Impact of pond and fence aquaculture on reservoir environment

With the rapid development of aquaculture in lakes and reservoirs, its negative effects on water quality and aquatic organisms are clearly emerging. Toward a better understanding of these effects, chemical and biological monitoring was conducted in the Fangbian Reservoir to study the relationship between aquaculture and eutrophication. As a domestic water supply source, this reservoir has reached the mesotrophic level. The concentrations of total nitrogen （TN） and total phosphorus （TP） in the Fangbian Reservoir have frequently exceeded the prescriptive level according to the Environmental Quality Standardgfor SurJace Water （GB3838-2002）. Pond and fence aquaculture feeding is the main cause of high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus, accounting for nearly half of the total pollution, and causing the reservoir environmental capacity to be exceeded. The amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus that went directly to the reservoir through the residual bait and fish droppings in fence aquaculture were 42 768 kg per year and 10 856 kg per year respectively, from 2007 to 2009. About 2 913 kg of nitrogen and 450 kg of phosphorus were imported to the reservoir through the exchange of water from the culturing ponds at the same time. Therefore, controlling the aquaculture scale and promoting eco-aquaculture are key measures for lessening the eutrophication degree and improving the water quality.

Correlation of peripheral blood Th17 cell surface CCR4, CCR6 and CXCR3 expression with the illness in patients with chronic hepatitis B

Objective:To study the correlation of peripheral blood Th17 cell surface CCR4, CCR6 and CXCR3 expression with the illness in patients with chronic hepatitis b (CHB).Methods: A total of 48 patients who were diagnosed with chronic hepatitis b in Jianyang People's Hospital between July 2014 and January 2017 were selected as the CHB group of the research, 66 healthy volunteers who received physical examination during the same period were selected as control group, the peripheral blood was collected to determine Th17 cell surface CCR4, CCR6 and CXCR3 expression, and serum was collected to determine the levels of Th17 cytokines, liver function indexes and liver fibrosis indexes.Results: Peripheral blood Th17 cell surface CCR4, CCR6 and CXCR3 fluorescence intensity of CHB group were significantly higher than those of control group;serum IL-17, IL-21, IL-22, ALT, AST, GLB, HA, PC-Ⅲ, LN and C-Ⅳ levels of CHB group were significantly higher than those of control group and positively correlated with peripheral blood Th17 cell surface CCR4, CCR6 and CXCR3 fluorescence intensity while serum ALB level was significantly lower than that of control group and negatively correlated with peripheral blood Th17 cell surface CCR4, CCR6 and CXCR3 fluorescence intensity.Conclusion: The high expression of peripheral blood Th17 cell surface CCR4, CCR6 and CXCR3 in patients with CHB can result in increased secretion of Th17 cytokines, liver function injury and liver fibrosis.

Synthesis and evaluation of novelα-aminoamides with substituted benzene scaffold for the treatment of neuropathic pain

Small molecule sodium ion channel blockers with a pharmacophore of a-aminoamide have exhibited anti-allodynia effects on neuropathic pain. A library of new a-aminoamide derivatives containing a scaffold of substituted benzene were designed and synthesized. These compounds were evaluated in mice formalin model and they exhibited significant analgesic activities. However, the anti-allodynia mechanism of these compounds remains unclear; some of the target compounds can only moderately inhibit the sodium ion channel, Navl.7, in a whole-cell patch clamp assay. These results suggest that introduction of the moiety of substituted benzene to a-aminoamide derivatives can improve their bioactivity and further study is warranted.