,本共识将在STRIVE-2的基础上,结合中国具体国情,对SVD的神经影像学特征进行深入解读,旨在推动SVD影像学诊断术语的标准化,提高临床诊断的准确性,进一步促进相关领域的研究与进步。
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51271046)the Liaoning Science and Technology Joint Fund (2020-YKLH-26)+3 种基金the Liaoning Science and Technology Projects(20180550724)the Educational Department of Liaoning Province Science and Technology Projects(L2019002, L2019008)the National Students’ Program for Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training (201914435050)the Doctoral Business and Innovation Launching Plan of Ying Kou City (QB-2019-10)。
文摘To produce high strength and ductility Mg alloys with high productivity and low energy consumption,the residual heat rolling (RHR) process was initially proposed.The microstucture and mechanical properties of AZ31 processed by RHR were investigated by optical micrscopy (OM),electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD),and electron universal testing machine.The yield strength (YS),ultimate tensile strength (UTS),and elongation to failure of RHRed AZ31 sheet were 194 MPa,311 MPa,and 22%,respectively.The RHRed AZ31 alloys after annealing have very fine and homogeneous grains.The symmetrical rolled (SR) and RHRed AZ31 exhibit typical {0002} basal textures.The RHRed AZ31 has double-peak basal texture distribution.The basal poles of RHRed AZ31 split from normal direction (ND) to rolling direction (RD).There are few hard orientation distributions on the basal slip and more soft orientation distributions on the prismatic slip in the RHRed AZ31 sheets than those in the SRed AZ31sheets.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62076225,62073300)the Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hubei(2019CFA081)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)(CUGGC03).
文摘Surrogate models have shown to be effective in assisting evolutionary algorithms(EAs)for solving computationally expensive complex optimization problems.However,the effectiveness of the existing surrogate-assisted evolutionary algorithms still needs to be improved.A data-driven evolutionary sampling optimization(DESO)framework is proposed,where at each generation it randomly employs one of two evolutionary sampling strategies,surrogate screening and surrogate local search based on historical data,to effectively balance global and local search.In DESO,the radial basis function(RBF)is used as the surrogate model in the sampling strategy,and different degrees of the evolutionary process are used to sample candidate points.The sampled points by sampling strategies are evaluated,and then added into the database for the updating surrogate model and population in the next sampling.To get the insight of DESO,extensive experiments and analysis of DESO have been performed.The proposed algorithm presents superior computational efficiency and robustness compared with five state-of-the-art algorithms on benchmark problems from 20 to 200 dimensions.Besides,DESO is applied to an airfoil design problem to show its effectiveness.
